Evaluation and Categorization of Femur Morphometry with Digital Measurement Method

BACKGROUND Variational differences of the femur between populations like clinical, anthropological and forensic anthropology are important. These morphometric differences are influenced by factors such as race, heredity, climate and diet. METHODS With the descriptive and cross-sectional design of this study, we aimed to investigate the femur morphometry with digital image analysis program. In this study, 105 femur bones belonging to Cukurova University, Medicine Faculty, Anatomy Department, were used. This study which has a descriptive and crosssectional design, was carried out in April 2018. For statistical analysis, "Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows 20.0" program was used. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation values of the parameters measured in femur were as follows- maximum femur length 431.42±36.2, physiological femur length 428±36.15, physiological trochanter length 403.3±34.3, anterior, posterior, superior and inferior aspects of collum femoris length 28±5.30, 25.5±5.4, 26.2±5.4, 39±7.5, caput femoris diameter 44±4, collum femoris width 34.2±7.15, collum femoris axis length 95.2±10, transverse and sagittal aspects of subtrochanteric diameter 30±3, 25.01±3, linea intertrochanterica length 68.1±8.22, transverse and sagittal aspects of mid-body diameter 27.03±3, 27.22±3, maximum proximal and distal width 86.1±13, 76.3±8, intercondylar width and depth 18.3±3.32, 25±4, condylar width and depth were 70.14±7.2, 57.4±7, midbody circumference was 85.5±9.03 mm. The mean weight of the femur was determined as 292.4±68.04 gr. Robustness, platymeria, pilastric, intercondylar width and depth indexes were calculated. Averages values of these indexes respectively were 13±2, 84.15±10, 101.22±10.4, 0.3±0.04, 0.43±0.05. CONCLUSIONS Although the mean morphometric data of the right femurs obtained from our study were higher than the left femurs, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05); There was a statistically significant difference between the right and left femurs in the intercondylar depth average (p <0.05). When the studies in the literature were compared with our results, it was found that the nearest average values were the maximum femur length and physiological femur length. Studies suggest that differences in femur geometry may be caused by race-dependent characteristics. The anatomical structure and morphometric measurements of the femur are clinically important for femoral fractures and pathologies. In addition, the data obtained from this study will be used by anthropologists for various determinations in the field of forensic medicine. We think that the results of our study will help clinicians in surgical interventions

Anthropometric Evaluation of Cranial Indexes

Introduction: Craniometric measurements are used in anatomy, anthropometry and surgical fields, especially in maxillofacial and plastic surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the cranial index values anthropometrically and to contribute to the literature data. Material and methods: For this purpose, 30 cranium bones with unknown age and gender belonging to Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and University of Cukurova were used. Results: In this study, maximum cranial width, maximum cranial length, bizygomatic width, cranial height, upper face height and minimum frontal width were measured. The mean and standard deviation values of the measured values are; 139.15 ± 9.89, 172.20 ± 7.90, 125.24 ± 9.47, 126.07 ± 6.23, 65.07 ± 5.40, 95.33 ± 5.09 mm, respectively. By using these values, cranial index, transverse cranio - facial index, cranial height - width index, cranial height - length index, upper facial index and fronto - parietal index values were calculated. The mean and standard deviation of index values are 81.59 ± 5.60, 90.21 ± 6.69, 92.30 ± 6.16, 73.73 ± 3.79, 52.61 ± 5.52, 68.76 ± 4.86 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The results of our study were classified and compared with the studies performed in different populations. We believe that the obtained data will contribute to the research and literature data in clinical areas