Evaluating locational accessibility to the US air transportation system

Although there are hundreds of airports that support commercial air passenger traffic in the United States (US), not all areas are equivalently served by the commercial air transportation system. Locations in the US differ with respect to their level of access to the commercial air network and their overall accessibility within the system. Given the complexity of the domestic commercial air passenger network and supporting infrastructure, past research has only been able to provide a limited assessment of locational accessibility within the United States. To address these complexities, this paper proposes a new metric that incorporates measures of access to air transport as well as accessibility within air transportation networks. Using a comprehensive dataset on scheduled airline service, the developed approach is then applied to the US domestic commercial passenger air transportation network to explore geographic differentials in accessibility. Results suggest marked differences between core-based statistical areas throughout the US.Air travel Network analysis Spatial interaction Geographic inequities SRS

Evaluation of Topological Vulnerability of the Internet under Regional Failures

Part 2: WorkshopInternational audienceNatural disasters often lead to regional failures which can fail down network nodes and links co-located in a large geographical area. It will be beneficial to improve the resilience of a network by assessing its vulnerability under regional failures. In this paper, we propose the concept of α-critical-distance to evaluate the importance of a network node in the geographical space with a given failure impact ratio α. Theoretical analysis and a polynomial time algorithm to find the minimal α-critical-distance of a network are presented. Using real Internet topology data, we conduct experiments to compute the minimal α-critical-distances for different networks. The computational results demonstrate the differences of vulnerability of different networks. We also find that with the same impact ratio α, the studied topologies have smaller α-critical-distances when the network performance is measured by network efficiency than giant component size

Wired communities in the city: Sydney, Australia

Questions relating to the ability of particular groups in society to access information and communications technologies (ICTs) have become a growing part of the academic and policy literature. The issues raised in this literature have revolved around a number of themes, many of which can be subsumed under concerns about a growing digital divide whereby society is being divided into information rich and information poor sectors. This differentiation can be between particular social groups irrespective of place, or between people in particular places be these large regional areas (e.g. metropolitan versus non-metropolitan) or localities and communities within an urban area. This paper focuses on the existence of a ‘digital divide’ across the Sydney metropolitan area. Using ABS 2001 census data the paper presents an analysis of computer and internet access and use for clusters of local communities and focuses on how usage differs across communities as differentiated by socio-economic status, household and family status and ethnic background

The eGovernment Services Delivery of the Italian Municipalities

Part 2: Acceptance and DiffusionInternational audienceThis paper focuses on factors associated with the development of e-government services by local public administrations (PAs) in Italy. Using data from 1,176 municipalities in 2005, we show that the combination of internal competencies and context-specific factors is different when explaining decisions to start e-government activities vs. the intensity of such activities. Local PAs involved in e-government are larger, carry out more in-house ICT activities and are more likely to have intra-net infrastructures than PAs offering no digitized services. They are also located in regions having large shares of firms using or producing ICTs, where many other municipalities offer digitized services, and where population density is low. The range and quality of e-gov services increase with their stock of ICT competencies, their efforts to train workers, and their ability to organise interfaces with end-users. Moreover, the range and quality of services is correlated with the broadband infrastructure development of regions