Effects of microwave heating on the thermal states of biological tissues

A mathematical analysis of microwave heating equations in one-dimensional multi-layer model has been discussed. Maxwell's equations and transient bioheat transfer equation were numerically calculated by using finite difference method to predict the effects of thermal physical properties on the transient temperature of biological tissues. This prediction of the temperature evolution in biological bodies can be used as an effective tool for thermal diagnostics in medical practices. Key words: Microwave heating, Maxwell's equations, bioheat, multi layer. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.2(11) 2003: 453-45

Iarogenic Bile Duct Injuries: Repairs Feasibility

Due to laparoscopic cholecystectomy there is increase in the bile duct injuries. It was 0.2% to 0.4% during open opposed to 0.6% to 0.8% during laparoscopic. Included in the study were 22 patients, 19 patients with two redo operated upon. Between Feb. 1999 to Nov2017 and 3 referral cases. The treatment options were end to end anastomosis and hepaticojejunostomy. Regarding the injuries, according to Stresberg there were 2A .4D injuries with injury in the lateral aspect of the ducts, 8 E1, with hepatic stump > 2cm., 5 E2 with hepatic stump < 2cm. The three referral cases were choledochodoudonostomy E1, and E2. They were treated with si ligation of cystic in two cases, anastomosis in seven cases. The remaining fifteen cases with hepaticojejunostomy .Conclusions: The risk is more proximally. After complex injuries diversion is the best while with simple end to end was acceptable. The insertion of stents has to be individualized according to the situations of each patients and the experience of each surgeon

Risk definition in Laparoscopic versus Open Cholecystectomy

Nothing without risk. As cholecystectomy is one of the most common procedures, any minor risk will be a mass volume. This study was to define the magnitude of that risk. In the study were 1486 patients between Feb. 2009 and April. 2018. Open in 292 (19.6%), 1194 (80.4%) laparoscopically, 1086 [91%] completed so and 108 (9%) converted. There were 18 (1.2%) with bile duct injury. 1 (0.3%) in the open group and 17 (1.4%) in the laparoscopic group. 9 diagnosed during surgery, 4 with jaundice, 2 early and 2 late, 5 with leak. Statistically the operative injury is insignificance in the 2 groups (P<0.3). The jaundice was significantly high in the laparoscopic group of patients (P<0.045). Also the bile leak (P<0.028). The same for morbidity (P<0.01. The revers was for mortality (P<0.04). Conclusion: The incidence of CBD injury in the literature is less than the actual rate. Laparoscopic interventions have a higher rate of injury and the proximal ducts are at higher risk

Trans Abdominal Pre-Peritoneal (TAPP) mesh for Inguinal Hernia Repair with External Fixation [Abdelhamid Technique], Outcome Assessment

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of Abdelhamid technique in treatment of inguinal hernia to conventional TAPP with mesh stapling, Prolene hernia system (PHS) and Lichtenstein repair. Background: the mesh is applied and fixed externally aiding in decreasing port size and cost. There is controversy concerning the necessity of securing the mesh during laparoscopic TAPP repair. Patients: The study was carried out at the faculty of medicine – Beni Suef University, Egypt from September 2008 to April 2018. 672 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia participated in the study. 432 were treated using Abdelhamid Technique, 382 of which were unilateral primary inguinal hernia and 50 were unilateral recurrent. 50 patients were treated using Prolene Hernia System (PHS). 50 patients with recurrent hernias were treated using Lichtenstein repair and 140 patients went TAPP with mesh stapling. Results: Abdelhamid technique showed more cost effectiveness than stapling (1800$vs 3000$) , pronounced less recurrence rate in comparison with Liechtenstein and PHS (2% vs 4%), same LOS compared to other techniques and mean operative time of 76 minutes which is longer than stapling (60 mins), Liechtenstein (65 mins) and PHS (55 mins). Conclusion: Abdelhamid technique was a more lengthy operation costing more than open surgery but less than mesh stapling. The recurrence rate is considerably reduced with shorter recovery period. The technique is done with smaller port size that leads to cost reductio