Rre37 stimulates accumulation of 2-oxoglutarate and glycogen under nitrogen starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

AbstractRre37 (sll1330) in a cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 acts as a regulatory protein for sugar catabolic genes during nitrogen starvation. Low glycogen accumulation in Δrre37 was due to low expression of glycogen anabolic genes. In addition to low 2-oxoglutarate accumulation, normal upregulated expression of genes encoding glutamate synthases (gltD and gltB) as well as accumulation of metabolites in glycolysis (fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (oxaloacetate, fumarate, succinate, and aconitate) were abolished by rre37 knockout. Rre37 regulates 2-oxoglutarate accumulation, glycogen accumulation through expression of glycogen anabolic genes, and TCA cycle metabolites accumulation

Removal of accidentally ingested large foreign object via the anus after watchful waiting

One of the commonest complaints, for which a patient arrives in hospitals, is the presence of foreign body. It could be due to accidental ingestion or any other cause which leads to presences of a foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that foreign objects larger than 5–6 cm in size are unlikely to pass through the duodenum. Here, we describe a case wherein the patient accidentally swallowed a 7-cm-sized mouthguard that could not be removed by emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy but was subsequently removed via the anus after a period of watchful waiting

STUDIES ON THE CHANGE OF TUBERCULIN REACTION REPEATEDLY EXAMINED AT THE SAME SITE OF THE SKIN OF A BCG VACCINATED GROUP OF SCHOOL CHILDREN : 1. RESULTS OBTAINED 1 AND 3 MONTHS AFTER BCG VACCINATION

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。Tuberculin reaction was successively examined using 2000 times diluted old tuberculin one and three months after BCG vaccination in school children. The second tuberculin test (3 months after vaccination) was done on the same site as the first test in the left forearm and on the different site in the right forearm. The results were read after 24 and 48 hours. (1) On the repeated sites of the left forearm the reaction appeared and decreased its intensity faster than the new sites of the right forearm (accelerated reaction). Moreover, the reaction of the repeated sites was stronger than the new sites (augmented reaction). (2) The tuberculin tests done in negative stadium do not influence the mode of reaction after the acquisition of allergy. (3) Both accelerated and augmented reactions appear at the second tuberculin test (the first repetition) on the same site

STUDIES ON THE CHANGE OF TUBERCULIN REACTION REPEATEDLY EXAMINED AT THE SAME SITE OF THE SKIN OF A BCG VACCINATED GROUP OF SCHOOL CHILDREN : 2. RESULTS OBTAINED 6 AND 12 MONTHS AFTER BCG VACCINATION, ESPECIALLY "L" REACTION

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。Continued from the previous report, tuberculin reaction was examined 6 and 12 months after BCG vaccination (the second and the third repetition at the repeated site, respectively). 1) Accelerated and augmented reaction was also remarkably observed in the second and the third repetition. 2) In the second repetition the grade of acceleration and augmentation became stronger than the first repetition. Subsequent process is now under investigation. 3) The positive rate in redness was lower but the induration rate was conversely higher about 20% at the new site than at the repeated site on and after the second repetition. 4) The reaction of which color tone was not fresh red as had formerly been seen but differently colored (for example, livid red, pale brown or only pigmentated and so on) and the margin of the reacted area was not discernible from the unreacted area was named as "L" reaction. The appearance rate of "L" reaction increased rapidly at the second repetition compared to the first and more than 90% of the reaction had "L" color tone. 5) It may be considered that "L" reaction is specific and related to the acceleration in reaction in consequence of the repetition of the tuberculin reaction; that is, "L" color tone appears just before the tuberculin reaction decreases and then disappears with lapse of time and at the repeated site it is observed as early as at 48 hours because the accelerated tuberculin reaction disappears faster. Accordingly, the reactions in which "L" color tone is observed at 48 hours are generally weak, but "L" color tone itself is not essentially related to the intensity of the reaction

STUDIES ON THE CHANGE OF TUBERCULIN REACTION REPEATEDLY TESTED AT THE SAME SITE OF THE SKIN OF A BCG VACCINATED GROUP OF SCHOOL CHILDREN : 3. RESULTS OBTAINED 18,24 AND 30 MONTHS AFTER BCG VACCINATION

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。Continuing previous investigations the tuberculin reaction was examined 18,24 and 30months after BCG vaccination (the fourth, the fifth and the sixth repetition at the same site, respectively). 1) Accelerated and augmented reaction was marked on the fourth, the fifth and the sixth repetition. 2) In the BCG vaccinated group the accelerated reaction was not observed at the new site even when the tuberculin injection was repeated

Fate of lignin and polysaccharides components in rice straws following dilute acid pretreatment.

<p>Lignin aromatic regions were retained in the acid insoluble residues. Starch-derived components positively affected glucose, 5-HMF, and formate concentrations in the liquid hydrolysate.</p

Variations in the lignin and polysaccharide components in the 13 cultivars of rice straw.

<p>(A) Relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2D ¹H-¹³C HSQC-NMR peak intensities of raw biomass and the corresponding acid-insoluble residue (after dilute acid pretreatment) for the 13 cultivars of rice straw. ROI for which the RSD was <10.0 are indicated in blue and those for which the RSD was >2.0 are indicated in red. Fold-change increase or decrease is indicated by the shade of red or blue according to the scale bar. (B) Distribution of RSD values for raw biomass (blue) and acid-insoluble residue (red).</p