The second law of thermodynamics, TCP, and Einstein causality in anti-de Sitter space-time

If the vacuum is passive for uniformly accelerated observers in anti-de Sitter space-time (i.e. cannot be used by them to operate a "perpetuum mobile"), they will (a) register a universal value of the Hawking-Unruh temperature, (b) discover a TCP symmetry, and (c) find that observables in complementary wedge-shaped regions are commensurable (local) in the vacuum state. These results are model independent and hold in any theory which is compatible with some weak notion of space-time localization.Comment: 8 pages, slightly improved results, minor changes in the expository part, new title; to appear in "Classical and Quantum Gravity

Semicausal operations are semilocalizable

We prove a conjecture by DiVincenzo, which in the terminology of Preskill et al. [quant-ph/0102043] states that ``semicausal operations are semilocalizable''. That is, we show that any operation on the combined system of Alice and Bob, which does not allow Bob to send messages to Alice, can be represented as an operation by Alice, transmitting a quantum particle to Bob, and a local operation by Bob. The proof is based on the uniqueness of the Stinespring representation for a completely positive map. We sketch some of the problems in transferring these concepts to the context of relativistic quantum field theory.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, revte

Employee Crime and the Monitoring Puzzle

The simplest economic theories of crime predict that profit-maximizing firms should follow strategies of minimal monitoring with large penalties for employee crime. We investigate possible reasons why firms actually spend considerable resources trying to detect employee malfeasance. We find that the most plausible explanations for firms' large outlays on monitoring of employees-legal restrictions on penalty clauses in contracts and the adverse impact of harsh punishment schemes on worker morale-are also consistent with the payment of premium (rent-generating) wages by cost-minimizing firms.Economic

Classification of Singular Fibres on Rational Elliptic Surfaces in Characteristic Three

We determine and list all possible configurations of singular fibres on rational elliptic surfaces in characteristic three. In total, we find that 267 distinct configurations exist. This result complements Miranda and Persson's classification in characteristic zero, and Lang's classification in characteristic two.Comment: 40 Pages. Minor typos correcte

Site-Selective Spectroscopy And Crystal-Field Analysis For Nd3+ In Strontium Fluorovanadate

Site‐selective spectroscopy reveals that Nd3+ ions occupy more than 40 different crystal‐field environments in Sr5(VO4)3F. Preferential energy transfer to the site responsible for 1 μm lasing occurs but becomes less complete with increasing temperature. The 4I and 4F3/2 Stark levels of the lasing site have been determined and an analysis of the crystal field performed. From the crystal‐field fitting parameters Bkq, a calculated energy‐level spectrum is determined up to 17 500 cm−1 with a rms deviation from the available experimental levels of 6 cm−1

Learning and CRF-Induced Indecision during Escape and Submission in Rainbow Trout during Socially Aggressive Interactions in the Stress-Alternatives Model

Socially stressful environments induce a phenotypic dichotomy of coping measures for populations in response to a dominant aggressor and given a route of egress. This submission- (Stay) or escape-oriented (Escape) dichotomy represents individual decision-making under the stressful influence of hostile social environments. We utilized the Stress-Alternatives Model (SAM) to explore behavioral factors which might predict behavioral phenotype in rainbow trout. The SAM is a compartmentalized tank, with smaller and larger trout separated by an opaque divider until social interaction, and another divider occluding a safety zone, accessible by way of an escape route only large enough for the smaller fish. We hypothesized that distinctive behavioral responses during the first social interaction would indicate a predisposition for one of the behavioral phenotypes in the subsequent interactions. Surprisingly, increased amount or intensity of aggression received had no significant effect on promoting escape in test fish. In fact, during the first day of interaction, fish that turned toward their larger opponent during attack eventually learned to escape. Escaping fish also learn to monitor the patrolling behavior of aggressors, and eventually escape primarily when they are not being observed. Escape per se, was also predicted in trout exhibiting increased movements directed toward the escape route. By contrast, fish that consistently remained in the tank with the aggressor (Stay) showed significantly higher frequency of swimming in subordinate positions, at the top or the bottom of the water column, as well as sitting at the bottom. In addition, a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced behavior, snap-shake, was also displayed in untreated fish during aggressive social interaction, and blocked by a CRF1 receptor antagonist. Especially prevalent among the Stay phenotype, snap-shake indicates indecision regarding escape-related behaviors. Snap-shake was also exhibited by fish of the Escape phenotype, showing a positive correlation with latency to escape. These results demonstrate adaptive responses to stress that reflect evolutionarily conserved stress neurocircuitry which may translate to psychological disorders and decision-making across vertebrate taxa

Ranger Block III attitude control system - Manufacturing, testing, and performance

Manufacturing, test program, and performance characteristics of Range Block III attitude control syste

Vacuum Fluctuations, Geometric Modular Action and Relativistic Quantum Information Theory

A summary of some lines of ideas leading to model-independent frameworks of relativistic quantum field theory is given. It is followed by a discussion of the Reeh-Schlieder theorem and geometric modular action of Tomita-Takesaki modular objects associated with the quantum field vacuum state and certain algebras of observables. The distillability concept, which is significant in specifying useful entanglement in quantum information theory, is discussed within the setting of general relativistic quantum field theory.Comment: 26 pages. Contribution for the Proceedings of a Conference on Special Relativity held at Potsdam, 200

Quantum mechanics is about quantum information

I argue that quantum mechanics is fundamentally a theory about the representation and manipulation of information, not a theory about the mechanics of nonclassical waves or particles. The notion of quantum information is to be understood as a new physical primitive -- just as, following Einstein's special theory of relativity, a field is no longer regarded as the physical manifestation of vibrations in a mechanical medium, but recognized as a new physical primitive in its own right.Comment: 17 pages, forthcoming in Foundations of Physics Festschrift issue for James Cushing. Revised version: some paragraphs have been added to the final section clarifying the argument, and various minor clarifying remarks have been added throughout the tex

Cavity-QED tests of representations of canonical commutation relations employed in field quantization

Various aspects of dissipative and nondissipative decoherence of Rabi oscillations are discussed in the context of field quantization in alternative representations of CCR. Theory is confronted with experiment, and a possibility of more conclusive tests is analyzed.Comment: Discussion of dissipative and nondissipative decoherence is included. Theory is now consistent with the existing data and predictions for new experiments are more reliabl