Эластификация артериальной стенки под действием высокоинтенсивного низкочастотного ультразвука

A significant increase in the elasticity of the femoropopliteal artery segments in vitro was found as a result of the action of cavitation generated by powerful low-frequency (24–26 kHz) ultrasound introduced into the vessel by a flexible waveguide. The vessel elasticity was evaluated both by the deflection under the action of an external force and by the degree of its expansion vasodilatation by the internal pressure created by the expanding balloon. The possibility of achieving a more than two-fold decrease in the vascular wall elasticity modulus after 30-s exposure to an ultrasound intensity of 31 W/cm2 was shown. It has been established that at the 10 μm amplitude of ultrasonic vibrations, vascular wall damage occurs in the form of small foci of detachment and rupture of the intima accompanied by delamination in the media layer, when polymorphic slit-like cavities are formed with an increase in the amplitude of oscillations above 23 μm.Установлено существенное повышение эластичности бедренно-подколенных сегментов артерий in vitro в результате действия кавитации, генерированной мощным низкочастотным (24–26 кГц) ультразвуком, вводимым внутрь кровеносного сосуда гибким волноводом. Эластичность сосуда оценивалась как по прогибу под действием внешней силы, так и по степени его вазодилатации внутренним давлением, создаваемым расширяющимся баллоном. Показана возможность достижения более чем двукратного снижения модуля упругости сосудистой стенки после 30 с ультразвукового воздействия интенсивностью 31 Вт/см2. Установлено, что при амплитуде ультразвуковых колебаний 10 мкм имеет место повреждение сосудистой стенки в виде мелких фокусов отслоения и разрыва интимы, сопровождающееся расслоениями в медии с формированием полиморфных щелевидных полостей при увеличении амплитуды колебаний свыше 23 мкм

Meso- and macrozooplankton communities in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

The present paper describes composition and abundance of meso- and macrozooplankton in the epipelagic zone of the Weddell Sea and gives a systematic review of encountered species regarding results of earlier expeditions. Material was sampled from 6 February to 10 March 1983 from RV Polarstern with a RMT 1+8 m (320 and 4500 μm mesh size). In agreement with topography and water mass distribution three distinct communities were defined, clearly separated by cluster analysis: The Southern Shelf Community has lowest abundances (approx. 9000 ind./1000 m3). Euphausia crystallorophias and Metridia gerlachei are predominating. Compared with the low overall abundance the number of regularly occurring species is high (55) due to many neritic forms. Herbivores and omnivores are dominating (58% and 35%). The North-eastern Shelf Community has highest abundances (about 31 000 ind./1000 m3). It is predominated by copepodites I–III of Calanus propinquus and Calanoides acutus (61%). The faunal composition is characterized by both oceanic and neritic species (64). Fine-filter feeders are prevailing (65%). The Oceanic Community has a mean abundance of approximately 23 000 ind./1000 m3, consisting of 61 species. Dominances are not as pronounced as in the shelf communities. Apart from abundant species like Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, Oithona spp. and Oncaea spp. many typical inhabitants of the Eastwind Drift are encountered. All feeding types have about the same importance in the Oceanic Community