Modelación de parametros genéticos mediante regresión aleatoria en búfalos lecheros

The Random regression models (RRM) for genetic evaluation in dairy cattle consider individual lactation curves as deviations from the mean, using ordinary polynomials of linear functions. A total 5386 milk yields records were analyzed, corresponding to1,546 first lactations of crossbred buffalo cow, daughters of 30 bulls and 446 cows, between 1998 and 2005. Variance components were estimated using the statistical package WOMBAT. The model included as random additive genetic effects and permanent environmental as fixed effects of contemporary groups (month and year of the control) and age of the cow at calving (quadratic effect). The residual variances were modeled using classes residual variance with 4 classes. The results of the Akaike information criterion and Schwarz Bayesian, suggested that consider the 7th model order Legendre polynomial for the additive effect and 6th order polynomial for the permanent environmental effect was the best. The Heritabilities ranged from 0.10 to 0.33 throughout lactation. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that RRM are appropriate to study the lactation curve in dairy buffaloes in this herd.Los modelos de regresión aleatoria (MRA) son utilizados para estudiar las curvas de lactancia individuales como desvíos de la media, mediante el uso de polinomios ordinarios de funciones lineales. Fueron analizados 5.386 registros para La PDC de 1.546 primeras lactancias de búfalas mestizas, hijas de 30 toros y 446 búfalas, entre 1998 y 2005. Los componentes de varianza fueron estimados utilizando el paquete estadístico WOMBAT. El modelo incluyó como aleatorios los efectos genéticos aditivo y de ambiente permanente, como efectos fijos los grupos contemporáneos (mes y año del control) y edad de la búfala al parto (efecto lineal y cuadrático). Las varianzas residuales fueron modeladas utilizando clases de varianza con 4 clases residuales. Los resultados de los criterios de información de Akaike y de Bayesiano de Schwarz, sugirieron que el modelo que considero el 7 orden del polinomio de Legendre para el efecto aditivo y el 6 orden polinomial para el efecto de ambiente permanente fue el mejor. Las heredabilidades variaron desde 0,10 hasta 0,33 a lo largo de la lactancia. En conclusión, los MRA son apropiados para estudiar la curva de lactancia en búfalos lecheros en este rebaño

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum