中性子重照射環境での利用を目的とした耐照射セラミック材料の照射に伴う機械的特性変化と微細構造との相関に関する研究

要約のみTohoku University四竈樹男課

HIGH-RESOLUTION LASER SPECTROSCOPY OF 14NO3 RADICAL: VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED STATES OF THE B2E_ STATE

High-resolution fluorescence excitation spectra of chem{^{14}NO_3} radical were intermittently recorded in the region 15860 cm$^{-1}$ to 16050 cm$^{-1}$ corresponding to the transitions to the vibrationally excited states of the $B^{2}E^{prime}$ state. Well-separated rotational lines were found to disappear as the vibrational energy increases. The 16050 cm$^{-1}$ region is almost unstructured even in the high-resolution measurement, and its rotational analysis is almost impossible. The rotational assignment of the 15870 cm$^{-1}$ region is possible and it has been undertaken by the ground state combination differences and the Zeeman effect observation

FACILE AND SENSITIVE HPLC-UV METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF NINTEDANIB IN RAT PLASMA

Objective: In this study, a facile and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of nintedanib in rat plasma was developed and validated.Methods: After plasma protein was precipitated by addition of acetonitrile, the supernatant underwent centrifugation. An aliquot was then injected into a high-performance liquid chromatographic system with a Mightysil RP-18 GP II ODS column (250 × 3.0 mm, length by inner diameter, 5-μm particle size) maintained at 50 °C. A mobile phase mixture of 20 mmol phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (7:3, v/v) was used at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, with UV detection at a wavelength of 390 nm for isocratic separation and detection of nintedanib, its main metabolite (BIBF1202), and p-nitrophenol as an internal standard.Results: The quantitative range of nintedanib concentration in this method was 12.5–400 ng/ml, and the calibration curves were linear. The intra-and inter-day accuracy values (relative errors) were in the range of −3.65%–4.00% and −3.65%–3.64%, respectively. The intra-and inter-day precision values (relative standard deviations) were<5.9% and 8.36%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic analysis of nintedanib in rats after intravenous administration.Conclusion: In this study, a rapid, sensitive, and simple HPLC-UV method for the quantitation of nintedanib in rat plasma was developed and validated. The method was shown to be accurate and precise and was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study

Phenotyping of P105-Negative B Cell Subsets in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

This study aimed to investigate phenotype of RP105(−) B cell subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Flow cytometry was used for phenotyping RP105-negaive B cell subsets. Based on CD19, RP105, and CD138 expression, RP105(−) B cells consist of at least 5 subsets of late B cells, including CD19(+)RP105(int), CD19(+) RP105(−), CD19(low) RP105(−) CD138(−), CD19(low) RP105(−)CD138(int), and CD19(low) RP105(−) CD138(++) B cells. Especially, CD19(+)RP105(int) and CD19(low) RP105(−)CD138(int) B cells are significantly larger than other RP105(−) B cell subsets in SLE. By comparison of RP105(−) B cell subsets between patients with SLE and normal subjects, these subsets were detectable even in normal subjects, but the percentages of RP105(−) B cell subsets were significantly larger in SLE. The phenotypic analysis of RP105(−) B cell subsets suggests dysregulation of later B cell subsets in SLE and may provide new insights into understanding regulation of B cells in human SLE

Evaluating the Need for and Effect of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty on Arteriovenous Fistulas by Using Total Recirculation Rate per Dialysis Session (“Clearance Gap”)

The functioning of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) used for vascular access during hemodialysis has been assessed mainly by dilution methods. Although these techniques indicate the immediate recirculation rate, the results obtained may not correlate with Kt/V. In contrast, the clearance gap (CL-Gap) method provides the total recirculation rate per dialysis session and correlates well with Kt/V. We assessed the correlation between Kt/V and CL-Gap as well as the change in radial artery (RA) blood flow speed in the fistula before percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in 45 patients undergoing continuous hemodialysis. The dialysis dose during the determination of CL-Gap was 1.2 to 1.4 Kt/V. Patients with a 10% elevation or more than a 10% relative increase in CL-Gap underwent PTA (n＝45), and the values obtained for Kt/V and CL-Gap before PTA were compared with those obtained immediately afterward. The mean RA blood flow speed improved significantly (from 52.9 to 97.5cm/sec) after PTA, as did Kt/V (1.07 to 1.30) and CL-Gap (14.1% to －0.2%). A significant correlation between these differences was apparent (r＝－0.436 and p＝0.003). These findings suggest that calculating CL-Gap may be useful for determining when PTA is required and for assessing the effectiveness of PTA, toward obtaining better dialysis

MEDICAL TREATMENT OF UNRUPTURED CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS

Background: Currently there are no pharmacological therapies for patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Elsewhere we showed that the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone prevented the formation of cerebral aneurysms in our ovariectomized hypertensive aneurysm rat model. The current pilot study evaluated whether it can be used to prevent the growth and rupture of cerebral aneurysms in hypertensive patients. Methods: Between August 2011 and May 2014, we enrolled 82 patients with 90 aneurysms in an open-label uncontrolled clinical trial. All provided prior informed consent for inclusion in this study, and all were treated with eplerenone (25-100 mg/d). The primary end points of our study were the rupture and enlargement of the cerebral aneurysms. Results: Of the 82 patients, 80 (88 unruptured aneurysms) were followed for a mean of 21.3 months (153.4 aneurysm-years); 12 patients (15.0%) permanently discontinued taking the drug. One month after the start of eplerenone administration and throughout the follow-up period, eplerenone kept the blood pressure within the normal range. Most notably, no aneurysms smaller than 9 mm ruptured or enlarged. However, of 2 large thrombosed aneurysms, 1 enlarged and the other ruptured. The overall annual rupture rate was .65%; it was 13.16% for aneurysms larger than 10 mm; the overall annual rate for reaching the primary end points was 1.30%. Conclusion: Our observations suggest that eplerenone may help to prevent the growth and rupture of unruptured cerebral aneurysms smaller than 9 mm. To assess its potential long-term clinical benefits, large clinical trials are needed

Honeycomb-Layered Oxides With Silver Atom Bilayers and Emergence of Non-Abelian SU(2) Interactions

Honeycomb-layered oxides with monovalent or divalent, monolayered cationic lattices generally exhibit myriad crystalline features encompassing rich electrochemistry, geometries, and disorders, which particularly places them as attractive material candidates for next-generation energy storage applications. Herein, global honeycomb-layered oxide compositions, Ag2M2TeO6 ((Formula presented.).) exhibiting (Formula presented.) atom bilayers with sub-valent states within Ag-rich crystalline domains of Ag6M2TeO6 and (Formula presented.) -deficient domains of (Formula presented.) ((Formula presented.)). The (Formula presented.) -rich material characterized by aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy reveals local atomic structural disorders characterized by aperiodic stacking and incoherency in the bilayer arrangement of (Formula presented.) atoms. Meanwhile, the global material not only displays high ionic conductivity but also manifests oxygen-hole electrochemistry during silver-ion extraction. Within the (Formula presented.) -rich domains, the bilayered structure, argentophilic interactions therein and the expected (Formula presented.) sub-valent states ((Formula presented.), etc.) are theoretically understood via spontaneous symmetry breaking of SU(2) 7 U(1) gauge symmetry interactions amongst 3 degenerate mass-less chiral fermion states, justified by electron occupancy of silver (Formula presented.) and 5s orbitals on a bifurcated honeycomb lattice. This implies that bilayered frameworks have research applications that go beyond the confines of energy storage