Parallel plate wet denuder coupled ammonia transfer device-conductivity detector for near-real-time monitoring of gaseous ammonia

Gaseous ammonia (NH3) is a primary basic substance in the atmosphere, and its global emission has been increasing in recent decades. It is vital to continuously monitor the atmospheric NH3 to clarify the impact of NH3 on sensitive ecosystems. This paper proposes a simple gaseous NH3 monitor utilizing a parallel plate wet denuder (PPWD) and a conductometric flow injection analysis (FIA) with an ammonia transfer device (ATD). In the present study, water-soluble basic gases, NH3, are selectively detected by the conductivity detector (CD). The ATD-CD ammonium detector requires no coloring reagents commonly used in FIA. Five-day field measurement of ambient NH3 was successfully performed with 30 min time resolution. All the air samples over the observation period (n = 186) contained NH3 above the limit of quantification (11.4 nmol m−3). The NH3 data showed excellent agreement with the values using ion chromatography in the field measurements

Design and Implementation of a DMARC Verification Result Notification System

Damages caused by spoofed e-mails as sent from a bank, a public organization and so on become serious social problems. In such e-mails attackers forge the sender address to defraud receivers of their personal and/or secret information. As a countermeasure against spoofed e-mails, sender domain authentication methods such as SPF and DKIM are frequently utilized. However, since most spoofed e-mails do not include DKIM signature in their e-mail header, those e-mails cannot be authenticated by the conventional system. Additionally DKIM has a problem that cannot determine whether the attached signature is legitimate. In this paper, we propose a method to detect spoofed e-mails and alert the user without DKIM signature by utilizing DMARC and implement a system that sends DMARC verification results to receivers. By utilizing this system, the users can obtain alerts for spoofed e-mails that the existing systems cannot warn

EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF KNEE EXTENSOR AND PATELLAR TENDON DURING SQUATTING BY MUSCLE CONTRACTION SENSOR METHOD

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of muscle-tendon can* during squatting. Fourteen males were participated in this study. The muscle activities of knee extensor during squatting were measured by surface electrompgraphy. The mechanical prop@ of knee extensor and patellar tendon were measured using a muscle contraction (MC) sensor. Muscle activities of the knee exten- during squatting showed a significant correlation to the MC signal. The mechanical properties of the knee extensor and patellar tendon were closely related to the angle of the knee joint MC signals of knee extensor shaved a consistency on each muscle related to patellar tendon. From these results, it is considered, that the method using an MC sensor is effective for evaluating the changes in dynamic tension in muscle-tendon complex during squatting

Choquet integrals, Hausdorff content and fractional operators

It is shown that the fractional integral operator $I_{\alpha}$, $0<\alpha<n$, and the fractional maximal operator $M_{\alpha}$, $0\le\alpha<n$, are bounded on weak Choquet spaces with respect to Hausdorff content. We also investigate these operators on Choquet-Morrey spaces. These results are extensions of the previous works due to Adams, Orobitg and Verdera, and Tang. The results for the fractional integral operator $I_{\alpha}$ are essentially new.Comment: 12 page

Immunosuppression for islet transplantation.

The development by the Edmonton group of a sirolimus-based, steroid-free, low-tacrolimus regimen is a significant breakthrough that allows the rate of insulin independence after islet transplantation to increase from 13% to 80% at 1 year ; however, the rate is reduced to 50% at 3 years, attributed to prolonged tacrolimus exposure. Recently, immunosuppression agents such as cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and the novel agent FTY 720 have been used instead of tacrolimus. Lymphocytedepleting antibodies such as anti-thymocyte globulin, alemtuzumab, and hOKT3gamma 1 (ala, ala) have been launched, and a costimulatory blockade of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies and CTLA4-Ig will be attempted in the near future. Moreover, the potential of a novel immunosuppressing peptide could now be realized using new technology called the protein transduction system. In this review, we show some of the most recent contributions to the advancement of knowledge in this field

High Throughput Titration Based on Variable and Fixed Triangular Wave Controlled Flow Ratiometry with LED-Photodiode Detector

Unprecedented high throughput flow titration (maximally 43.1 titrations/min) has been realized by a triangular wave controlled flow ratiometry using an in-house LED-photodiode detector. The detector was fabricated mainly with quartz tubing, an LED, a photodiode and a DC power supply. While the total flow rate is held constant, a titrand (acid) is merged with a titrant (base) containing an indicator, the flow rate of which is linearly varied by the control voltage Vc supplied from a computer. Downstream, the intensity of the transmitted light is monitored with the detector and acquired in the computer as detector output voltage Vd. In the initial feedback-based mode, the lamp direction of Vc is changed from upward to downward, or vice versa, when the detector senses the equivalence point. In the subsequent fixed triangular wave controlled mode, the scan range and the scan rate of Vc are further limited and quickened, respectively, in order to increase the throughput rate. Equivalence point is determined by offsetting the effect of the lag time between the upstream merging and the downstream sensing. Although the present approach is an absolute method, calibration curves have been constructed for practical operation. The linearity of the curve is satisfactory (r2 › 0.993). The present method is well applicable to various titrations of acids and bases including acetic acid in commercial vinegars

Unprecedented High Throughput Titration by Feedback-Based and Subsequent Fixed Triangular Wave-Controlled Flow Ratiometry and Its Application to Quantification of Japanese Pharmacopoeia Drugs

Throughput rate of flow ratiometric titration has further been enhanced by shortening the lag time from the confluence of solutions upstream to the sensing of signal downstream and by optimizing analytical parameters. Feedback-based upward and downward scans of titrand/titrant flow ratio were repeated in order to offset the effect of the lag time and thus to locate the equivalence point. Subsequent faster fixed triangular wave-controlled scans in narrower range further increased the throughput rate. Analytical parameters such as scan rate and scan range were optimized. Maximally, 46.9 titrations/min was realized with reasonable precision (RSD = 1.79%). Applicability of the method to the quantitation of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia drugs (furosemide, isoniazid and prochlorperazine maleate) was verified, where the latter two drugs were determined by nonaqueous titrations