33 research outputs found
The loss of P2X7 receptor expression leads to increase intestinal glucose transit and hepatic steatosis
In intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), it was reported that the activation of the P2X7 receptor leads to the internalization of the glucose transporter GLUT2, which is accompanied by a reduction of IEC capacity to transport glucose. In this study, we used P2rx7−/− mice to decipher P2X7 functions in intestinal glucose transport and to evaluate the impacts on metabolism. Immunohistochemistry analyses
revealed the presence of GLUT2 at the apical domain of P2rx7−/− jejunum enterocytes. Positron emission tomography and biodistribution studies demonstrated that glucose was more efciently delivered to the circulation of knockout animals. These fndings correlated with increase blood glucose,
insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels. In fact, P2rx7−/− mice had increased serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels and displayed glucose intolerance and resistance to insulin. Finally, P2rx7−/− mice developed a hepatic steatosis characterized by a reduction of Acaca, Acacb, Fasn and Acox1 mRNA
expression, as well as for ACC and FAS protein expression. Our study suggests that P2X7 could play a central role in metabolic diseases
The first two centuries of colonial agriculture in the cape colony: A historiographical review∗
Climatology of nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in the Central Pacific and South American sectors
We present occurrence rate statistics for nighttime medium-scale traveling
ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in the Central Pacific and South American
sectors using data collected by 630.0 nm filtered CCD imaging systems. The
data were collected from September 2006 through December 2012. In general,
the statistics are in good agreement with the basic linear theory of MSTIDs,
with observations coinciding with low F10.7A values, representative of solar
minimum. Overall, MSTIDs are observed in approximately 68% of the usable
nights near the solstices at mid-latitudes and approximately 20% of the
usable nights for equinox periods. Observations closer to the geomagnetic
equator yielded a maximum occurrence rate of about 10–20% during the
solstices and about 0–3% during the equinoxes. The lower number of MSTID
observations near the low latitudes is attributed to limitations of MSTID
growth rate, propagation, and/or geometrical observational effects. The
relatively large number of MSTID occurrences during the solstices can be
accounted for by the neutral wind contribution to the MSTID growth rate
either at the local or magnetic conjugate point