A formal proof of the Kepler conjecture

This article describes a formal proof of the Kepler conjecture on dense sphere packings in a combination of the HOL Light and Isabelle proof assistants. This paper constitutes the official published account of the now completed Flyspeck project

Prognosis of neonatal tetanus in the modern management era: an observational study in 107 Vietnamese infants.

OBJECTIVES: Most data regarding prognosis in neonatal tetanus originates from regions where limited resources have historically impeded management. It is not known whether recent improvements in critical care facilities in many low and middle income countries have affected indicators of poor prognosis in neonatal tetanus. We aimed to determine the factors associated with worse outcome in a Vietnamese hospital with neonatal intensive care facilities. METHODS: Data was collected from 107 cases of neonatal tetanus. Clinical features on admission were analyzed against mortality and a combined endpoint of 'death or prolonged hospital stay'. RESULTS: Multivariable analysis showed that only younger age (OR for mortality 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.98) and lower weight (OR for mortality 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.54) were significantly associated with both the combined end point and death. Shorter period of onset (OR 0.94 95% CI 0.9 to 0.97), raised white cell count (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.35), and time between first symptom and admission (OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.14 to1 2.51) were also indicators of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for poor outcome in neonatal tetanus in a setting with critical care facilities include younger age, lower weight, delay in admission and leukocytosis

Prognosis of neonatal tetanus in the modern management era: an observational study in 107 Vietnamese infants.

OBJECTIVES: Most data regarding prognosis in neonatal tetanus originates from regions where limited resources have historically impeded management. It is not known whether recent improvements in critical care facilities in many low and middle income countries have affected indicators of poor prognosis in neonatal tetanus. We aimed to determine the factors associated with worse outcome in a Vietnamese hospital with neonatal intensive care facilities. METHODS: Data was collected from 107 cases of neonatal tetanus. Clinical features on admission were analyzed against mortality and a combined endpoint of 'death or prolonged hospital stay'. RESULTS: Multivariable analysis showed that only younger age (OR for mortality 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.98) and lower weight (OR for mortality 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.54) were significantly associated with both the combined end point and death. Shorter period of onset (OR 0.94 95% CI 0.9 to 0.97), raised white cell count (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.35), and time between first symptom and admission (OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.14 to1 2.51) were also indicators of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for poor outcome in neonatal tetanus in a setting with critical care facilities include younger age, lower weight, delay in admission and leukocytosis

Long-term humoral immune response in persons with asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, Vietnam

Antibody response against nucleocapsid and spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in 11 persons with mild or asymptomatic infection rapidly increased after infection. At weeks 18–30 after diagnosis, all remained seropositive but spike protein–targeting antibody titers declined. These data may be useful for vaccine development

The application of sample pooling for mass screening of SARS-CoV-2 in an outbreak of COVID-19 in Vietnam

We sampled nasal–pharyngeal throat swabs from 96,123 asymptomatic individuals at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and generated 22,290 pools at collection, each containing samples from two to seven individuals. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in 24 pools, and confirmed the infection in 32 individuals after resampling and testing of 104 samples from positive pools. We completed the testing within 14 days. We would have required 64 days to complete the screening for the same number of individuals if we had based our testing strategy on individual testing. There was no difference in cycle threshold (Ct) values of pooled and individual samples. Thus, compared with individual sample testing, our approach did not compromise PCR sensitivity, but saved 77% of the resources. The present strategy might be applicable in settings, where there are shortages of reagents and the disease prevalence is low, but the demand for testing is high