63 research outputs found
A DNA enzyme targeting Egr-1 inhibits rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by down-regulation of cyclin D1 and TGF-β1
Prevalence of Symptomatic Heart Failure with Reduced and with Normal Ejection Fraction in an Elderly General Population-The CARLA Study
Background/Objectives: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most important public health concerns in the industrialized world having increasing incidence and prevalence. Although there are several studies describing the prevalence of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) and heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) in selected populations, there are few data regarding the prevalence and the determinants of symptomatic heart failure in the general population. Methods: Cross-sectional data of a population-based German sample (1,779 subjects aged 45-83 years) were analyzed to determine the prevalence and determinants of chronic SHF and HFNEF defined according to the European Society of Cardiology using symptoms, echocardiography and serum NT-proBNP. Prevalence was age-standardized to the German population as of December 31st, 2005. Results: The overall age-standardized prevalence of symptomatic CHF was 7.7% (95%CI 6.0-9.8) for men and 9.0% (95%CI 7.0-11.5) for women. The prevalence of CHF strongly increased with age from 3.0% among 45-54- year-old subjects to 22.0% among 75-83- year-old subjects. Symptomatic HFREF could be shown in 48% (n = 78), symptomatic HFNEF in 52% (n = 85) of subjects with CHF. The age-standardized prevalence of HFREF was 3.8 % (95%CI 2.4-5.8) for women and 4.6 % (95%CI 3.6-6.3) for men. The age-standardized prevalence of HFNEF for women and men was 5.1 % (95%CI 3.8-7.0) and 3.0 % (95%CI 2.1-4.5), respectively. Persons with CHF were more likely to have hypertension (PR = 3.4; 95%CI 1.6-7.3) or to have had a previous myocardial infarction (PR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.8-3.5). Conclusion: The prevalence of symptomatic CHF appears high in this population compared with other studies. While more women were affected by HFNEF than men, more male subjects suffered from HFREF. The high prevalence of symptomatic CHF seems likely to be mainly due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in this population
MiR-126 and miR-126* regulate shear-resistant firm leukocyte adhesion to human brain endothelium
Leukocyte adhesion to brain endothelial cells, the blood-brain barrier main component, is a critical step in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Leukocyte adhesion is mediated mainly by selectins, cell adhesion molecules and chemokines induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IFNγ, but the regulation of this process is not fully clear. This study investigated the regulation of firm leukocyte adhesion to human brain endothelium by two different brain endothelial microRNAs (miRs), miR-126 and miR-126*, that are downregulated by TNFα and IFNγ in a human brain endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3. Using a leukocyte adhesion in vitro assay under shear forces mimicking blood flow, we observed that reduction of endothelial miR-126 and miR-126* enhanced firm monocyte and T cell adhesion to hCMEC/D3 cells, whereas their increased expression partially prevented THP1, Jurkat and primary MS patient-derived PBMC firm adhesion. Furthermore, we observed that miR-126* and miR-126 downregulation increased E-selectin and VCAM1, respectively, while miR-126 overexpression reduced VCAM1 and CCL2 expression by hCMEC/D3 cells, suggesting that these miRs regulate leukocyte adhesion by modulating the expression of adhesion-associated endothelial mRNA targets. Hence, human brain endothelial miR-126 and miR-126* could be used as a therapeutic tool to reduce leukocyte adhesion and thus reduce neuroinflammation
Population genomics of marine zooplankton
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bucklin, Ann et al. "Population Genomics of Marine Zooplankton." Population Genomics: Marine Organisms. Ed. Om P. Rajora and Marjorie Oleksiak. Springer, 2018. doi:10.1007/13836_2017_9.The exceptionally large population size and cosmopolitan biogeographic distribution that
distinguish many – but not all – marine zooplankton species generate similarly exceptional patterns of
population genetic and genomic diversity and structure. The phylogenetic diversity of zooplankton has
slowed the application of population genomic approaches, due to lack of genomic resources for closelyrelated
species and diversity of genomic architecture, including highly-replicated genomes of many
crustaceans. Use of numerous genomic markers, especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is
transforming our ability to analyze population genetics and connectivity of marine zooplankton, and
providing new understanding and different answers than earlier analyses, which typically used
mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers. Population genomic approaches have confirmed that,
despite high dispersal potential, many zooplankton species exhibit genetic structuring among geographic
populations, especially at large ocean-basin scales, and have revealed patterns and pathways of population
connectivity that do not always track ocean circulation. Genomic and transcriptomic resources are
critically needed to allow further examination of micro-evolution and local adaptation, including
identification of genes that show evidence of selection. These new tools will also enable further
examination of the significance of small-scale genetic heterogeneity of marine zooplankton, to
discriminate genetic “noise” in large and patchy populations from local adaptation to environmental
conditions and change.Support was provided by the
US National Science Foundation to AB and RJO (PLR-1044982) and to RJO (MCB-1613856); support to
IS and MC was provided by Nord University (Norway)
N-glycan PK Profiling Using a High Sensitivity nanoLCMS Work-Flow with Heavy Stable Isotope Labeled Internal Standard and Application to a Preclinical Study of an IgG1 Biopharmaceutical
A new chronobiological approach to discriminate between acute and chronic depression using peripheral temperature, rest-activity, and light exposure parameters
Glycosylation Profiling of Therapeutic Antibodies in Serum Samples Using a Microfluidic CD Platform and MALDI-MS
Using internal transcribed spacers for Calanoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) species identification
Relationship of extent and nature of dysfunctional myocardium to brain natriuretic peptide in patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction
We studied the relationship between brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and viable myocardium and ischemic myocardium, regional scar and regional contractile function. Fifty-nine patients underwent dobutamine echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging and resting BNP levels were determined. By magnetic resonance imaging, total extent of dysfunctional myocardium correlated strongest with BNP (r = 0.60, p < 0.0001). The extent of scar, viability and ischemia also correlated. At dobutamine echocardiography, a composite of dysfunctional and ischemic myocardium was the strongest correlate of BNP (r = 0.48, p < 0.0001), with less strong correlations by global parameters. The extent of dysfunctional myocardium, rather than its nature determines BNP levels
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