13 research outputs found
Table_3_Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] Improvement: Current Status and Future Interventions of Whole Genome Sequence.DOCX
<p>The whole genome sequence (WGS) of the much awaited, nutrient rich and climate resilient crop, finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) has been released recently. While possessing superior mineral nutrients and excellent shelf life as compared to other major cereals, multiploidy nature of the genome and relatively small plantation acreage in less developed countries hampered the genome sequencing of finger millet, disposing it as one of the lastly sequenced genomes in cereals. The genomic information available for this crop is very little when compared to other major cereals like rice, maize and barley. As a result, only a limited number of genetic and genomic studies has been undertaken for the improvement of this crop. Finger millet is known especially for its superior calcium content, but the high-throughput studies are yet to be performed to understand the mechanisms behind calcium transport and grain filling. The WGS of finger millet is expected to help to understand this and other important molecular mechanisms in finger millet, which may be harnessed for the nutrient fortification of other cereals. In this review, we discuss various efforts made so far on the improvement of finger millet including genetic improvement, transcriptome analysis, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits, etc. We also discuss the pitfalls of modern genetic studies and provide insights for accelerating the finger millet improvement with the interventions of WGS in near future. Advanced genetic and genomic studies aided by WGS may help to improve the finger millet, which will be helpful to strengthen the nutritional security in addition to food security in the developing countries of Asia and Africa.</p
Table_2_Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] Improvement: Current Status and Future Interventions of Whole Genome Sequence.DOCX
<p>The whole genome sequence (WGS) of the much awaited, nutrient rich and climate resilient crop, finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) has been released recently. While possessing superior mineral nutrients and excellent shelf life as compared to other major cereals, multiploidy nature of the genome and relatively small plantation acreage in less developed countries hampered the genome sequencing of finger millet, disposing it as one of the lastly sequenced genomes in cereals. The genomic information available for this crop is very little when compared to other major cereals like rice, maize and barley. As a result, only a limited number of genetic and genomic studies has been undertaken for the improvement of this crop. Finger millet is known especially for its superior calcium content, but the high-throughput studies are yet to be performed to understand the mechanisms behind calcium transport and grain filling. The WGS of finger millet is expected to help to understand this and other important molecular mechanisms in finger millet, which may be harnessed for the nutrient fortification of other cereals. In this review, we discuss various efforts made so far on the improvement of finger millet including genetic improvement, transcriptome analysis, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits, etc. We also discuss the pitfalls of modern genetic studies and provide insights for accelerating the finger millet improvement with the interventions of WGS in near future. Advanced genetic and genomic studies aided by WGS may help to improve the finger millet, which will be helpful to strengthen the nutritional security in addition to food security in the developing countries of Asia and Africa.</p
Table_1_Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] Improvement: Current Status and Future Interventions of Whole Genome Sequence.DOCX
<p>The whole genome sequence (WGS) of the much awaited, nutrient rich and climate resilient crop, finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) has been released recently. While possessing superior mineral nutrients and excellent shelf life as compared to other major cereals, multiploidy nature of the genome and relatively small plantation acreage in less developed countries hampered the genome sequencing of finger millet, disposing it as one of the lastly sequenced genomes in cereals. The genomic information available for this crop is very little when compared to other major cereals like rice, maize and barley. As a result, only a limited number of genetic and genomic studies has been undertaken for the improvement of this crop. Finger millet is known especially for its superior calcium content, but the high-throughput studies are yet to be performed to understand the mechanisms behind calcium transport and grain filling. The WGS of finger millet is expected to help to understand this and other important molecular mechanisms in finger millet, which may be harnessed for the nutrient fortification of other cereals. In this review, we discuss various efforts made so far on the improvement of finger millet including genetic improvement, transcriptome analysis, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits, etc. We also discuss the pitfalls of modern genetic studies and provide insights for accelerating the finger millet improvement with the interventions of WGS in near future. Advanced genetic and genomic studies aided by WGS may help to improve the finger millet, which will be helpful to strengthen the nutritional security in addition to food security in the developing countries of Asia and Africa.</p
The details of biochemical pathways of putative candidate genes linked to the P starvation response in finger millet, based on the KEGG pathway database search.
<p>The details of biochemical pathways of putative candidate genes linked to the P starvation response in finger millet, based on the KEGG pathway database search.</p
Genotypes having low P tolerance responses with different combinations of traits for positive responses for all the traits.
<p>Genotypes having low P tolerance responses with different combinations of traits for positive responses for all the traits.</p
Number of significant hits obtained during cross genome synteny search for orthologous sequences of the QTLs related to traits associated to P starvation tolerance in finger millet.
<p>Number of significant hits obtained during cross genome synteny search for orthologous sequences of the QTLs related to traits associated to P starvation tolerance in finger millet.</p
Identification of optimum population structure using Evanno’s method.
<p>The Δ<i>K</i> values showed the highest peak corresponding to <i>K</i> = 3.</p
Pearson’s correlations among the predicted trait means under P<sub><i>suf</i></sub> (lower diagonal) and P<sub><i>def</i></sub> (upper diagonal) conditions.
<p>The diagonal values (bold) are the correlations between the P levels.</p
Venn diagram comparing the genotype list based on low P tolerance exhibited for traits SL, RL, RHD and RHL.
<p>The graphical comparison was analyzed based on genotypes’ performance for SL, RL, RHD and RHL under P<sub><i>def</i></sub>. The SDW and RDW were not used for graphical comparison. The graphical comparison identified 12 (9.40%) genotypes as low P tolerants, which produced higher values for traits SL, RL, RHD and RHL.</p
Analysis of variance for testing the significance for genotype, P level and interaction effects using linear mixed model.
<p>Analysis of variance for testing the significance for genotype, P level and interaction effects using linear mixed model.</p