世界七カ国の乳児用調製粉乳中のリチウム含有量とリチウムの起源

The trace lithium content of infant formulas was determined by flame photometry using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame, after the decomposition of a sample with nitric-perchloric acid mixture. Infant formulas were divided into five groups; cow\u27s milk-based, goat-based, soy-based, special use (for allergy or diarrhea infants) formulas and milk-powder for cuisine; collected from seven countries of Japan, Korea, USA, Belgium, Spain, Canada and New Zealand. There was no variation in the lithium content of any formulas with four seasons during two years in New Zealand. In cow\u27s milk-based YIF (young infant formulas) lithium content was an almost same level 138ng/g as a mean in the range of 116〜159ng/g regardless of the country manufactured. The lithium content was apparently higher in FUF (follow-up formulas) than in YIF; 172 vs. 116ng/g in Japan, 174 vs. 132ng/g in Korea, 213 vs. 147 in USA. Same tendency was found in the different materials of goat-based formulas 243 vs. 176ng/g and soybased formulas 151 vs. 127ng/g in New Zealand. Daily dietary lithium intake fed on formulas was calculated to be 16μg/day for YIF and 21μg/day for FUF compared with 5〜7μg/day of that on human milk. On the other hand, origin of the lithium in formulas was analyzed to be depending on the impurities of their inorganic chemicals fortified to the formulas, from the constant ratio 3×10^ between lithium and calcium and from the same ratio value of chemicals.The trace lithium content of infant formulas was determined by flame photometry using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame, after the decomposition of a sample with nitric-perchloric acid mixture. Infant formulas were divided into five groups; cow\u27s milk-based, goat-based, soy-based, special use (for allergy or diarrhea infants) formulas and milk-powder for cuisine; collected from seven countries of Japan, Korea, USA, Belgium, Spain, Canada and New Zealand. There was no variation in the lithium content of any formulas with four seasons during two years in New Zealand. In cow\u27s milk-based YIF (young infant formulas) lithium content was an almost same level 138ng/g as a mean in the range of 116〜159ng/g regardless of the country manufactured. The lithium content was apparently higher in FUF (follow-up formulas) than in YIF; 172 vs. 116ng/g in Japan, 174 vs. 132ng/g in Korea, 213 vs. 147 in USA. Same tendency was found in the different materials of goat-based formulas 243 vs. 176ng/g and soybased formulas 151 vs. 127ng/g in New Zealand. Daily dietary lithium intake fed on formulas was calculated to be 16μg/day for YIF and 21μg/day for FUF compared with 5〜7μg/day of that on human milk. On the other hand, origin of the lithium in formulas was analyzed to be depending on the impurities of their inorganic chemicals fortified to the formulas, from the constant ratio 3×10^ between lithium and calcium and from the same ratio value of chemicals

化学溶出実験法による海水魚中のリチウムの存在状態解析

Lithium was contained rich in ocean sardine and anchovy; especially concentrated in the back-bone, head or gill of the fish, which were related with calcium as matrix components. In leaching experiments lithium was softly dissolved from the fish bone by shaking with a 0.1mol/l hydrochloric acid or a 0.1mol/l acetic acid solution after washing and removing the surface sea-water on the fish with water. The lithium leached in the acid solutions and remained to the residue was determined by flame photometry using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame, after the decomposition with nitric-perchloric acid mixture. In the gill, head and back-bone of anchovy, 73, 71 and 71% of total lithium were dissolved with 0.1mol/l hydrochloric acid, respectively. Same leaching results were obtained for calcium; 78〜84% of total calcium were also dissolved with the same leaching solution. The ratio of lithium and calcium dissolved in hydrochloric acid or acetic acid were almost constant to be 3〜8×10^ regardless of the sort of acid, the number of leaching fraction and the part of fish bone, and the ratio in the hydrochloric acid leaching was constant to be 7±2×10^. Those values was nearly equal to the ratio of 6±2×10^ (n=9) of total lithium content of anchovy. It was, therefore, supposed that lithium was existed in fish bone as calcium compounds which was likely apatite or calcite, or a part of total lithium presented as the complexing component with calcium, which was passed through the dialysis filter less than 10000 as molecular weight

食品、食塩、化学薬品及び炭酸塩鉱物中のリチウム含有量

The trace lithium content of different kinds of samples was determined by flame photometry using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame at the optimum instrumental conditions, after the decomposition of a sample with nitricperchloric acid mixture or the decomposition of a freeze-drying food sample with nitric-perchloric-hydrofluoric acid mixture. In the highpurity chemicals lithium content as impurity was considerably higher in calcium salt (metal: 39500ng/g, oxide: 21500ng/g, carbonate: 13700〜14400ng/g) than in magnesium (11〜67ng/g), sodium (198〜634ng/g) and potassium salt (196〜361ng/g). In the carbonate minerals the content was higher in aragonite (av. 21970ng/g) and calcite (av. 14100ng/g) than in dolomite (av. 9959ng/g) depending on calcium content as a matrix component. In the table-salt samples of sea-, lake- and rock-salt the content was 934, 724 and 870ng/g, respectively, and the lithium content was summarized to be 900ng/g as mean for all the 34 samples. In the rice the content was three times higher than in unpolished rice av. 12.7ng/g than in polished rice av. 5.2ng/g. Finally in the cow\u27s milk the content was almost constant to be av. 23.7ng/g regardless with the different fat-content, pasteurized temperature and manufactured district (Prefecture in Japan). In addition to an annual variation of the lithium content of a same brand of cow\u27s milk the content was also almost constant to be av. 24.3ng/g, regardless of four seasons.The trace lithium content of different kinds of samples was determined by flame photometry using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame at the optimum instrumental conditions, after the decomposition of a sample with nitricperchloric acid mixture or the decomposition of a freeze-drying food sample with nitric-perchloric-hydrofluoric acid mixture. In the highpurity chemicals lithium content as impurity was considerably higher in calcium salt (metal: 39500ng/g, oxide: 21500ng/g, carbonate: 13700〜14400ng/g) than in magnesium (11〜67ng/g), sodium (198〜634ng/g) and potassium salt (196〜361ng/g). In the carbonate minerals the content was higher in aragonite (av. 21970ng/g) and calcite (av. 14100ng/g) than in dolomite (av. 9959ng/g) depending on calcium content as a matrix component. In the table-salt samples of sea-, lake- and rock-salt the content was 934, 724 and 870ng/g, respectively, and the lithium content was summarized to be 900ng/g as mean for all the 34 samples. In the rice the content was three times higher than in unpolished rice av. 12.7ng/g than in polished rice av. 5.2ng/g. Finally in the cow\u27s milk the content was almost constant to be av. 23.7ng/g regardless with the different fat-content, pasteurized temperature and manufactured district (Prefecture in Japan). In addition to an annual variation of the lithium content of a same brand of cow\u27s milk the content was also almost constant to be av. 24.3ng/g, regardless of four seasons