ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH SITUATION IN RUSSIAN REGIONS

В статье анализируется состояние атмосферы и водных ресурсов в регионах РФ, степень их загрязнения и влияния на общественное здоровье.The article analyzes the contamination of water and atmospheric resources in regions of Russian Federation. Problems of influence of environmental factors on the health conditions of Russian citizens are also discussed

Public Health and Healthcare Reform in Russia

The article analyses the state of public health in modern Russia, the dynamics of demographic indicators, healthy life expectancy, primary and general morbidity, disability, mortality in infancy and working age. We also present comparisons using international statistics from the World Bank, the World Health Organization and the OECD. Further, we give the characteristic of the factors influencing public health in Russia. The article presents the results of Russian researchers of public health and their foreign colleagues, showing that most of the deaths and diseases of Russians are the result of an incorrect lifestyle. The most significant contribution to mortality and health deterioration has such phenomena as high blood pressure (which itself is a consequence of an unhealthy lifestyle), alcohol abuse, smoking and overweight. The most detailed attention we paid to the underfunding of the health care industry and the negative consequences of the process of its reform

ANALYSIS AND FORECAST OF ECOLOGICAL LOAD IN RUSSIA

The article presents an analysis of modern issues of environmental pollution in the Russian Federation: growth of the pollutants concentration in the atmosphere, decrease in the quality of water, growth in the annual production and consumption waste generation etc. The authors present the load forecast for water and atmospheric resources as well as projected trend of waste production for a period of 2016-2020, obtained using dynamic interindustry model with ecological block. Based on the forecast it is concluded that the growth of the environmental load will remain, and in order to prevent it the development of state ecological policies is required

Ecological situation and environmental protection policy in Russian regions

The present ecological situation and negative influence of ecological factors on public health in the Russian Federation are analysed in this article. Russia is one of the most polluted countries in the world, and the environmental problem is very important here. In spite of some decrease in pollution during the crisis period, nature does not have time to neutralize pollution accumulated before, and as a result, there is an increase in the pollution concentration. In 66 cities (40 million people) with excess 10 times and more than permitted maximum concentration level, the morbidity is above the average Russian level of 1.6 - 2 times. The forecast of emission according to the various scenarios of Russian development has been done: a pessimistic scenario with a slowdown in economic growth and an optimistic scenario with the acceleration of economic growth. The optimistic scenario is realized under the hypothesis about the oil prices increase and the real rouble exchange rate strengthening at the end of 2015, the revival of investment processes, the successful policy of import substitution, and the competent using of the instruments of monetary and fiscal policy. The pessimistic scenario is implemented under the assumption of negative economic tendency prolongation of 2014. For the forecast analysis, the dynamic inter-industry model with the ecological block was used. At the optimistic scenario implementation, the additional burden on the natural environment should be expected. The most important result of the research is the estimation of the rates of ecological payments which are necessary for performing the functions stimulating the environmental protection activity. The article presents the findings about the need to improve the institutional ecological structures, the scientific basis of pollution taxes, the introductions of the stimulating tools of the economic nature protection mechanism. The results presented in the article may be used both in elaborating the eco-economic forecasts of the development of Russia and as the information and analytical recommendations in developing the directions of the state and regional nature protection policy.Представлены результаты анализа состояния окружающей среды в регионах России. Предложены направления совершенствования природоохранной политики государства. Проанализирована современная система расчета экологических платежей

Lipid profile in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 depending on the outcome of its acute phase: data from the international registry "Dynamics analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 infection survivors"

Aim. To study the lipid profile in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) depending on the outcome of its acute phase according to the AKTIV international registry.Material and methods. The AKTIV registry included men and women over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of COVID-19, who were treated in a hospital. A total of 9364 patients were included in the registry, of which 623 patients were analyzed for levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides on days 1-2 of hospitalization. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was calculated using the Friedewald equation.Results. We found that a decrease in LDL-C level was significantly associated with an unfavorable prognosis for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. This pattern persisted in both univariate and multivariate analyses. LDL-C levels in the final multivariate model had a significant relationship with the prognosis (an increase in the death risk by 1,7 times with a decrease per 1 mmol/l). In addition, we found that the survival of patients with an indicator level of <2,45 mmol/l is significantly worse than in patients with an LDL-C level ≥2,45 mmol/l. All patients with high LDL-C ((≥4,9 mmol/l) survived, while among patients with low LDL-C (<2,45 mmol/l. All patients with high LDL-C ((≥4,9 mmol/l) survived, while among patients with low LDL-C (<1,4 mmol/l), mortality was 13,04%, which was significantly higher than in patients with LDL-C ≥1,4 mmol/l (6,32%, p=0,047).Conclusion. A decrease in LDL-C in the acute period is significantly associated with an unfavorable prognosis for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Determination of LDL-C can be included in the examination program for patients with COVID-19. However, the predictive value of this parameter requires further study in prospective clinical studies