Analysing the Effects of Land Use on the Choice of Intra-Zonal Trip Destinations – A Comparison Between Weekday and Weekend Travel

Among the studies on the land use – travel relationship, few investigated it regarding weekend travel and destination choice. This study accordingly evaluates how the land use - destination choice relationship differs between weekdays and weekends using two multinomial logistic regression models in which the destination is classified into three types: microzone inside, microzone outside - macrozone inside, and macrozone outside. Major findings are that the choice of automobile alternatives for travel and their ownership are associated with the choice of the microzone inside while employment and income contribute to external trips. Among land use variables, nighttime population density turns out to be the only land use variable that consistently increases internal trips in all cases, regardless of the zone size and weekday - weekend difference, whereas daytime population density does not become significant in any case. Also, land use entropy and street connectivity are found to discourage a trip that moves from the microzone to the macrozone and transit system variables to facilitate a trip that goes beyond the microzone. Particularly, between two types of transit system variables, the choice of the microzone is likely to be associated with low bus stop density on weekdays and low metro station density on weekends.</p

Comparing Happiness Determinants for Urban Residents A Partial Least Squares Regression Model

Research on happiness determinants began in the 1970s in such fields as psychology and economics. While they tended to focus on individual variables, they have recently expanded to the built environment. Regarding the built environment, transportation systems—as opposed to land use—were mostly studied in relation to the transient happiness of satisfaction from one trip rather than overall happiness based on life satisfaction. By controlling for well-researched happiness determinants (i.e., the individual’s psychological and economic variables), this study sought to explore how the built environment, especially transportation system variables, affect overall happiness. To this aim, we used a partial least squares regression model with a total of 61 research variables and tested it using data from a 2018 Seoul survey (n = 5,515 household heads). Through using the 2018 data, we could evaluate the environment for cyclists and pedestrians, and taxi, subway, and bus users. Based on the analytical results, this study concludes that to promote happiness, the government would do well to implement marketing/branding strategies to heighten the identity of, and attachment for, the city (i.e., to increase the pride its citizens feel in calling it their home), and to improve transportation infrastructure for better mobility and accessibility (of motorized—rather than nonmotorized—transportation, particularly taxis and buses). Between nonmotorized transport methods, the pedestrian environment is more important in urban centers than in residential neighborhoods, and the cycling environment is largely considered less significant. These overall happiness-related findings on transportation systems stand in contrast to those from studies on transient happiness from a single trip

The Choice of Urban Spaces in the COVID-19 Era

The spread of infectious diseases is a spatial process, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cluster infections of COVID-19 have arisen globally in various urban spaces, implying that tracking the spread necessitates a spatial approach to understanding the dynamics of the disease. In this study, we employ an online survey in the Seoul metropolitan area in South Korea to examine changes in the use of urban spaces and factors that affect individual’s choice in using urban spaces in the COVID-19 era. We classify various urban spaces into three activity types according to the previous studies: spaces for mandatory activities, maintenance activities, and discretionary activities. The results show that every type of urban space is visited less than before the COVID-19 outbreak. Factors involved in the use of spaces for mandatory activities include the preference for offline consumption, gender, and risk perception of COVID-19. In the case of non-mandatory activity spaces, factors that commonly influence the use of the spaces are compliance with social distancing regulations, preference for offline consumption, refraining from outdoor activities, risk perception of COVID-19, and perceived safety in the city concerning COVID-19. The present study is significant as it identified not only different factors affecting the choice of mandatory and non-mandatory activity spaces but also distinctive variables determining the choice of urban spaces for maintenance activity and discretionary activity. From the analysis, this study draws policy implications to effectively prevent and control infectious disease in the context of urban spaces

Editorial introduction: Green Planning

This special issue deals with research presented at the biannual SPSD conference held in Seoul, South Korea in 2017. Specifically, about half of the presentations (total 68) were submitted in full length, aiming for official publication in IRSPSD and from these, this issue was initially based on nine papers. Five papers were finally accepted and comprise this special issue

Review on the process of identifying a city brand slogan and power brand assets: The case of Daejeon, Korea

This study, as part of the 7030 project, which celebrates in 2019 the 70th anniversary of the establishment of Daejeon as a city and the 30th anniversary of its promotion to a Metropolitan City, places its first purpose on analysing the internal and external marketing-related environments of the city and accordingly, identifying core values (keywords) for the city marketing and finally, suggesting an alternative brand slogan comprising the keywords. A second purpose is, for the purpose of achieving the slogan, to define power brands through the exploration, classification, and assessment of the existing brand assets. Firstly, this study identifies 18 keywords based on the internal and external environmental analysis and, based on two criteria, whether the value is shared by citizens and how it differentiates Daejeon from other cities. The study suggests a revised slogan: “a city of innovation and capacity, pursuing a life of composure and dignity”. Subsequently, to actualize this slogan, this study detects a total of 423 city brand assets and classifies them into eight categories, based on which it conducts an AHP analysis and computes the relative weights of the categories, while it conducts the IPA to evaluate the levels of the recognition and importance of each asset. The AHP weight evaluation, as well as the IPA, is conducted by a citizen planning board of about 50 people. The results of such a group evaluation differs by the background of the rater, and acknowledging the tendency, this study suggests how to interpret and utilize the evaluation results. Finally, it computes the final power brand asset score, which is a function of the AHP weight and IPA point. Such a power brand selection process is then used to develop guidelines and principles for the marketing of each category of brand assets

Tourist Satisfaction, Image, and Loyalty from an Interregional Perspective: An Analysis of Neighboring Areas with Distinct Characteristics

A comparison is made among the three areas of the Korean Capital Region to investigate the effects of their different tourism resources on attribute satisfaction and the relationships that attribute satisfaction has with overall satisfaction, country image, and tourist loyalty. Three partial least squares structural equation models find that costs, lodging, and communication are consistently unimportant, but the most important variable differs by area. In Seoul (an international shopping center), shopping is paramount; food is most important in Incheon (where its local cuisines have been well publicized); and satisfaction with tourism administration services is highly valued in Gyeonggi (which lacks facilities for foreign tourists). At the construct level, overall happiness exerts a stronger direct effect on image than on loyalty, but if its indirect effect is considered, the total effect on loyalty surpasses that on image. This is particularly true in Gyeonggi, where tourism resources are less exploited

SEM application to the household travel survey on weekends versus weekdays: the case of Seoul, South Korea

Abstract Purpose This study analyzes the relationship that land use has with weekend travel in comparison to weekday travel. Unlike previous studies, it uses the same sample for two models that are specified to test the relationship separately for weekday and weekend travel. Methods Structural equation modeling is employed to test the land use–travel relationship. A comparison is made using two mode-specific travel measures: trip frequency and travel time. Results On weekday travel, land use in Seoul tends to reduce automobile trips and to add transit and nonmotorized trips. This does not lead to a reduction in the total frequency of weekday trips. Instead, an overall reduction occurs in the frequency of weekend trips because the addition of transit and nonmotorized trips is less than the reduction of automobile trips. Conclusions The application of structural equation modeling to a Seoul household travel survey confirms the opposing role of land use in travel mode choices on weekdays versus weekends

Tourist Satisfaction, Image, and Loyalty from an Interregional Perspective: An Analysis of Neighboring Areas with Distinct Characteristics

A comparison is made among the three areas of the Korean Capital Region to investigate the effects of their different tourism resources on attribute satisfaction and the relationships that attribute satisfaction has with overall satisfaction, country image, and tourist loyalty. Three partial least squares structural equation models find that costs, lodging, and communication are consistently unimportant, but the most important variable differs by area. In Seoul (an international shopping center), shopping is paramount; food is most important in Incheon (where its local cuisines have been well publicized); and satisfaction with tourism administration services is highly valued in Gyeonggi (which lacks facilities for foreign tourists). At the construct level, overall happiness exerts a stronger direct effect on image than on loyalty, but if its indirect effect is considered, the total effect on loyalty surpasses that on image. This is particularly true in Gyeonggi, where tourism resources are less exploited

Influences on trip frequency according to travel purposes: a structural equation modeling approach in Seoul, South Korea

A comparison is made between the effects of three variable groups or factors—urban forms, sociodemographics, and attitudes—on the frequencies of trips for commuting, shopping, and leisure purposes. A structural equation model is developed as a common travel-purpose model and then modified for each travel purpose according to the outcomes of a survey conducted in Seoul, South Korea. The findings show that the strongest variable in each factor is the same as that shown in European and US research, but other strong variables in each factor and the relative strengths of the three factors differ according to travel purposes.

Permutaciones REP

Resolución de problemas de combinatoria en que se utilizan permutaciones con repeticiónhttps://polimedia.upv.es/visor/?id=b0b21410-0301-11e6-9e41-fbb8b567df22Camacho García, A. (2016). Permutaciones REP. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/67132DE