2,217 research outputs found
Effects of laser wavelength and density scalelength on absorption of ultrashort intense lasers on solid-density targets
Hot electron temperatures and electron energy spectra in the course of
interaction between intense laser pulse and overdense plasmas are reexamined
from a viewpoint of the difference in laser wavelength. The hot electron
temperature measured by a particle-in-cell simulation is scaled by rather
than at the interaction with overdense plasmas with fixed ions,
where and are the laser intensity and wavelength, respectively.Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004,
Nice (France
Widely Extended [OIII] 88 um Line Emission around the 30 Doradus Region Revealed with AKARI FIS-FTS
We present the distribution map of the far-infrared [OIII] 88um line emission
around the 30 Doradus (30 Dor) region in the Large Magellanic Cloud obtained
with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer of the Far-Infrared Surveyor onboard
AKARI. The map reveals that the [OIII] emission is widely distributed by more
than 10' around the super star cluster R136, implying that the 30 Dor region is
affluent with interstellar radiation field hard enough to ionize O^{2+}. The
observed [OIII] line intensities are as high as (1-2) x 10^{-6} W m^{-2}
sr^{-1} on the peripheral regions 4'-5' away from the center of 30 Dor, which
requires gas densities of 60-100 cm^{-3}. However the observed size of the
distribution of the [OIII] emission is too large to be explained by massive
stars in the 30 Dor region enshrouded by clouds with the constant gas density
of 10^2 cm^{-3}. Therefore the surrounding structure is likely to be highly
clumpy. We also find a global correlation between the [OIII] and the
far-infrared continuum emission, suggesting that the gas and dust are well
mixed in the highly-ionized region where the dust survives in clumpy dense
clouds shielded from the energetic photons.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Publications of the
Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ
NIMA-related kinases regulate directional cell growth and organ development through microtubule function in Arabidopsis thaliana.
NIMA-related kinase 6 (NEK6) regulates cellular expansion and morphogenesis through microtubule organizaiton in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss-of-function mutations in NEK6 (nek6/ibo1) cause ectopic outgrowth and microtubule disorganization in epidermal cells. We recently found that NEK6 forms homodimers and heterodimers with NEK4 and NEK5 to destabilize cortical microtubules possibly by direct binding to microtubules and the β-tubulin phosphorylation. Here, we identified a new allele of NEK6 and further analyzed the morphological phenotypes of nek6/ibo1 mutants, along with alleles of nek4 and nek5 mutants. Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that NEK6 is required for the directional growth of roots and hypocotyls, petiole elongation, cell file formation, and trichome morphogenesis. In addition, nek4, nek5, and nek6/ibo1 mutants were hypersensitive to microtubule inhibitors such as propyzamide and taxol. These results suggest that plant NEKs function in directional cell growth and organ development through the regulation of microtubule organization
Training Generative Question-Answering on Synthetic Data Obtained from an Instruct-tuned Model
This paper presents a simple and cost-effective method for synthesizing data
to train question-answering systems. For training, fine-tuning GPT models is a
common practice in resource-rich languages like English, however, it becomes
challenging for non-English languages due to the scarcity of sufficient
question-answer (QA) pairs. Existing approaches use question and answer
generators trained on human-authored QA pairs, which involves substantial human
expenses. In contrast, we use an instruct-tuned model to generate QA pairs in a
zero-shot or few-shot manner. We conduct experiments to compare various
strategies for obtaining QA pairs from the instruct-tuned model. The results
demonstrate that a model trained on our proposed synthetic data achieves
comparable performance to a model trained on manually curated datasets, without
incurring human costs.Comment: PACLIC 2023 short paper, 4 pages (6 pages including references), 4
figure
Influence of Substrate Surface Roughness on Synthesized Diamond Films by Flame Combustion on Ti Substrate for Dental Implants
The flame combustion method enables the synthesis of diamonds via acetylene-oxygen gas flame combustion in ambient air, and this method has various advantages over other methods. However, most diamond films synthesized by this method delaminate because of thermal stress during cooling. Titanium (Ti) has recently been utilized as a dental implant in the dental industry. In this study, to improve the strength, wear resistance, and biocompatibility of dental implant surfaces, diamond films were synthesized on a Ti substrate, a dental implant material, by the flame combustion method. Moreover, to obtain high-quality diamond films and achieve good adhesion on the Ti substrate, as a pretreatment of the substrate to prevent delamination, scratch processing, in which a substrate is ground with emery paper in one direction, was performed to roughen the surface. The surface roughness of the Ti substrates was varied by scratching with emery paper of #180, #400, and #1500 grain sizes. According to these results, diamond films were synthesized on the Ti substrate surface by flame combustion. The surface morphology of the synthesized films could be altered by varying the scratching process using emery paper. Delamination of the synthesized films during the scratching process with emery paper #180 (Case A) and #400 (Case B) grain size was completely prevented. However, delamination occurred during the scratching process with a grain size of emery paper #1500 (Case C). To investigate the reason for this result, the surface roughness of the pretreated Ti substrate was observed, and it affected the surface roughness of pretreated Ti substrate affected the surface morphology and delamination of the synthesized diamond films
In vitro Effects of the Prolactin, Growth Hormone and Somatolactin on Cell Turnover in Fish Esophagus: Possible Mode of Opposite Osmoregulatory Actions of Prolactin and Growth Hormone
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