Sub-lethal toxicity of chlorpyrifos on Common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758): Biochemical response

Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, is widely used to control pests in agriculture farms and orchards of fruit trees. In this study, the fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos which were determined based on numerical value of 96 h LC50. Blood was sampled after 10, 20 and 30 days and biochemical parameters including glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acetylcholinsetrase (AChE) activities were measured. Behavioral changes in the fish were also recorded during the experiment. Unbalanced swimming, swimming in the surface water and hyperglycemia, increased blood triglyceride, and increased levels of AST, LDH and CK activities as well as decreased levels of AChE activity were important changes that were observed in the specimens exposed to chlorpyrifos during experimental periods. The most important alterations in the blood biochemical parameters were measured in the specimens exposed to 40 µg/L chlorpyrifos on the 20th and 30th day of the trial. In conclusion, results of the present study indicated that exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos as low as 40 µg/L may cause biochemical and behavioral changes in Cyprinus carpio

INTOLERANSI KAUM PURITAN PADA MASA KOLONIAL DI AMERIKA: DITINJAU DARI FILM THE SCARLET LETTER DAN THE CRUCIBLE (The Puritan Intolerance in the Colonial Period in America: as Reflected in The Scarlet Letter and The

The study discusses Puritans migration process and religious intolerance toward people of different divinity in American society, particulary in the 19 and 20 century. This study employs library research in which the data were gathered from some sources: books, journals, novels, films, and internet. Besides, this study was conducted under interdisciplinary approach such as historical, cultural, sociological, and micro to macro. The result of this study shows that the migration of Puritan society occured because they opposed absolute power of government and church. Having settled in Massachusetts, America in order to find the religious free¬dom, the Puritan started to exploit other\u27s religious freedom. Thus, the Puri¬tan democracy left in paradox. Hawthorne and Miller criticized the Puritan through their literary work. The Puritan hunted, exiled, executed people who did not have the same belief as they were. This kinds of ethic were against American\u27s democracy, equality, and freedom as written in the Declaration of Independence. Hawthorne and Miller also interpreted that religious behaviorevery¬one has a different belief although if s in the same religion. Thus, the Puritan intolerance indicated the tyranny behavior in the states which appreciate democracy and freedom for human being as a God creation. Keywords: Puritan - religious intoleranc

Factors Associated with Patient Visits to the Emergency Department for Asthma Therapy in Jordan

This study aimed at analyzing the factors associated with patient visits to the emergency department for asthma therapy in Jordan, by attempting to answer the study questions: What are the factors associated with patient visits to the emergency department for asthma therapy in Jordan University Hospital, and king Abdullah Hospital in Jordan? And how to reduce the use of the emergency departments for asthma treatment as a major goal of asthma management? This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 on 400 patients reporting to the ED of two hospitals (Jordan University Hospital and King Abdullah Hospital. The researchers adopted the descriptive methodology by adopting the questionnaires as the study tool and data collection

Water desalination and purification using desalination units powered by solar panels

One of the problems of the south area in Iraq is the reduced of quantity and the lack of quality of the supplied water, especially in the remote areas. This problem is caused due to many reasons. One of these reasons is the decrease of supplied electricity, which reflected on the performance of water pumping and desalination stations. This paper presenting a project that presented to municipality of Al-Nasiriya city to overcome the problem of the lack in quantity and quality of the supplied water to some villages that remote from the center of the city, through the use of complex modules that consists of small renewable power station with desalination unit. The project goes through some stages starting from collecting the data that related to the aim of the project like; sun radiation level, wind speed, dust quantity, quality and quantity of the presented water, and the type of activity in the area. The collected data were analyzed and evaluated and then the decision comes to execute three complex modules in three locations, powered by small solar energy unit in each. The operation of these modules gives good results, where they offers an acceptable quality with sufficient quantity of water and this an encourage results to populate this experiment in remote areas

The protective effects of adenosine deaminase inhibitor and ouercetin against hepatocellular carcinoma induced by thioacetamide in male rats via downregulation of iNOS, Ki67 and Pan-CK

The liver is the largest and most vulnerable organ in the body, several factors can cause liver cirrhosis and the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to investigate the possibility for adenosine deaminase inhibitor (EHNA) which reduces liver injury, neutrophil infiltration and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and also it is considering as a target of liver cirrhosis and beginning of hepatocellular carcinoma protective, quercetin which is one of the most common flavonoids has an antioxidant, antitumor and chemopreventive effect on the liver-induced preneoplastic lesions and their combination against thioacetamide as a hepatotoxic and a carcinogenic compound. Biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out on male albino rats model to evaluate this possibility. Thioacetamide-treated rats showed a significant increase in liver function tests, alpha-fetoprotein level, expression of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthesis (iNOS), Ki67 and Pan-Cytokeratin (Pan-CK) in hepatic tissue of rats. The results of the present study show that treatment with quercetin, EHNA or their combination attenuated changes in liver functions, histopathological changes, reduced collagen deposition and decreased the expression of iNOS, Ki67 and Pan-CK induced by thioacetamide

Geoecology Identification Using Landsat 8 for Spatial Planning in North Sulawesi Coastal

Abstract Geoecology is a landscape study combined with the social and environmental aspect. The study aims to identify Geoecology of coastal Manado, North Sulawesi. Identification of coastal Geoecology using Landsat 8 supported by SRTM. Data was collected by field survey and taking aerial photo using UAVs. The field survey was conducted to capture the documentation and in-depth interviews. The research method is the interpretation of remote sensing imagery. Data from image interpretation collaborated with field survey data. The results showed that there are three types of coastal that is sandy, rocky and muddy. The sandy comes from karst hills and volcanoes. The rocky and karst hills come from volcanic material that has the character of a big wave. The muddy affected by the presence of the river that carries materials from structural hills. Geoecology based coastal area management is expected to be instrumental in structuring regional integrated and planned.Key words: Geoecology, Landsat, Coastal, North Sulawes

Evaluation of the Effects of Surgical Varicocelectomy on the Seminal Fluid Parameters in Patients with Clinical and Subclinical Varicocele

Backgound: Varicoceles defined as abnormally dilated testicular veins (pampiniform plexus) of in the scrotum and it is found in approximately 15% of the general population and associated with adverse effects on the seminal fluid and fertility. According to size of that blood vessels; the varicocele is divided into clinical that are discovered in physical examination and subclinical that are only discovered by Doppler examination. It is well known that clinical varicocele affect the seminal fluid and always treated surgically as a part of treatment of infertility or because of pain or cosmetic purpose but the controversy is about the cases of subclinical varicocele and the indication of surgery and its outcome. Objective: To assess the effects of varicocelectomy on the seminal fluid parameters of patients with clinical and subclinical varicoceles. Patients and method: 80 infertile patients with varicocele included in this study 50 had clinical and 30 had subclinical diagnosed by Doppler study. Two seminal analyses were done from the patients, one before and the other 3 to 6 months after varicocelectomy. Results: a significant improvement in the sperms count was found after the operation in both clinical and subclinical varicocele but the sperm motility percentage seems to be not affected in patients with subclinical varicocele unlike the clinical cases that showed a significant improvement after varicocelectomy. There was a non-significant decrease in the percentage of sperms with abnormal morphology in both cases. Conclusion: varicocelectomy is indicated and had good outcome on the seminal fluid parameters in cases of clinical varicocele while in cases of subclinical varicocele it should be recommended only in patients with low sperm count and assisted reproductive technique must be suggested in cases of poor motility or high percentage of abnormal sperms

Volatility contagion between cryptocurrencies, gold and stock markets pre-and-during COVID-19: evidence using DCC-GARCH and cascade-correlation network

JEL Classification: C45; D53; E42; G10Availability of data and materials: The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.The rapid rise of Bitcoin and its increasing global adoption has raised concerns about its impact on traditional markets, particularly in periods of economic turmoil and uncertainty such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the extent of the volatility contagion from the Bitcoin market to traditional markets, focusing on gold and six major stock markets (Japan, USA, UK, China, Germany, and France) using daily data from January 2, 2011, to June 2, 2022, with 2958 daily observations. We employ DCC-GARCH, wavelet coherence, and cascade-correlation network models to analyze the relationship between Bitcoin and those markets. Our results indicate long-term volatility contagion between Bitcoin and gold and short-term contagion during periods of market turmoil and uncertainty. We also find evidence of long-term contagion between Bitcoin and the six stock markets, with short-term contagion observed in Chinese and Japanese markets during COVID-19. These results suggest a risk of uncontrollable threats from Bitcoin volatility and highlight the need for measures to prevent infection transmission to local stock markets. Hedge funds, mutual funds, and individual and institutional investors can benefit from using our findings in their risk management strategies. Our research confirms the utility of the cascade-correlation network model as an innovative method to investigate intermarket contagion across diverse conditions. It holds significant implications for stock market investors and policymakers, providing evidence for potentially using cryptocurrencies for hedging, for diversification, or as a safe haven.Brunel Research Initiative and Enterprise Fund to FD

Synthesis of some new 4-(2,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-2H-phthalazinone derivatives

Aroylation of m-xylene by phthalic anhydride under Friedel craft’s reaction conditions to afford the corresponding o-aroylbenzoic acid derivative (2), which followed by cyclization reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to produce the correlating benzoxazinone derivative (3), which was utilized as a precursor for the formation of some novel phthalazinone derivatives (4˗6). This transformation was achieved by interactions with thiosemicarbazide, thiocarbohydrazide, and hydrazine monohydrate and/or ammonium acetate under suitable conditions. 4-Substituted-1(2H)- phthalazinone derivative (6), which undergoes N-alkylation using ethyl bromoacetate to produce the phthalazinone acetic acid ethyl ester derivative (7), that followed by the interaction with hydrazine monohydrate to afford the phthalazinone acetic acid hydrazide derivative (8). The latter product was conducted with different aromatic acid compounds in presence of POCl3, to give the correlating oxadiazoles (9,10). The chemical structures of all the synthesized compounds are confirmed using physical and spectral data analyses like FT- IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy

A Geometric Approach to CP Violation: Applications to the MCPMFV SUSY Model

We analyze the constraints imposed by experimental upper limits on electric dipole moments (EDMs) within the Maximally CP- and Minimally Flavour-Violating (MCPMFV) version of the MSSM. Since the MCPMFV scenario has 6 non-standard CP-violating phases, in addition to the CP-odd QCD vacuum phase \theta_QCD, cancellations may occur among the CP-violating contributions to the three measured EDMs, those of the Thallium, neutron and Mercury, leaving open the possibility of relatively large values of the other CP-violating observables. We develop a novel geometric method that uses the small-phase approximation as a starting point, takes the existing EDM constraints into account, and enables us to find maximal values of other CP-violating observables, such as the EDMs of the Deuteron and muon, the CP-violating asymmetry in b --> s \gamma decay, and the B_s mixing phase. We apply this geometric method to provide upper limits on these observables within specific benchmark supersymmetric scenarios, including extensions that allow for a non-zero \theta_QCD.Comment: 34 pages, 16 eps figures, to appear in JHE