Insight into understanding the anatomical and clinical aspects of supernumerary rectus capitis posterior muscles

WOS: 000230217000012PubMed: 15971221Rectus capitis posterior muscles are located in the suboccipital triangle and function in extension and lateral rotation of the head and neck. There are two of these muscles on each side: the rectus capitis posterior major and the rectus capitis posterior minor. This study describes the presence of a third suboccipital muscle in a 55-year-old cadaver. In addition to highlighting the possible relationship between these muscles and cervicogenic headaches or balance in an individual, we also relate this observation to similar musculature in the cat that have been shown to effect crucial functions. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc

An unusual termination of the ulnar nerve in the palm

WOS: 000175768900010PubMed: 12056758During the dissection of the left forearm and hand of a 57-year old male cadaver fixed in 10% formalin, it has been noted that the medial proper palmar digital nerve to the little finger arose from the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve, instead of the superficial branch of the same nerve. The dorsal branch, given off by the ulnar nerve in the forearm, coursed distally and dorsally deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. Some 2 cm proximal to the pisiform, it pierced the deep fascia on the posteromedial side of the muscle to become superficial. At this point, one of the three branches given off travelled distally on the palmar-ulnar side of the hand to the skin of the little finger. There were connections between this branch and the branches of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve which innervated the skin of the hypothenar eminence. Further, another branch of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve passed under the fibrous arch of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle origin and the opponens digiti minimi muscle to re-unite with its parent nerve

Stratification of the flexor retinaculum: Amending vs. unnecessary

WOS: 000230217000017PubMed: 15971226

A novel surgical approach to the carpal tunnel with disputed feasibility

WOS: 000234476000018PubMed: 16302238

An aberrant sensory innervation of the little finger by the ulnar nerve: A cadaveric observation

WOS: 000220618700053PubMed: 15060396

Muscle variations and abnormal branching and course of the ulnar nerve in the forearm and hand

WOS: 000187803700013PubMed: 14695591During dissection of the right forearm of a 27-year-old female cadaver, variations in the form and insertion of the palmaris longus muscle were observed. The tendon of the palmaris longus muscle, which demonstrated a centrally placed belly, split into two tendons: one inserted into the palmar aponeurosis and the other into the proximal part of the flexor retinaculum. Additionally, we found an accessory muscle extending between the flexor retinaculum and the tendon of the abductor digiti minimi muscle. This accessory muscle was located deep to the ulnar artery but superficial to the superficial and deep branches of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. Finally, an aberrant branch of the ulnar nerve was identified in the forearm; it travelled distally alongside the ulnar artery and in the palm demonstrated communications with common palmar digital nerves from the ulnar and the median nerves. No variations were observed in the contralateral upper limb

Cadaveric observation of an aberrant left subclavian artery: A possible cause of thoracic outlet syndrome

WOS: 000228056100010PubMed: 15768409We report a rare anomaly of the left subclavian artery, Coursing through the scalenus anterior muscle, that may cause thoracic outlet syndrome. We also discuss the anatomical basis of the possible diagnostic maneuvers for patients with thoracic outlet syndrome. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc