27,785 research outputs found
Whatever It Takes: How and When Supervisor Bottom-Line Mentality Motivates Employee Contributions in the Workplace
Given that many organizations are competitive and finance centered, organizational leaders may lead with a primary focus on bottom-line attainment, such that they are perceived by their subordinates as having a bottom-line mentality (BLM) that entails pursuing bottom-line outcomes above all else. Yet, the field is limited in understanding why such a leadership approach affects employees’ positive and negative contributions in the workplace. Drawing on social exchange theory, we theorize that supervisors high in BLM can influence employees’ felt obligation toward the bottom line, which in turn can influence employees’ task performance and unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). We also examine employee ambition as a moderator of this process. Using three-wave, multisource data collected from the financial services industry, our results revealed that high-BLM supervisors elevate employee task performance as well as UPB by motivating employees’ felt obligation toward the bottom line. Furthermore, we found that employee ambition served as a first-stage moderator, such that the mediated relationships were stronger when employee ambition was high as opposed to low. Our findings break away from the dominant dysfunctional view of BLM and provide a more balanced view of this mentality
Analysis of pion elliptic flows and HBT interferometry in a granular quark-gluon plasma droplet model
In many simulations of high-energy heavy-ion collisions on an event-by-event
analysis, it is known that the initial energy density distribution in the
transverse plane is highly fluctuating. Subsequent longitudinal expansion will
lead to many longitudinal tubes of quark-gluon plasma which have tendencies to
break up into many spherical droplets because of sausage instabilities. We are
therefore motivated to use a model of quark-gluon plasma granular droplets that
evolve hydrodynamically to investigate pion elliptic flows and
Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry. We find that the data of pion transverse
momentum spectra, elliptic flows, and HBT radii in \sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV Au +
Au collisions at RHIC can be described well by an expanding source of granular
droplets with an anisotropic velocity distribution.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, in Late
Possibility of Unconventional Pairing Due to Coulomb Interaction in Fe-Based Pnictide Superconductors: Perturbative Analysis of Multi-Band Hubbard Models
Possibility of unconventional pairing due to Coulomb interaction in
iron-pnictide superconductors is studied by applying a perturbative approach to
realistic 2- and 5-band Hubbard models. The linearized Eliashberg equation is
solved by expanding the effective pairing interaction perturbatively up to
third order in the on-site Coulomb integrals. The numerical results for the
5-band model suggest that the eigenvalues of the Eliashberg equation are
sufficiently large to explain the actual high Tc for realistic values of
Coulomb interaction and the most probable pairing state is spin-singlet s-wave
without any nodes just on the Fermi surfaces, although the superconducting
order parameter changes its sign between the small Fermi pockets. On the other
hand the 2-band model is quite insufficient to explain the actual high Tc.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of the Intl. Symposium on
Fe-Oxypnictide Superconductors (Tokyo, 28-29th June 2008
Wong-Zakai approximation of solutions to reflecting stochastic differential equations on domains in Euclidean spaces II
The strong convergence of Wong-Zakai approximations of the solution to the
reflecting stochastic differential equations was studied in [2]. We continue
the study and prove the strong convergence under weaker assumptions on the
domain.Comment: To appear in "Stochastic Analysis and Applications 2014-In Honour of
Terry Lyons", Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistic
Biofilm Matrixome: Extracellular Components in Structured Microbial Communities
Biofilms consist of microbial communities embedded in a 3D extracellular matrix. The matrix is composed of a complex array of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that contribute to the unique attributes of biofilm lifestyle and virulence. This ensemble of chemically and functionally diverse biomolecules is termed the 'matrixome'. The composition and mechanisms of EPS matrix formation, and its role in biofilm biology, function, and microenvironment are being revealed. This perspective article highlights recent advances about the multifaceted role of the 'matrixome' in the development, physical-chemical properties, and virulence of biofilms. We emphasize that targeting biofilm-specific conditions such as the matrixome could lead to precise and effective antibiofilm approaches. We also discuss the limited knowledge in the context of polymicrobial biofilms, and the need for more in-depth analyses of the EPS matrix in mixed communities that are associated with many human infectious diseases.
Keywords: extracellular matrix; extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs); microenvironments; polymicrobial biofilm; spatial organization; virulence
Collective Antenna Effects in the Terahertz and Infrared Response of Highly Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays
We study macroscopically-aligned single-wall carbon nanotube arrays with
uniform lengths via polarization-dependent terahertz and infrared transmission
spectroscopy. Polarization anisotropy is extreme at frequencies less than
3 THz with no sign of attenuation when the polarization is perpendicular
to the alignment direction. The attenuation for both parallel and perpendicular
polarizations increases with increasing frequency, exhibiting a pronounced and
broad peak around 10 THz in the parallel case. We model the electromagnetic
response of the sample by taking into account both radiative scattering and
absorption losses. We show that our sample acts as an effective antenna due to
the high degree of alignment, exhibiting much larger radiative scattering than
absorption in the mid/far-infrared range. Our calculated attenuation spectrum
clearly shows a non-Drude peak at 10 THz in agreement with the
experiment.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
- …