191 research outputs found
Quantum Phase Transitions of the Distorted Diamond Spin Chain
The frustrated quantum spin system on the distorted diamond chain lattice
suitable for the alumoklyuchevskite is investigated using the numerical
diagonalization of finite-size clusters and the level spectroscopy analysis. It
is found that this model exhibits three quantum phases; the ferrimagnetic
phase, the spin gap one, and the gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid depending on
the exchange coupling parameters. The ground state phase diagram is presented.Comment: to be published in JPS Conf. Se
Perineal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in an Epidermal Cyst
A 90-year-old Japanese woman who had been aware of a subcutaneous mass on the right perineal region for 5 years was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment because of the rapid growth of the mass and bleeding that began 3 months earlier. A biopsy of the mass revealed a diagnosis of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. On preoperative examination, the tumor was 90×40 mm in size and was suspected to have partially invaded the levator ani muscle and external sphincter. Since a preoperative cardiac evaluation indicated severe aortic stenosis, we performed transcatheter aortic valve implantation. A radical resection was then performed with general anesthesia. The skin and subcutaneous tissue defects were reconstructed with a posterior gluteal-thigh propeller flap, and a sigmoid colostomy was created. The patient had a good postoperative course and was transferred to a rehabilitation facility 28 days after the surgery. Epidermal cysts are a common benign tumor, and clinicians should keep in mind that these cysts can become malignant
Magnetization Plateau of the Distorted Diamond Spin Chain
The frustrated quantum spin system on the distorted diamond chain lattice is
investigated using the numerical diagonalization of finite-size clusters and
the level spectroscopy analysis. In the previous work this system was revealed
to exhibit the 1/3 magnetization plateau due to two different mechanisms
depending on the coupling parameters, and the phase diagram at the 1/3
magnetization was obtained. In the present work it is found that the 1/3
magnetization plateau vanishes for sufficiently large -like coupling
anisotropy. The phase diagram based on the level spectroscopy analysis is also
presented.Comment: to be published in JPS Conference Proceeding
Localization and function of neurosecretory protein GM, a novel small secretory protein, in the chicken hypothalamus.
Recently, we discovered a novel cDNA encoding the precursor of a small secretory protein, neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), in the hypothalamic infundibulum of chickens. NPGL plays an important role in the regulation of growth and feeding. A database search indicated that the NPGL gene has a paralogous gene: neurosecretory protein GM (NPGM), also in chickens. We identified cDNA encoding the NPGM precursor in chickens. Morphological analysis showed that NPGM-containing cells are specifically localized in the medial mammillary nucleus (MM) and infundibular nucleus (IN) in the hypothalamus. In addition, we found that NPGM and NPGL are co-localized, especially in the MM. The expression levels of NPGM mRNA gradually decreased during post-hatch development, in contrast to those of NPGL mRNA. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between NPGM and other known factors. NPGM was found to be produced in histaminergic neurons in the MM. NPGM and histidine decarboxylase, a histamine-producing enzyme, displayed similar expression patterns during post-hatch development. Acute intracerebroventricular injection of NPGM decreased food intake, similar to the effect of histamine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the localization and function of NPGM in the brain of vertebrates. These results will further advance the understanding mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis
Honeycomb Layered Frameworks with Metallophilic Bilayers
Honeycomb layered frameworks with metallophilic bilayers have garnered
traction in various disciplines due to their unique configuration and numerous
physicochemical and topological properties, such as fast ionic conduction,
coordination chemistry, and structural defects. These properties make them
attractive for energy storage applications, leading to increased attention
towards their metallophilic bilayer arrangements. This Review focuses on recent
advancements in this field, including characterisation techniques like X-ray
absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,
particularly for silver-based oxides. It also highlights strategies related to
cationic-deficient phases induced by topology or temperature, expanding the
compositional space of honeycomb layered frameworks with a focus on cationic
bilayer architectures. The Review further discusses theoretical approaches for
understanding the bilayered structure, especially concerning critical phenomena
at the monolayer-bilayer phase transition. Honeycomb layered frameworks are
described as optimised lattices within the congruent sphere packing problem,
equivalent to a specific two-dimensional conformal field theory. The
monolayer-bilayer phase transition involves a 2D-to-3D crossover. Overall, this
Review aims to provide a panoramic view of honeycomb layered frameworks with
metallophilic bilayers and their potential applications in the emerging field
of quantum matter. It is valuable for recent graduates and experts alike across
diverse fields, extending beyond materials science and chemistry.Comment: 68 pages, 24 figure
Author Correction: Localization and function of neurosecretory protein GM, a novel small secretory protein, in the chicken hypothalamus.
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper
Hydrogen Isotope (H2 and D2) Sorption Study of CHA-Type Zeolites
Using either single H2 and D2 or H2-D2 mixed gases, the sorption abilities of CHA (chabazite)-type zeolites ion-exchanged with K, Na, or Ca were studied at 77, 201, and 250 K. The LTA (Linde Type A) (3A) and FAU (faujasite)-type zeolites were also examined for comparison. The pore diameters in these materials were found to decrease on the order of FAU > Ca-CHA > [K-CHA, Na-CHA, and LTA(3A)]. The quantities of D2 adsorbed on these zeolites were larger than the amounts of H2. At higher temperatures, the CHA-type zeolites having smaller pores exhibited superior D2/H2 selectivity compared with the LTA(3A) and FAU, suggesting that hydrogen isotope separation using zeolites is affected by pore size
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