Molecular Weight, Protein Binding Affinity and Methane Mitigation of Condensed Tannins from Mangosteen-peel ()

The objectives of this study were to determine the molecular weight of condensed tannins (CT) extracted from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) peel, its protein binding affinity and effects on fermentation parameters including total gas, methane (CH4) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) production. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the purified CT was 2,081 Da with a protein binding affinity of 0.69 (the amount needed to bind half the maximum bovine serum albumin). In vitro gas production declined by 0.409, 0.121, and 0.311, respectively, while CH4 production decreased by 0.211, 0.353, and 0.549, respectively, with addition of 10, 20, and 30 mg CT/500 mg dry matter (DM) compared to the control (p<0.05). The effects of CT from mangosteen-peel on in vitro DM degradability (IVDMD) and in vitro N degradability was negative and linear (p<0.01). Total VFA, concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric and isovaleric acids decreased linearly with increasing amount of CT. The aforementioned results show that protein binding affinity of CT from mangosteen-peel is lower than those reported for Leucaena forages, however, the former has stronger negative effect on IVDMD. Therefore, the use of mangosteen-peel as protein source and CH4 mitigating agent in ruminant feed requires further investigations

Effect of replacing corn meal with passion fruit peel in laying hen feed

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of replacing corn meal with passion fruit peel on production performance in laying hens. Thirty experimental units (Sixty commercial breed laying hen) with initial body weight of 1.8 ± 0.01 kg were randomly assigned in randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experimental treatments were five different levels of passion fruit peel in the ration. The result showed that final body weight (BW) was significant different (P0.05) that decreasing when increase passion fruit peel in ration but the data show that cost of feed/egg 1 kg not decrease. Present data showed that passion fruit peel can replace corn meal up to 15% in diet which no effect on production performance of laying hens