Body Height of Children with Bronchial Asthma of Various Severities

© 2017 Tatiana I. Eliseeva et al. Influence of bronchial asthma (BA) severity on physical development in children patients was evaluated in comparison with healthy population. Materials and Methods. 1042 children and adolescents (768 boys) with atopic BA were evaluated. All children underwent standard examination in a clinical setting, including anthropometry. The control group included 875 healthy children of a comparable age (423 boys). Results. The fraction of patients with the normal, lower, and increased height among the whole group of patients with BA is close to the corresponding values in the healthy population (χ 2 =3.32, p=0.65). The fraction of BA patients with the reduced physical development is increased monotonically and significantly when the BA severity increases: healthy group, 8.2% (72/875), BA intermittent, 4.2% (6/144), BA mild persistent 9% (47/520), BA moderate persistent, 11.7% (36/308), and BA severe persistent, 24.3% (17/70) (χ 2 =45.6, p=0,0009). Conclusion. The fraction of the children with the reduced height is increased monotonically and significantly in the groups of increasing BA severities. At the same time, the fraction of such children in groups of intermittent and mild persistent BA practically does not differ from the conditionally healthy peers

Композитный дренаж в хирургии глаукомы

PURPOSE: To assess the hypotensive effectiveness, frequency and nature of intra- and postoperative complications in patients with various clinical manifestations of refractory glaucoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 196 patients (196 eyes) with various forms, stages and clinical manifestations of glaucoma. There were 142 patients with primary glaucoma, among them 120 with open-angle glaucoma and 22 with angle-closure glaucoma. Among the patients with primary glaucoma, 85 had pseudophakia (77 with openangle and 8 with angle-closure forms); 57 had a native lens (43 with open-angle and 14 with angle-closure forms of the disease). Secondary glaucoma was presented mainly by patients with neovascular (21) and postuveal (16) glaucoma. The intraocular pressure (IOP) level in the group as a whole ranged from 16 to 50 mm Hg (on average 30.1±2.6 mm Hg). In all presented cases of surgical intervention, the Glautex drainage was used, which is a bioresorbable composite biomaterial based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (manufactured by “HiBiTech”, Russia). Standard methods of patient examination were used.RESULTS: In patients with POAG, the IOP averaged 13.7± 4.7 mm Hg one week after surgery and 16.1±3 mm Hg 12 months after surgery. The absolute success of the operation was noted in 71 patients with POAG (59.2%); the relative hypotensive effect — in 85.8%. In primary angle-closure glaucoma, the same indicators were 47.6 and 61.1%, respectively. In the group of patients with neovascular and postuveal glaucoma, the hypotensive effect was as expected lower and amounted to 42.8 and 50.0%, respectively. The restart of therapy at different periods of observation was done in 78.3%. Complications, their frequency and nature, noted by us in the operated patients, could be attributed to those typical for fistulizing operations in refractory glaucoma. The most common complication was ciliochoroidal detachment, which was seen in all groups, but percentage-wise was more common in patients with PACG, neovascular and postuveal glaucoma.CONCLUSION: Composite drainage based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (glautex) is an effective and safe solution to the issue of surgical treatment of glaucoma. The antihypertensive effectiveness of the Glautex drainage implant depends on the severity of the glaucomatous process and the timeliness of the surgical intervention. The frequency and nature of complications depends on the degree of refractoriness of glaucoma, initial clinical characteristics of the process, and patients' multimorbidity.ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить гипотензивную эффективность, частоту и характер интра- и послеоперационных осложнений у пациентов с различными клиническими проявлениями рефрактерной глаукомы.МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследование вошло 196 пациентов (196 глаз) с различными формами, стадиями и клиническими проявлениями глауком. С первичной глаукомой было 142 пациента, из них с открытоугольной формой — 120; с закрытоугольной — 22. Из числа больных с первичной глаукомой у 85 была псевдофакия (77 с открытоугольной и 8 с закрытоугольной формами); 57 имели нативный хрусталик (43 с открытоугольной и 14 — с закрытоугольной формами заболевания). Вторичная глаукома была представлена в основном пациентами с неоваскулярной (21) и постувеальной (16) глаукомой. Уровень внутриглазного давления (ВГД) в целом по группе колебался от 16 до 50 мм рт.ст. (в среднем 30,1±2,6 мм рт.ст.). Во всех представленных случаях хирургического вмешательства был использован дренаж Глаутекс, представляющий собой биорезорбируемый композитный биоматериал на основе полимолочной кислоты (полилактида) и полиэтиленгликоля (производство фирмы «HiBiTech», Россия). Использованы стандартные методы обследования пациентов.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой (ПОУГ) через неделю после операции уровень офтальмотонуса составил в среднем 13,7± 4,7 мм рт.ст. Через 12 мес. после операции уровень ВГД составил 16,1±3 мм рт.ст. Абсолютный успех операции был отмечен у 71 пациента с ПОУГ (59,2%); относительный гипотензивный эффект составил 85,8%. При первичной закрытоугольной глаукоме (ПЗУГ) эти же показатели составили 47,6 и 61,1% соответственно. В группе больных с неоваскулярной и постувеальной глаукомой гипотензивный эффект был ожидаемо ниже. Он составил 42,8 и 50,0% соответственно. Рестарт терапии в разные сроки наблюдения составил 78,3%. Осложнения, их частота и характер, отмеченные нами у оперированных больных, можно было отнести к типичным для операций фистулизирующего типа при рефрактерной глаукоме. Наиболее частым осложнением была цилиохориоидальная отслойка. Она диагностирована во всех группах, но в процентном отношении чаще встречалась при ПЗУГ, неоваскулярной и постувеальной глаукомах.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Композитный дренаж на основе полимолочной кислоты (полилактида) и полиэтиленгликоля (Глаутекс) является эффективным и безопасным решением вопроса хирургического лечения глауком. Гипотензивная эффективность при имплантации дренажа Глаутекс зависит от тяжести глаукомного процесса и своевременности выполнения хирургического вмешательства. Частота и характер осложнений зависят от степени рефрактерности глаукомы, основных исходных клинических характеристик процесса, полиморбидности пациентов

Программная иммуносорбция с регенерацией сорбционных колонок при лечении волчаночного нефрита

Programmed immunoadsorption (IA) with regeneration of adsoption columns is a promising and safe technique to treat lupus nephritis (LN) in case of ineffective immunosuppressive therapy and its severe adverse reactions. This technique makes it possible to control disease activity, to maintain kidney function, and to ensure a normal quality of life. Due to the reusability of IA columns, it is possible to remove any required amount of IgG and to reduce the cost of an extracorporeal procedure.The paper describes a clinical case of 3-year prolonged IA in a female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and LN with the insufficient efficacy of drug therapy and related complications. Seventy IA sessions were performed during a follow-up period. Combined treatment with glucocorticoids, cytotoxic drugs, and IA resulted in improved clinical and laboratory parameters, lower SLE activity according to SELENA-SLEDAI scores, and better quality of life according to the SF-36 scale. No adverse reactions were recorded during IA sessions.Программная иммуносорбция с регенерацией колонок (ИСр) – перспективный и безопасный метод лечения волчаночного нефрита (ВН) при недостаточной эффективности и выраженных неблагоприятных реакциях иммуносупрессивной терапии. Этот метод позволяет контролировать активность заболевания, сохранять функцию почек, обеспечивать нормальное качество жизни. Благодаря многоразовому использованию иммуносорбционных колонок можно удалить любое необходимое количество IgG и снизить себестоимость экстракорпоральной процедуры.Представлено клиническое наблюдение 3-летней пролонгированной ИСр у больной системной красной волчанкой (СКВ) и ВН с недостаточной эффективностью и осложнениями медикаментозной терапии. За период наблюдения выполнено 70 ИСр. На фоне комбинированного лечения с использованием глюкокортикоидов, цитотоксических препаратов и ИСр наблюдается улучшение клинических и лабораторных показателей, уменьшение активности СКВ по SELENA-SLEDAI, улучшение качества жизни по шкале SF-36. Неблагоприятных реакций при проведении процедур ИСр не зарегистрировано

Терапевтический аферез в комплексной патогенетической терапии анти-NMDA-энцефалита, ассоциированного с тератомой яичника на позднем этапе заболевания

Anti‑NMDA encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system caused by the synthesis of autoantibodies to the NR1/NR2 subunits of the NMDA receptor, characterized by the development of acute mental, cognitive, motor, autonomic disorders, epileptic syndrome and central hypoventilation.The article presents a three‑year observation of patient 34 years old with anti‑NMDA ncephalitis associated with late‑ stage ovarian teratoma, accompanied by an increase titer of antibodies to NMDA receptors in serum to 1:640.Based on a detailed analysis of clinical, neurological, neuropsychological (MMSE, MoСA, FAB, 10 words test A.R. Luria) and laboratory‑instrumental characteristics of the disease (titer anti‑NMDA, level of IgG, IgM, IgA, lymphocyte subpopulations, EEG, MRI of the brain, pelvis) suggested a combination scheme of first and second line therapy. The sequential use of two cycles of medium‑volume membrane plasmapheresis (25–30 % of the circulating plasma volume, No. 5 + 5) was carried out in combination with pulse therapy with methylprednisolone 1.0 (No. 4 + 3) and cyclophasphamide 1.0 (No. 2 + 1) on background of persistent ovarian teratoma. Symptom regression was achieved by the end of the first cycle, and full recovery to the initial level of cognitive functions occurred after the second cycle, while maintaining the anti‑NMDA antibody titer to 1:160. After removal of ovarian teratoma, the level of anti‑NMDA decreased in a month to 1:40, and after 7 months it reached normal values (<1:10) against the background of basic pill therapy with methotrexate 12.5 mg/week.Thus, a rational combination and sequence of first and second line therapy and therapeutic apheresis, taking into account the pathogenetic features of each phase of the disease, can quickly achieve complete stable remission in patient with anti‑NMDA encephalitis.Анти‑NMDA‑энцефалит является редким аутоиммунным заболеванием центральной нервной системы, обусловленным синтезом аутоантител к NR1/NR2‑субъединицам NMDA‑рецептора и характеризующимся развитием острых психических проявлений, когнитивных, двигательных, вегетативных расстройств, эпилептического синдрома и центральной гиповентиляции.В статье представлено 3‑летнее наблюдение пациентки 34 лет с клиническими проявлениями NMDA‑энцефалита, ассоциированного с тератомой яичника на поздней стадии заболевания, сопровождающегося повышением титра антител к NMDA‑рецепторам в сыворотке крови до 1:640.На основании детального анализа клинико‑неврологических, нейропсихологических (MMSE, МоСА, FAB, тест 10 слов А.Р. Лурия) и лабораторно‑инструментальных характеристик заболевания (титр анти‑NMDA, уровни IgG, IgМ, IgА, субпопуляционный состав лимфоцитов, электроэнцефалография (ЭЭГ), магнитно‑резонансная томография (МРТ) головного мозга, малого таза) применена схема комбинации средств 1‑й и 2‑й линий терапии. Проводилось последовательное применение 2 циклов мембранного среднеобъемного плазмафереза (25–30 % объема циркулирующей плазмы, №5 + 5) в сочетании с пульс‑терапией метилпреднизолоном 1,0 г (№4 + 3) и циклофосфамидом 1,0 г (№2 + 1) на фоне сохраняющейся тератомы яичника. Регресс симптоматики был достигнут к концу 1‑го цикла терапевтического афереза, а полное восстановление до исходного уровня когнитивных функций наступило после 2‑го цикла, при сохранении титра анти‑NMDA‑антител до 1:160. После удаления тератомы яичника уровень анти‑NMDA‑антител снизился за месяц до 1:40, а через 7 мес достиг нормальных значений (<1:10) на фоне базисной терапии метотрексатом в таблетках в дозе 12,5 мг/нед.Таким образом, рациональная комбинация и последовательность средств 1‑й и 2‑й линий терапии и терапевтического афереза с учетом патогенетических особенностей каждой фазы заболевания позволила быстро достичь полной устойчивой ремиссии у пациентки с анти‑NMDA‑энцефалитом на позднем этапе заболевания

Ultrafast laser micro-nano structuring of transparent materials with high aspect ratio

Ultrafast lasers are ideal tools to process transparent materials because they spatially confine the deposition of laser energy within the material's bulk via nonlinear photoionization processes. Nonlinear propagation and filamentation were initially regarded as deleterious effects. But in the last decade, they turned out to be benefits to control energy deposition over long distances. These effects create very high aspect ratio structures which have found a number of important applications, particularly for glass separation with non-ablative techniques. This chapter reviews the developments of in-volume ultrafast laser processing of transparent materials. We discuss the basic physics of the processes, characterization means, filamentation of Gaussian and Bessel beams and provide an overview of present applications

Composite drainage in glaucoma surgery

PURPOSE. To assess the hypotensive effectiveness, frequency and nature of intra- and postoperative complications in patients with various clinical manifestations of refractory glaucoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 196 patients (196 eyes) with various forms, stages and clinical manifestations of glaucoma. There were 142 patients with primary glaucoma, among them 120 with open-angle glaucoma and 22 with angle-closure glaucoma. Among the patients with primary glaucoma, 85 had pseudophakia (77 with openangle and 8 with angle-closure forms); 57 had a native lens (43 with open-angle and 14 with angle-closure forms of the disease). Secondary glaucoma was presented mainly by patients with neovascular (21) and postuveal (16) glaucoma. The intraocular pressure (IOP) level in the group as a whole ranged from 16 to 50 mm Hg (on average 30.1±2.6 mm Hg). In all presented cases of surgical intervention, the Glautex drainage was used, which is a bioresorbable composite biomaterial based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (manufactured by “HiBiTech”, Russia). Standard methods of patient examination were used. RESULTS.In patients with POAG, the IOP averaged 13.7± 4.7 mm Hg one week after surgery and 16.1±3 mm Hg 12 months after surgery. The absolute success of the operation was noted in 71 patients with POAG (59.2%); the relative hypotensive effect — in 85.8%. In primary angle-closure glaucoma, the same indicators were 47.6 and 61.1%, respectively. In the group of patients with neovascular and postuveal glaucoma, the hypotensive effect was as expected lower and amounted to 42.8 and 50.0%, respectively. The restart of therapy at different periods of observation was done in 78.3%. Complications, their frequency and nature, noted by us in the operated patients, could be attributed to those typical for fistulizing operations in refractory glaucoma. The most common complication was ciliochoroidal detachment, which was seen in all groups, but percentage-wise was more common in patients with PACG, neovascular and postuveal glaucoma.CONCLUSION. Composite drainage based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (glautex) is an effective and safe solution to the issue of surgical treatment of glaucoma. The antihypertensive effectiveness of the Glautex drainage implant depends on the severity of the glaucomatous process and the timeliness of the surgical intervention. The frequency and nature of complications depends on the degree of refractoriness of glaucoma, initial clinical characteristics of the process, and patients' multimorbidity.PURPOSE. To assess the hypotensive effectiveness, frequency and nature of intra- and postoperative complications in patients with various clinical manifestations of refractory glaucoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 196 patients (196 eyes) with various forms, stages and clinical manifestations of glaucoma. There were 142 patients with primary glaucoma, among them 120 with open-angle glaucoma and 22 with angle-closure glaucoma. Among the patients with primary glaucoma, 85 had pseudophakia (77 with openangle and 8 with angle-closure forms); 57 had a native lens (43 with open-angle and 14 with angle-closure forms of the disease). Secondary glaucoma was presented mainly by patients with neovascular (21) and postuveal (16) glaucoma. The intraocular pressure (IOP) level in the group as a whole ranged from 16 to 50 mm Hg (on average 30.1±2.6 mm Hg). In all presented cases of surgical intervention, the Glautex drainage was used, which is a bioresorbable composite biomaterial based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (manufactured by “HiBiTech”, Russia). Standard methods of patient examination were used. RESULTS.In patients with POAG, the IOP averaged 13.7± 4.7 mm Hg one week after surgery and 16.1±3 mm Hg 12 months after surgery. The absolute success of the operation was noted in 71 patients with POAG (59.2%); the relative hypotensive effect — in 85.8%. In primary angle-closure glaucoma, the same indicators were 47.6 and 61.1%, respectively. In the group of patients with neovascular and postuveal glaucoma, the hypotensive effect was as expected lower and amounted to 42.8 and 50.0%, respectively. The restart of therapy at different periods of observation was done in 78.3%. Complications, their frequency and nature, noted by us in the operated patients, could be attributed to those typical for fistulizing operations in refractory glaucoma. The most common complication was ciliochoroidal detachment, which was seen in all groups, but percentage-wise was more common in patients with PACG, neovascular and postuveal glaucoma.CONCLUSION. Composite drainage based on polylactic acid (polylactide) and polyethylene glycol (glautex) is an effective and safe solution to the issue of surgical treatment of glaucoma. The antihypertensive effectiveness of the Glautex drainage implant depends on the severity of the glaucomatous process and the timeliness of the surgical intervention. The frequency and nature of complications depends on the degree of refractoriness of glaucoma, initial clinical characteristics of the process, and patients' multimorbidity

Socio-economic methods of consolidated formations innovative activity management

Subsystems of social and economic development of businesses that are linked to innovation are considered in this article. The use of national development concepts considering the transformation of innovation systems can be based on both an individual and a collective activity of the personnel, namely on the so-called "socially-oriented market economy." The comparative socio-economic analysis, taking into account the development of innovative components of different companies, in order to determine the most effective is conducted