Gluing AdS/CFT

In this paper, we investigate gluing together two Anti-de Sitter (AdS) geometries along a timelike brane, which corresponds to coupling two brane field theories (BFTs) through gravitational interactions in the dual holographic perspective. By exploring the general conditions for this gluing process, we show that the energy stress tensors of the BFTs backreact on the dynamical metric in a manner reminiscent of the TTbar deformation. In particular, we present explicit solutions for the three-dimensional case with chiral excitations and further construct perturbative solutions with non-chiral excitations.Comment: 35 pages, 9 figures; v2: typos fixed, references added

Improved syntheses of D-ribo- and 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose phospho sugars from methyl β-D-ribopyranoside

Methyl 4-deoxy-4-dimethoxyphosphinoyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-ribopyranoside (12a) and methyl 2,4-dideoxy-4-dimethoxyphosphinoyl-beta-D-erythro-pentopyranoside (20) were efficiently prepared respectively from methyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-ribopyranoside (7a) and its 3,4-O-isopropylidene isomer (7b) in appreciably improved total yields compared with those via previously reported routes. Compounds (12a, 20) were led to D-ribofuranose and 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose phospho sugars (4, 5)

Zoo of holographic moving mirrors

We systematically study moving mirror models in two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT). By focusing on their late-time behavior, we separate the mirror profiles into four classes, named type A (timelike) mirrors, type B (escaping) mirrors, type C (chasing) mirrors, and type D (terminated) mirrors. We analytically explore the characteristic features of the energy flux and entanglement entropy for each type and work out their physical interpretation. Moreover, we construct their gravity duals for which end-of-the-world (EOW) branes play a crucial role. Depending on the mirror type, the profiles of the EOW branes show distinct behaviors. In addition, we also provide a criterion that decides whether the replica method in CFTs computes entanglement entropy or pseudo entropy in moving mirror models

A New Route for Preparation of 2-Deoxy-D-ribofuranose Phospho Sugar

The addition reaction of dimethyl phosphonate to (2R,4S)-4-(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)oxymethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one (11a), followed by dehydroxylation, provided 1-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-deoxy-3-dimethoxyphosphinoyl-2,4-O-ethylidene-D-erythritol (13a). Elongation of carbon skeleton of the D-erythrose (14) derived from 13a and then acidic methanolysis gave a mixture of methyl 2,4-dideoxy-4-dimethoxyphosphinoyl-alpha,beta-D-erythropentopyranosides (7), which was led to 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose phospho sugar (4) in an appreciably improved total yield compared with the procedures via previously reported route

Selection Effect on Survival Time of Japanese Quail under High and Low Temperature Stresses

本研究は,温度適応の遺伝育種に関する基礎的研究として行われた. 高温(45℃)・低温(-5℃)ストレス条件下で日本ウズラの生存時間に対する2方向選抜が行われ,選抜5世代でその効果が検討された. 選抜基礎集団としては,当教室で無作為交配群として維持されている日本ウズラの雌雄38ペアの交配より得られたヒナ381羽である. 選抜方法は家系内個体選抜である. 得られた結果は以下に示す通りである. 1)高温ストレス下での選抜効果はHR群(抵抗性)で明らかであり,HS群(感受性)では明らかな効果はみられなかった. 両選抜群の偏差率でみると,HR群とHS群の差は5世代では40%になった. 2)低温ストレス下での選抜効果はLR群(抵抗性)で明らかでなく,LS群(感受桂)で明らかであった. 両群の偏差率でみると,LR群とLS群の差は5世代では35%になった. 3)低温選抜の場合,LR群の選抜差がLS群の選抜差に比べてかなり大きい値を示した. 4)生存時間に関する実現遺伝率はHR群で0.836,HS群で0.176,LR群で0.005,LS群で0.243であった

Genetic Variation of Survival Time of Japanese Quail under High and Low Ambient Temperatures

本研究は日本ウズラの耐温性に関する選抜育種並びに選抜育種の場の設定について検討しその具体的資料を得る目的で行なった. すなわち,日本ウズラを用いて,2,3,4,5,6週令ヒナの42,45,48℃および3,0,-3,-5℃条件下での生存時問の調査と体温を調査した. また,4,2週令ヒナをそれぞれ45,-5℃の温度条件下に曝らした時の生存時問に関する遺伝率の推定,並びに,体重との遺伝相関を推定し検討した. 得られた結果は以下の通りである. 1)ヒナはどの週令においても高温条件では温度が上昇するにつれて,また,低温条件では温度が低くなるにつれて生存時間は短くなる傾向を示した. 2)平均生存時間で週令間には,どの温度条件でもすべての問に1%レベルで有意差が認められ,どの温度条件でも4週令ヒナが最も生存時間が長かった. 3)致死体温は高温条件では46.6℃,低温条件では19.0℃であった. 4)生存時間と体重との関係は,高温度区では相関関係はほとんどなく,低温度区では非常に高い相関関係が有り,1%レベルで有意な回帰が認められた. 5)高温度条件45℃に4週令ヒナを曝らした生存時間についての遺伝率の推定値は,h2S=0.415,h2b=0.350,h2S+D=0.382であった. 6)低温度条件-5℃に2週令ヒナを曝らした生存時間についての遺伝率の推定値は,h2S=0.868,h2b=0.400,h2S+D=0.634であった. 7)遺伝率の推定値から,高,低温度条件とも,選抜方法は,家系内個体選抜が有効と考えられた

Ambipolar Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Indigo Derivatives

In order to improve the ambipolar performance of indigo-based semiconductors, we have investigated halogen-substituted (1 - 4) and phenyl-substituted (5) indigo derivatives at the 5-position. We show that introduction of iodine atoms, namely 5,5'-diiodoindigo (4), leads to the strong halogen-halogen interaction (iodine-iodine interaction) that gives a significant effect on the molecular packing. Thanks to the supramolecular network coming from the extra iodine-iodine interaction, the molecules are arranged approximately perpendicular to the substrate in the thin film. This results in remarkable transistor performance of the maximum hole and electron mobilities (µh/µe) = 0.42/0.85 cm2V–1s–1, which are one of the highest among small-molecule ambipolar organic transistors. Furthermore, introducing phenyl groups, 5 improves the transistor performances up to the maximum mobilities µh/µe = 0.56/0.95 cm2V–1s–1. We have found that the phenyl groups destroy the standard molecular packing of indigo to achieve a unique structure that is a hybrid of the herringbone and brickwork structures

ゲノム編集技術を用いた脳の進化発生学研究の展開

京都府立医科大学大学院神経発生生物学京都府立医科大学医学部医学科近年急速に進歩したCRISPR/Cas9 によるゲノム編集技術は、これまでのマウスES細胞を用いた相同遺伝子組換えによる標的遺伝子破壊の手法に大きな変革をもたらした。本稿では、この技術を用いて種特異的な遺伝子機能の解析を行った最近の研究について概説するとともに、我々が行ったニワトリ胚におけるPax6 遺伝子の標的遺伝子破壊の研究について紹介する。特に、CRISPR/Cas9 を用いた組織特異的遺伝子破壊に必要な検証実験について考察し、脳の進化発生学研究におけるあらたな研究戦略について議論する

Behçetʼs disease complicated by ileocecal and esophageal perforation

　A 36-year-old Japanese man known to have incomplete Behçet’s disease (oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, and esophageal and ileocecal ulcers) was admitted to our hospital in January 2011 for abdominal pain. We administered corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Two months later, we performed an ileocecal resection to control gastrointestinal bleeding from the ileocecal ulcers. High fever persisted after this surgery, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated ulcer penetration between the lower and abdominal esophagus. Eighteen days after the initial ileocecal resection, we performed a lower esophagus resection, gastric tube reconstruction and enterostomy, during which we confirmed a 5-mm-dia. perforated site at the posterior wall of the abdominal esophagus. Postoperative anastomotic leakage and empyema occurred, but they were relieved by thoracic drainage and empyema dissection

A switchable controlled-NOT gate in a spin-chain NMR quantum computer

A method of switching a controlled-NOT gate in a solid-stae NMR quantum computer is presented. Qubits of I=1/2 nuclear spins are placed periodically along a quantum spin chain (1-D antiferromagnet) having a singlet ground state with a finite spin gap to the lowest excited state caused by some quantum effect. Irradiation of a microwave tuned to the spin gap energy excites a packet of triplet magnons at a specific part of the chain where control and target qubits are involved. The packet switches on the Suhl-Nakamura interaction between the qubits, which serves as a controlled NOT gate. The qubit initialization is achieved by a qubit initializer consisting of semiconducting sheets attached to the spin chain, where spin polarizations created by the optical pumping method in the semiconductors are transferred to the spin chain. The scheme allows us to separate the initialization process from the computation, so that one can optimize the computation part without being restricted by the initialization scheme, which provides us with a wide selection of materials for a quantum computer.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure