SPH Simulations with Reconfigurable Hardware Accelerator

We present a novel approach to accelerate astrophysical hydrodynamical simulations. In astrophysical many-body simulations, GRAPE (GRAvity piPE) system has been widely used by many researchers. However, in the GRAPE systems, its function is completely fixed because specially developed LSI is used as a computing engine. Instead of using such LSI, we are developing a special purpose computing system using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chips as the computing engine. Together with our developed programming system, we have implemented computing pipelines for the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method on our PROGRAPE-3 system. The SPH pipelines running on PROGRAPE-3 system have the peak speed of 85 GFLOPS and in a realistic setup, the SPH calculation using one PROGRAPE-3 board is 5-10 times faster than the calculation on the host computer. Our results clearly shows for the first time that we can accelerate the speed of the SPH simulations of a simple astrophysical phenomena using considerable computing power offered by the hardware.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures, submitted to PAS

Grand-Canonical simulation of 4D simplicial quantum gravity

A thorough numerical examination for the field theory of 4D quantum gravity (QG) with a special emphasis on the conformal mode dependence has been studied. More clearly than before, we obtain the string susceptibility exponent of the partition function by using the Grand-Canonical Monte-Carlo method. Taking thorough care of the update method, the simulation is made for 4D Euclidean simplicial manifold coupled to $N_X$ scalar fields and $N_A$ U(1) gauge fields. The numerical results suggest that 4D simplicial quantum gravity (SQG) can be reached to the continuum theory of 4D QG. We discuss the significant property of 4D SQG.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, Lattice2002(Gravity

Vertex Operators in 4D Quantum Gravity Formulated as CFT

We study vertex operators in 4D conformal field theory derived from quantized gravity, whose dynamics is governed by the Wess-Zumino action by Riegert and the Weyl action. Conformal symmetry is equal to diffeomorphism symmetry in the ultraviolet limit, which mixes positive-metric and negative-metric modes of the gravitational field and thus these modes cannot be treated separately in physical operators. In this paper, we construct gravitational vertex operators such as the Ricci scalar, defined as space-time volume integrals of them are invariant under conformal transformations. Short distance singularities of these operator products are computed and it is shown that their coefficients have physically correct sign. Furthermore, we show that conformal algebra holds even in the system perturbed by the cosmological constant vertex operator as in the case of the Liouville theory shown by Curtright and Thorn.Comment: 26 pages, rewrote review part concisely, added explanation

Space-Time and Matter in IIB Matrix Model - gauge symmetry and diffeomorphism -

We pursue the study of the type IIB matrix model as a constructive definition of superstring. In this paper, we justify the interpretation of space-time as distribution of eigenvalues of the matrices by showing that some low energy excitations indeed propagate in it. In particular, we show that if the distribution consists of small clusters of size $n$, low energy theory acquires local SU(n) gauge symmetry and a plaquette action for the associated gauge boson is induced, in addition to a gauge invariant kinetic term for a massless fermion in the adjoint representation of the SU(n). We finally argue a possible identification of the diffeomorphism symmetry with permutation group acting on the set of eigenvalues, and show that the general covariance is realized in the low energy effective theory even though we do not have a manifest general covariance in the IIB matrix model action.Comment: 25 page

Construction of Some Optimal Ternary Linear Codes and the Uniqueness of [294, 6, 195; 3]-Codes Meeting the Griesmer Bound

AbstractLet nq(k, d) denote the smallest value of n for which there exists an [n, k, d; q]-code. It is known (cf. (J. Combin. Inform. Syst. Sci.18, 1993, 161–191)) that (1) n3(6, 195) ∈ {294, 295}, n3(6, 194) ∈ {293, 294}, n3(6, 193) ∈ {292, 293}, n3(6, 192) ∈ {290, 291}, n3(6, 191) ∈ {289, 290}, n3(6, 165) ∈ {250, 251} and (2) there is a one-to-one correspondence between the set of all nonequivalent [294, 6, 195; 3]-codes meeting the Griesmer bound and the set of all {v2 + 2v3 + v4, v1 + 2v2 + v3; 5, 3}-minihypers, where vi = (3i − 1)/(3 − 1) for any integer i ≥ 0. The purpose of this paper is to show that (1) n3(6, 195) = 294, n3(6, 194) = 293, n3(6, 193) = 292, n3(6, 192) = 290, n3(6, 191) = 289, n3(6, 165) = 250 and (2) a [294, 6, 195; 3]-code is unique up to equivalence using a characterization of the corresponding {v2 + 2v3 + v4, v1 + 2v2 + v3; 5, 3}-minihypers

External-fiber-grating vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

A Bragg grating in graded-index multimode fiber was coupled to a 0.8-/spl mu/m VCSEL. By using a fiber Bragg grating, the spectral width of the VCSEL decreased to 1/2-1/3 of the initial value, depending on the temperature of the fiber Bragg grating. The minimum spectral width was less than 0.1 nm FWHM. Data transmission using 1-km graded-index multimode fiber was investigated at 700 Mb/s. The power penalty decreased by using the fiber Bragg grating. The decrease was 2 dB for the optimum grating temperature at a bit error rate of 10/sup -9/

Supersymmetric Wilson Loops in IIB Matrix Model

We show that the supersymmetric Wilson loops in IIB matrix model give a transition operator from reduced supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory to supersymmetric space-time theory. In comparison with Green-Schwarz superstring we identify the supersymmetric Wilson loops with the asymptotic states of IIB superstring. It is pointed out that the supersymmetry transformation law of the Wilson loops is the inverse of that for the vertex operators of massless modes in the U(N) open superstring with Dirichlet boundary condition.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, minor typos correcte