53 research outputs found

    Evaluation of the applicability of immunochromatography to the identification of live plague vaccines and the tularaemia allergen (Tularin)

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    The regulatory standards require that the identification of live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin) should be performed by immunofluorescence. A major drawback of the recommended method is its labour intensive nature. However, immunochromatography represents an alternative method that offers a number of advantages, including rapid testing and easy result interpretation.Β The aim of the study was to assess the applicability of immunochromatography to the identification of live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin).Materials and methods. The authors performed identification tests using samples of the pharmacopoeia standard for live plague vaccines, three commercial batches of a live plague vaccine, and two batches of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin). These samples were tested using immunochromatographic assay (ICA) reagent kits for rapid detection and identification of Yersinia pestis (ICA System for Y. pestis) and Francisella tularensis (ICA System for F. tularensis) manufactured by the State Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.Results. The findings show that immunochromatography is an effective, rapid, and species-specific method to confirm the presence of Y. pestis in a sample of a live plague vaccine or F. tularensis in a sample of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin). To perform identification tests by immunochromatography, the authors recommend diluting live plague vaccine samples to a concentration of 109 bacterial cells/mL and using undiluted samples of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin).Conclusions. The study results may support the inclusion of ICA into the regulatory standards for live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin) as an alternative identification method

    Using Shewhart charts to monitor quality characteristics of preventive vaccines for tuberculosis

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    Scientific relevance. The quality of medicinal products, particularly vaccines, is contingent on the stability of the manufacturing process at all stages, which can be evaluated using Shewhart charts for data obtained by monitoring the quality attributes of interest.Aim. This study evaluatedΒ the stability of the quality and manufacturing processes of the BCG and BCG-M tuberculosis vaccines using Shewhart charts.Materials and methods. This study focused on samples of the BCG tuberculosis vaccine and the BCG-M tuberculosis vaccine, a less reactogenic alternative for primary immunisation. Both vaccines were released to the market in 2019–2022. The quality of samples was assessed for stability based on their potency and total bacterial count, which are the key parameters for immunogenicity evaluation. These quality parameters were compared using test results submitted by the manufacturer and obtained at the testing centre. The authors plotted individuals charts (X-charts) and moving range charts (R-charts) in accordance with national standards GOST R 50779.42-99 and GOST R ISO 7870-2-2015.Results. The quality of the BCG and BCG-M vaccines remained stable during the entire follow-up period (2019–2022). For some periods, the retrospective analysis of R- and X-charts revealed characteristic trends meeting special cause criteria. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the data submitted by the manufacturer and the data obtained at the testing centre ranged from 0.2 to 0.8.Conclusions. The Shewhart charts demonstrated that the quality parameters of the BCG and BCG-M tuberculosis vaccines tested in 2019–2022 were stable. These vaccines had stable manufacturing processes, as shown by the R- and X-charts. However, the warning signs indicated that additional measures should be taken to standardise the manufacturing processes. The findings suggest that Shewhart charts may be recommended for monitoring the production and quality of tuberculosis vaccines

    Certification of a New Batch of the Industry Reference Standard for the Control of Specific Activity and Thermal Stability of Live Plague Vaccine

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    In accordance with the State Pharmacopoeia (SPh) requirements for live plague vaccine, a reference standard has to be used when testing the specific activity and thermal stability of plague vaccine commercial batches in order to assess the consistency and acceptability of the test results. Since there is no international reference standard for plague vaccine, the certification of a new batch of the industry reference standard (IRS) of live plague vaccine in terms of the above-mentioned quality parameters is an urgent challenge. Therefore, a certification programme for the industry reference standard was developed that establishes the design and scope of testing required to obtain statistically significant results. A candidate IRS was represented by a commercial batch of the product meeting the specification requirements for live plague vaccine. The certification parameters were: Β«Specific activity: microbial cell concentrationΒ», Β«Specific activity: live microbial cell percentageΒ» and Β«Thermal stabilityΒ». The article presents the results of the certification of a new batch of the live plague vaccine IRS, detailed evaluation of the candidate IRS in terms of: Β«Average weight and uniformity of weightΒ», Β«Loss on dryingΒ», and statistical interpretation of the test results. It also summarises the results of the product testing in terms of Β«Specific activity: immunogenicityΒ». The results of application of the previous batch of the live plague vaccine IRS (OSO 42-28-392-2013) and the results of monitoring the stability of its certification parameters demonstrated that the IRS shelf life could be extended by 6 months relative to the established period (from 2 to 2.5 years). All the certified and additional characteristics are reflected in the official documents for the scientific/technological product β€” live plague vaccine IRS, OSO 42-28-392-2017: passport, labelling and patient information leaflet

    ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ»

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    Prophylactic immunisation against brucellosis is part of the National Immunisation Schedule for Epidemic Settings. The immunisation is performed with a live vaccineβ€”a lyophilized suspension of the Brucella abortus strain 19 BА in a stabilizing medium. The paper presents the results of quality evaluation of 9 batches of live brucellosis vaccine that were submitted to the Testing Centre for Evaluation of Medicinal Immunobiological Products’ Quality of the Federal State Budgetary Institution β€œScientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for assessment of the product’s compliance with the established specifications. The paper also presents the results of evaluation of the passport information provided by the manufacturer for these batches. There is no doubt about the need for objective quality evaluation of brucellosis vaccines as well as about the significance of its improvement.The aim of study was to assess the prospects for improvingΒ quality evaluation of live brucellosis vaccines in terms of Specific activity (concentration of microbial cells, number of living microbial cells, number of cutaneous doses).Materials and methods: specific activity (concentration of microbial cells and number of living microbial cells) was determined by visual and microbiological methods using the industrial reference standard of brucellosis vaccine OSO 42-28-396-2018, batch 6 and the bacterial suspension of the Brucella abortus strain 19 BА acquired from the joint stock company Scientific and Production Association β€œMicrogen” in 2016. The number of cutaneous doses in the brusellosis vaccine was determined by the calculation method. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel.Results: there was a mismatch between the brucella concentration coefficient of 1.7Γ—109 microbial cells/mL determined by comparison with the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU and the actual concentration of microbial cells obtained in the study. According to preliminary results, the brucella concentration coefficient corresponding to the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU can reach 3.0Γ—109 microbial cells/mL.Conclusions: the obtained results can serve as a basis for amending the data on the brucella concentration coefficient in the Passport and the Instructions for use of the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU, as well as the Specific activity section (concentration of microbial cells, number of living microbial cells, number of cutaneous doses) of the established specifications for the brucellosis vaccine. Before amending the information on the brucella concentration corresponding to 10 IU in the Passport and the Instructions for use of the reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity (OSO 42-28-85P), additional studies should be performed with other types of brucella.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ иммунизация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π² ΠΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ эпидСмичСским показаниям. Для ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ людСй примСняСтся Тивая Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ собой Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ взвСсь Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Brucella abortus 19 BА Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСдС. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° качСства 9 сСрий Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π² Π˜ΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ экспСртизы качСства ΠœΠ˜Π‘ΠŸ Π€Π“Π‘Π£ «НЦЭБМП» ΠœΠΈΠ½Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π° России для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ соотвСтствия ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ трСбованиям, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· паспортных Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… прСдприятия-производитСля Π½Π° эти сСрии. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ провСдСния ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ сомнСний.ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹: ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° пСрспСктивы ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (концСнтрация ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, количСство ΠΆΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, количСство Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·).ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, количСство ΠΆΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ) опрСдСляли Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ микробиологичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… ОБО 42-28-396-2018 Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ сСрии 6 ΠΈ Π½Π° Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ взвСси Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Brucella abortus 19 BА, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· АО «НПО Β«ΠœΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Β» Π² 2016 Π³. ΠšΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ· Π² Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ опрСдСляли расчСтным ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. БтатистичСская ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Microsoft Excel.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: установлСно нСсоотвСтствиС коэффициСнта ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π» 1,7Γ—109 ΠΌ.ΠΊ./ΠΌΠ» ΠΏΠΎ ОБО мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй 10Β ΠœΠ• фактичСским Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ коэффициСнт ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎ ОБО мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй 10 ΠœΠ• ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ 3,0Γ—109 ΠΌ.ΠΊ./ΠΌΠ».Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ основаниСм для внСсСния измСнСния Π² паспорт ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ОБО мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй 10 ΠœΠ• ΠΏΠΎ коэффициСнту ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΈ Π² трСбования Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ качСства «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (концСнтрация ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, количСство ΠΆΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, количСство Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·). Для внСсСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π», эквивалСнтной 10 ΠœΠ•, Π² паспорт ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ОБО мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй (ОБО 42-28-85П) Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ провСсти Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ испытания Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ… Π±Ρ€ΡƒΡ†Π΅Π»Π»

    ВСорСтичСскоС ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обоснованиС пСрспСктивных ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ

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    Preventive immunisation against anthrax is carried out in accordance with the national Immunisation Schedule for Epidemic Settings. The vaccination is performed using a live vaccineβ€”a freeze-dried suspension of Bacillus anthracis STI-1 vaccine strain spores in a stabilizing media. Improvement of the quality control of immunobiological medicines is a pressing issue and an integral part of the quality management system. The aim of study was to streamline quality control of live anthrax vaccine in terms of the following test parameters: identification and specific activity (total spore concentration). Materials and methods: identification and specific activity (total spore concentration) tests were performed for samples of live anthrax vaccine, batch 266, produced by the 48 Central Scientific Research Institute. The identification test was performed using the B. anthracis immunochromatography test kit for express detection and identification of anthrax pathogen spores produced by the State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (Obolensk). The specific activity (total spore concentration)Β was assessed by the visual method and calculated in the Goryaev chamber using the industry reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity equivalent to 10 IUβ€”OSO 42-28-85 (by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products). The number of live spores in live anthrax vaccine was determined by the microbiological method (by inoculating media). The statistical processing of the results was performed using Excel and Statistica 10.0. Results: the authors provided theoretical and experimental substantiation to support the feasibility of using immunochromatography as an alternative identification test method for live anthrax vaccine. Test samples dilutions of 108 microbial cells per millilitre and 109 microbial cells per millilitre are used in the test. The authors developed a test procedure for determination of the total spore concentration (specific activity) in live anthrax vaccine using an industry reference standard of turbidity equivalent to 10 IU, and proposed a formula for calculation of the total spore concentration. Conclusions: the developed test procedures could be recommended for inclusion in the live anthrax vaccine specification files as alternative methods of quality control. Вакцинация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² сибирской язвы проводится Π² соотвСтствии с Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠšΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Π΅ΠΌ профилактичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ эпидСмичСским показаниям. Для ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ людСй примСняСтся Тивая Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ собой Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ взвСсь спор Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π’acillus anthracis БВИ-1 Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСдС. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ контроля качСства иммунобиологичСских лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² посрСдством внСдрСния соврСмСнных стандартных ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² контроля являСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ систСмы ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° качСства. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹: ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΈ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (общая концСнтрация спор). ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: испытаниС ΠΏΠΎ показатСлям качСства Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΈ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (общая концСнтрация спор) ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ сСрии 266 производства Π€Π“Π‘Π£ Β«48 ЦНИИ» ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ России. ИсслСдованиС иммунохроматографичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ показатСля качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² иммунохроматографичСская тСст-систСма для экспрСсс-выявлСния ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ спор возбудитСля сибирской язвы «ИΠ₯ тСст-систСма B. anthracisΒ» производства Π€Π“Π‘Π£ «ГНЦ ΠŸΠœΠ‘Β» РоспотрСбнадзора (Π³. ОболСнск); ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ показатСля качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (общая концСнтрация спор) ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ расчСтным ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ГоряСва ΠΈ отраслСвого стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° (ОБО) мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй 10 ΠœΠ• β€” ОБО 42-28-85 (Π€Π“Π‘Π£ «НЦЭБМП» ΠœΠΈΠ½Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π° России); испытаниС ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ качСства «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» (количСство ΠΆΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… спор) сибирСязвСнной Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ микробиологичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ (посСвом Π½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ срСды). БтатистичСская ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Microsoft Excel ΠΈ Statistica 10.0. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: тСорСтичСски обоснована ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния иммунохроматографичСского ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ показатСля Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ испытания ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ слСдуСт Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ 108 ΠΈ 109 ΠΌ.ΠΊ./ΠΌΠ». Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° опрСдСлСния ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ спор (ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ») Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ОБО мутности Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… взвСсСй 10 ΠœΠ•. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»Π° расчСта ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ спор Π² Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅. Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄: ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ сибирСязвСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π² качСствС Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ…

    ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° возмоТности примСнСния иммунохроматографичСского ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Π° тулярСмийного (Вулярина) ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ»

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    The regulatory standards require that the identification of live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin) should be performed by immunofluorescence. A major drawback of the recommended method is its labour intensive nature. However, immunochromatography represents an alternative method that offers a number of advantages, including rapid testing and easy result interpretation.Β The aim of the study was to assess the applicability of immunochromatography to the identification of live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin).Materials and methods. The authors performed identification tests using samples of the pharmacopoeia standard for live plague vaccines, three commercial batches of a live plague vaccine, and two batches of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin). These samples were tested using immunochromatographic assay (ICA) reagent kits for rapid detection and identification of Yersinia pestis (ICA System for Y. pestis) and Francisella tularensis (ICA System for F. tularensis) manufactured by the State Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.Results. The findings show that immunochromatography is an effective, rapid, and species-specific method to confirm the presence of Y. pestis in a sample of a live plague vaccine or F. tularensis in a sample of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin). To perform identification tests by immunochromatography, the authors recommend diluting live plague vaccine samples to a concentration of 109 bacterial cells/mL and using undiluted samples of the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin).Conclusions. The study results may support the inclusion of ICA into the regulatory standards for live plague vaccines and the liquid tularaemia allergen (Tularin) as an alternative identification method.ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ показатСля качСства Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ», согласно трСбованиям Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ тулярСмийный ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠΉ (Вулярин), проводится иммунофлуорСсцСнтным ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ нСдостатком ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° являСтся Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ испытания Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² являСтся иммунохроматографичСский (ИΠ₯) ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ рядом прСимущСств, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС высокой ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ провСдСния испытания ΠΈ простотой ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ².ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹: ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° возмоТности примСнСния иммунохроматографичСского ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для экспСртизы качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Π° тулярСмийного (Вулярина) ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ».ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: испытаниС показатСля качСства Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… коммСрчСских сСрий Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹; Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Π° тулярСмийного ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Вулярин) Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… сСрий. ИсслСдованиС показатСля качСства Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ИΠ₯ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²: ИΠ₯ тСст-систСма для экспрСсс-выявлСния ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Yersinia pestis «ИΠ₯ тСст-систСма Y. pestisΒ» ΠΈ ИΠ₯ тСст-систСма для экспрСсс-выявлСния ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Francisella tularensis «ИΠ₯ тСст-систСма F. tularensisΒ» производства ЀБУН «ГосударствСнный Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΒ».Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ИΠ₯ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ являСтся эффСктивным экспрСсс-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ для видоспСцифичСского подтвСрТдСния наличия Y. pestis Π² Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ F. tularensis Π² Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ тулярСмийном ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌ (Вулярин). УстановлСна рСкомСндуСмая концСнтрация Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ для провСдСния испытания ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ИΠ₯ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ β€” 109 ΠΌ.ΠΊ./ΠΌΠ». Π˜ΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Π° тулярСмийного ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Вулярина) ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ИΠ₯ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с использованиСм Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ основаниСм для внСсСния ИΠ₯ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° с использованиСм ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ тулярСмийный ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠΉ (Вулярин) Π² качСствС Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° опрСдСлСния показатСля Β«ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ»

    МСнингококковая инфСкция. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ…Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ аспСкты ΠΈ соврСмСнноС состояниС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ. Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2

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    The present article describes clinical signs of meningococcal disease. It justifies the necessity of its vaccine prevention. The article provides with the historical data on the evolution of inoculants from corpuscular inactivated vaccines to modern chemical polyvalent vaccines. It provides a glimpse of the efficacy of the use of corpuscular vaccines and considers the corresponding implications. The historical overview includes the use of mono-, di-, tetravalent polysaccharide vaccines, and the discussion on the role of bactericidal antibodies in the formation of immunity against meningococcal disease. The article also describes the experience of using polysaccharide vaccines in various countries and in different age groups in randomized clinical trials. It provides with the data analysis about the effect of vaccination on the level of meningococcal carriage and the incidence of meningococcal disease. The WHO’s position on the use of polysaccharide meningococcal vaccines in routine practice are also provided. In the conclusion the article presents the prospects for further use of polysaccharide vaccines to control the spread of meningococcal disease.Π”Π°Π½ΠΎ прСдставлСниС ΠΎ клиничСских проявлСниях ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. Обоснована Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ историчСскиС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ± ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ корпускулярных ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΎ соврСмСнных химичСских ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ свСдСния ΠΎΠ± эффСктивности примСнСния корпускулярных Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ рассмотрСны ослоТнСния, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… использовании. ИзлоТСна история примСнСния ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-, Π΄ΠΈ-, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… полисахаридных Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½, обсуТдаСтся Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π» Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° информация ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π΅ использования полисахаридных Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… странах ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… возрастных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… испытаний. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ свСдСния ΠΎ влиянии Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. РассмотрСна позиция Π’ΠžΠ— Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ примСнСния полисахаридных ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π² Ρ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ пСрспСктивы дальнСйшСго использования полисахаридных Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ для контроля Π½Π°Π΄ распространСниСм ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ

    ΠœΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°

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    Scientific relevance. The quality of medicinal products, particularly vaccines, is contingent on the stability of the manufacturing process at all stages, which can be evaluated using Shewhart charts for data obtained by monitoring the quality attributes of interest.Aim. This study evaluatedΒ the stability of the quality and manufacturing processes of the BCG and BCG-M tuberculosis vaccines using Shewhart charts.Materials and methods. This study focused on samples of the BCG tuberculosis vaccine and the BCG-M tuberculosis vaccine, a less reactogenic alternative for primary immunisation. Both vaccines were released to the market in 2019–2022. The quality of samples was assessed for stability based on their potency and total bacterial count, which are the key parameters for immunogenicity evaluation. These quality parameters were compared using test results submitted by the manufacturer and obtained at the testing centre. The authors plotted individuals charts (X-charts) and moving range charts (R-charts) in accordance with national standards GOST R 50779.42-99 and GOST R ISO 7870-2-2015.Results. The quality of the BCG and BCG-M vaccines remained stable during the entire follow-up period (2019–2022). For some periods, the retrospective analysis of R- and X-charts revealed characteristic trends meeting special cause criteria. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the data submitted by the manufacturer and the data obtained at the testing centre ranged from 0.2 to 0.8.Conclusions. The Shewhart charts demonstrated that the quality parameters of the BCG and BCG-M tuberculosis vaccines tested in 2019–2022 were stable. These vaccines had stable manufacturing processes, as shown by the R- and X-charts. However, the warning signs indicated that additional measures should be taken to standardise the manufacturing processes. The findings suggest that Shewhart charts may be recommended for monitoring the production and quality of tuberculosis vaccines.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ качСствСнных лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² условиях сохранСния ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ всСх стадий тСхнологичСского процСсса производства. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ процСсса производства являСтся использованиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°, построСнных ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ качСства.ЦСль. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ качСства Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π‘Π¦Π– ΠΈ Π‘Π¦Π–-М ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ процСсса ΠΈΡ… производства с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ (Π‘Π¦Π–) ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ для щадящСй ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (Π‘Π¦Π–-М) сСрий, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² граТданский ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ Π² 2019–2022 Π³Π³. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ показатСлям качСства «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ содСрТаниС Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ иммуногСнности. Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ качСства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ согласно Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, прСдоставлСнным прСдприятиСм-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ качСства Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ построСниС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π₯-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°) ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ² (R-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°) Π² соотвСтствии с Π“ΠžΠ‘Π’ Π  50779.42-99 ΠΈ Π“ΠžΠ‘Π’ Π  ИБО 7870-2-2015.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ качСство Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π‘Π¦Π– ΠΈ Π‘Π¦Π–-М ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСго ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° наблюдСния (2019–2022 Π³Π³.). РСтроспСктивный Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· R- ΠΈ X-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ выявил Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ², присущих критСриям для особых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ исслСдования. Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ коэффициСнта коррСляции ΠŸΠΈΡ€ΡΠΎΠ½Π° (r) ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ производитСля ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ качСства Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅, составило ΠΎΡ‚ 0,2 Π΄ΠΎ 0,8.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ качСства Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ Π‘Π¦Π– ΠΈ Π‘Π¦Π–-М, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² 2019–2022 Π³Π³. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· R- ΠΈ X-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ процСсса производства Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… сигналов ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ провСдСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСроприятий, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ тСхнологичСского процСсса. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ основаниСм для Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ примСнСния ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Π¨ΡƒΡ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ производствС ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ качСства Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½

    Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ создания ΠΈ соврСмСнныС Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹

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    Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), which is still extremely common in endemic low- and middle-income countries of Asia and Africa. Industrialised countries may also be affected by typhoid fever outbreaks due to booming international tourism, and natural disasters. Given S. Typhi progressive resistance to antibiotics, high epidemiological burden, and lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene in a number of regions, the introduction of new treatment protocols and the improvement of preventive vaccination are critical tasks in global healthcare. The aim of the study was to highlight the main historical aspects of the typhoid vaccine development, to summarise data on the licensed vaccines and promising approaches to the development of new typhoid vaccines. The paper describes the current epidemiological situation of typhoid fever globally and in the Russian Federation. It dwells upon the global experience in typhoid vaccine development from the production of an inactivated vaccine to the development of conjugated vaccines. The paper summarises data on Russian and foreign-made typhoid fever vaccines currently available in the global pharmaceutical market. It outlines the main trends in the development of vaccines against the disease caused by S. Typhi. The paper demonstrates the need for improving the efficacy of existing vaccines and development of new typhoid combination vaccines.Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ β€” остроС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica сСротип Typhi (S. Typhi), ΠΏΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· основных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ заболСваСмости насСлСния Π² эндСмичных экономичСски срСднС- ΠΈ слаборазвитых странах Азии ΠΈ Африки. Π˜Π½Π΄ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ страны ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²ΡΠΏΡ‹ΡˆΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Π° Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ стихийных бСдствий. Π’ условиях ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ рСзистСнтности S. Typhi ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, высокой эпидСмиологичСской Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ нСвозмоТности обСспСчСния ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… санитарно-гигиСничСских условий Π² рядС Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², наряду с Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² лСчСния заболСвания, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ здравоохранСния являСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Π°. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” освСщСниС основных аспСктов истории создания Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½, систСматизация Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΈ пСрспСктивных направлСниях Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ описана эпидСмиологичСская ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π° Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Π° Π² ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ИзлоТСн ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ создания Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° получСния ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎ этапа производства ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡŠΡŽΠ³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° информация ΠΎΠ± отСчСствСнных ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…, прСдставлСнных Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ фармацСвтичСском Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² сфСрС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² заболСвания, Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ S. Typhi. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ нСобходимости ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ эффСктивности Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ создания Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Π°

    АттСстация Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ сСрии отраслСвого стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° для контроля спСцифичСской активности ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ

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    In accordance with the State Pharmacopoeia (SPh) requirements for live plague vaccine, a reference standard has to be used when testing the specific activity and thermal stability of plague vaccine commercial batches in order to assess the consistency and acceptability of the test results. Since there is no international reference standard for plague vaccine, the certification of a new batch of the industry reference standard (IRS) of live plague vaccine in terms of the above-mentioned quality parameters is an urgent challenge. Therefore, a certification programme for the industry reference standard was developed that establishes the design and scope of testing required to obtain statistically significant results. A candidate IRS was represented by a commercial batch of the product meeting the specification requirements for live plague vaccine. The certification parameters were: Β«Specific activity: microbial cell concentrationΒ», Β«Specific activity: live microbial cell percentageΒ» and Β«Thermal stabilityΒ». The article presents the results of the certification of a new batch of the live plague vaccine IRS, detailed evaluation of the candidate IRS in terms of: Β«Average weight and uniformity of weightΒ», Β«Loss on dryingΒ», and statistical interpretation of the test results. It also summarises the results of the product testing in terms of Β«Specific activity: immunogenicityΒ». The results of application of the previous batch of the live plague vaccine IRS (OSO 42-28-392-2013) and the results of monitoring the stability of its certification parameters demonstrated that the IRS shelf life could be extended by 6 months relative to the established period (from 2 to 2.5 years). All the certified and additional characteristics are reflected in the official documents for the scientific/technological product β€” live plague vaccine IRS, OSO 42-28-392-2017: passport, labelling and patient information leaflet.Π’ соотвСтствии с трСбованиями ГосударствСнной Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΈ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (XIII ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ III) Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ испытания спСцифичСской активности ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ производствСнных сСрий Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ использованиС стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ приСмлСмости ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ стандартный ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Ρ† Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ отсутствуСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ аттСстация Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ сСрии отраслСвого стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° (ОБО) Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ для контроля спСцифичСской активности ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ производствСнных сСрий Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°. Для этого Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ аттСстации, установив Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ схСму ΠΈ объСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… исслСдований для получСния статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ качСствС ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ОБО использовали ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°, ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ трСбованиям Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ. АттСстуСмыми характСристиками ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ: «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ: концСнтрация ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΒ», «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΒ» ΠΈ Β«Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ». Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ аттСстации ΠΈ статистичСски ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ испытаний ΠΏΠΎ показатСлям: «БрСдняя масса ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ массС», Β«ΠŸΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ Π² массС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡƒΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ» Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ сСрии ОБО Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ исслСдования ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ «БпСцифичСская Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ: ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ». Π˜Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ примСнСния ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сСрии ОБО Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (ОБО 42-28-392-2013) ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ аттСстованных характСристик ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСличСния срока годности ОБО Π½Π° 6 мСсяцСв ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ установлСнному (с 2 Π΄ΠΎ 2,5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚). ВсС аттСстованныС ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ОБО 42-28-392-2017 Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ: паспорт, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ этикСток ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ инструкция ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ
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