42 research outputs found
Azimuthal Charged-Particle Correlations and Possible Local Strong Parity Violation
Parity-odd domains, corresponding to nontrivial topological solutions of the QCD vacuum, might be created during relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These domains are predicted to lead to charge separation of quarks along the system’s orbital momentum axis. We investigate a three-particle azimuthal correlator which is a P even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge separation effect. We report measurements of charged hadrons near center-of-mass rapidity with this observable in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at √sNN=200 GeV using the STAR detector. A signal consistent with several expectations from the theory is detected. We discuss possible contributions from other effects that are not related to parity violation
Micromechanical Relations for Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the Free Transverse Shear Approach
Relationship Between Phosphodiesterase Inhibition Induced by Several Kampo Medicines and Smooth Muscle Relaxation of Gastrointestinal Tract Tissues of Rats
Three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis reveals ethnic dimorphism in the shape of the femur
UDP-glucose promotes neutrophil recruitment in the lung
In addition to their role in glycosylation reactions, UDP-sugars are released from cells and activate widely distributed cell surface P2Y(14) receptors (P2Y(14)R). However, the physiological/pathophysiological consequences of UDP-sugar release are incompletely defined. Here, we report that UDP-glucose levels are abnormally elevated in lung secretions from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) as well as in a mouse model of CF-like disease, the βENaC transgenic (Tg) mouse. Instillation of UDP-glucose into wild-type mouse tracheas resulted in enhanced neutrophil lung recruitment, and this effect was nearly abolished when UDP-glucose was co-instilled with the P2Y(14)R antagonist PPTN [4-(piperidin-4-yl)-phenyl)-7-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-2-naphthoic acid]. Importantly, administration of PPTN to βENaC-Tg mice reduced neutrophil lung inflammation. These results suggest that UDP-glucose released into the airways acts as a local mediator of neutrophil inflammation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11302-016-9524-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users