The role of commercialization of high technologies in scientific and production cooperation

The article reveals the role and importance of types of high-tech products, taking into account international practice, domestic official statistics and classification of goods of foreign economic activity. It is established that in some cases innovative and high-tech products are identified. It is revealed that currently the most high-tech is the production of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, the production of computers, electronic and optical products; production of various air and space aircraft. The key regional leaders in the production of high-tech products in the world by region are considered. Based on the results of the consideration of the content of the concepts “innovation” and “technology”, “commercialization of innovations” and “commercialization of high-tech products”, the author’s vision of interpretations is proposed, with the justification that innovativeness actually acts as an additional feature of high-tech products. A study of the types of commercialization of high-tech products was conducted, according to the results of which the author’s classification was proposed according to the content, level of efficiency, number of subjects of commercialization, geographical coverage of subjects of commercialization and methods of financing

Innovative platform for economic transformation agricultural sector of the Russian economy

The situation has developed in such a way that the development of any country in the world is impossible without the introduction of new technologies. However, a simple technological upgrade of individual enterprises or even industries may not create an economic system specializing specifically in innovation. Such a system should be based on institutional provisions that would encourage economic entities to reproduce their activities on the basis of modern technologies and innovations. As practice shows, in agriculture, the innovative way is the only possible one in modern conditions. This trend is primarily due to the fact that land resources are not unlimited, and labor is declining from year to year. Therefore, further growth in production volumes is possible only on the path of innovation and investment development. It is proved that the policy of territorial innovation clusters, the implementation of which contributes to the strengthening of positive institutional effects on an innovative basis, affects the harmonious innovative development of agricultural enterprises