19,700 research outputs found
Radiative corrections to the semileptonic and hadronic Higgs-boson decays H -> W W/Z Z -> 4 fermions
The radiative corrections of the strong and electroweak interactions are
calculated for the Higgs-boson decays H -> WW/ZZ -> 4f with semileptonic or
hadronic four-fermion final states in next-to-leading order. This calculation
is improved by higher-order corrections originating from heavy-Higgs-boson
effects and photonic final-state radiation off charged leptons. The W- and
Z-boson resonances are treated within the complex-mass scheme, i.e. without any
resonance expansion or on-shell approximation. The calculation essentially
follows our previous study of purely leptonic final states. The electroweak
corrections are similar for all four-fermion final states; for integrated
quantities they amount to some per cent and increase with growing Higgs-boson
mass M_H, reaching 7-8% at M_H \sim 500 GeV. For distributions, the corrections
are somewhat larger and, in general, distort the shapes. Among the QCD
corrections, which include corrections to interference contributions of the
Born diagrams, only the corrections to the squared Born diagrams turn out to be
relevant. These contributions can be attributed to the gauge-boson decays, i.e.
they approximately amount to \alpha_s/\pi for semileptonic final states and
2\alpha_s/\pi for hadronic final states. The discussed corrections have been
implemented in the Monte Carlo event generator PROPHECY4F.Comment: 29 pages, LaTeX, 30 postscript figure
Significant association of a M129V independent polymorphism in the 5\prime UTR of the PRNP gene with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a large German case-control study
Background: A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the coding region of the prion protein gene (PRNP) at codon 129 has been repeatedly shown to be an associated factor to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), but additional major predisposing DNA variants for sCJD are still unknown. Several previous studies focused on the characterisation of polymorphisms in PRNP and the prion-like doppel gene (PRND), generating contradictory results on relatively small sample sets. Thus, extensive studies are required for validation of the polymorphisms in PRNP and PRND.Methods: We evaluated a set of nine SNPs of PRNP and one SNP of PRND in 593 German sCJD patients and 748 German healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.Results: In addition to PRNP 129, we detected a significant association between sCJD and allele frequencies of six further PRNP SNPs. No significant association of PRND T174M with sCJD was shown. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium within eight adjacent PRNP SNPs, including PRNP 129. However, the association of sCJD with PRNP 1368 and PRNP 34296 appeared to be independent on the genotype of PRNP 129. We additionally identified the most common haplotypes of PRNP to be over-represented or under-represented in our cohort of patients with sCJD.Conclusion: Our study evaluated previous findings of the association of SNPs in the PRNP and PRND genes in the largest cohorts for association study in sCJD to date, and extends previous findings by defining for the first time the haplotypes associated with sCJD in a large population of the German CJD surveillance study
Search and retrieval method of similar plasma waveforms
Fusion plasma experiments often produce many channels of time-varying waveforms, and the assistance of a computational method to find similar waveforms could accelerate data analysis. To accelerate computer aided search, a so-called âthumb-indexedâ reference will be required in the waveform database. Fourier series coefficients have been chosen for âR-treeâ multi-dimensional indexing. As one waveform will be translated into one point in the multi-dimensional space of the Fourier series, the similarity between two points can be calculated as their Euclid distance in this space. For slowly varying waveforms like large helical device (LHD) bolometer signals, a two-step search turned out to provide the best calculation speed of the relative distances, the first step uses the primary (0, ±1, ±2, âŠ, ±k)=2k+1 Fourier complex coefficients, and the second uses the other 2m ones whose amplitudes are the largest. Evaluation tests varying k and m have given the following best pair of values 2k+1=5 and 2m=4 for retrieving waveforms similar to those of the bolometer. The speed and precision of the method were also confirmed. This method makes the possibility to directly search similar phenomena in huge waveform databases realistic
Similar pattern search for time-sectional oscillation in huge plasma waveform database
Recently there has been drastic data growth in many fusion plasma experiments. Some computer-aided assistance to find similar waveforms has become indispensable for accelerating data recognition and analysis. A similarity search for slowly varying waveforms, which applies âR-treeâ index with Java implementation, was already reported [H. Nakanishi, T. Hochin, M. Kojima, LABCOM group, Search and retrieval method of similar plasma waveforms, Fusion Eng. Design 71 (1?4)(2004)189-193]. The next step is the search for time-sectional oscillation patterns. This requires neglecting the initial phase difference between many slices of waveforms. This new algorithm applies power spectrum density (PSD) values instead of FFT complex coefficients. To emphasize the difference between peak PSD frequency of each waveform, its Euclidean distance is multiplied by Ïj/Ïi (Ïj>Ïi). By applying âSR-treeâ and fast numerical library implemented in C/C++, its computations have been accelerated. This enables the system to deal with much larger data sets. These modifications have successfully extended the application range toward them with verified accuracy
Graviton production with 2 jets at the LHC in large extra dimensions
We study Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton production in the large extra dimensions
model via 2 jets plus missing transverse momentum signatures at the LHC. We
make predictions for both the signal and the dominant Zjj and Wjj backgrounds,
where we introduce missing P_T-dependent jet selection cuts that ensure the
smallness of the 2-jet rate over the 1-jet rate. With the same jet selection
cuts, the distributions of the two jets and their correlation with the missing
transverse momentum provide additional evidence for the production of an
invisible massive object.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; Version to be printed in JHE
A precise determination of the charm quark's mass in quenched QCD
We present a lattice determination of the charm quark's mass, using the mass
of the D_s meson as experimental input. All errors are under control with the
exception of the quenched approximation. Setting the scale with F_K=160 MeV,
our final result for the renormalization group invariant (RGI) quark mass is
M_c = 1.654(45) GeV, which translates to m_c(m_c) =1.301(34) GeV for the
running mass in the MSbar scheme. A 6 percent increase of the RGI quark mass is
observed when the scale is set by the nucleon mass. This is a typical quenched
scale ambiguity, which is reduced to about 3 percent for m_c(m_c), and to 4
percent for the mass ratio M_c/M_s. In contrast, the mass splitting
m(Dstar_s)-m(D_s) changes from 117(11) MeV to 94(11) MeV, which is
significantly smaller than the experimental value of 144 MeV.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figure
Symmetries, Large Leptonic Mixing and a Fourth Generation
We show that large leptonic mixing occurs most naturally in the framework of
the Sandard Model just by adding a fourth generation. One can then construct a
small discrete symmetry, instead of the large ,
which requires that the neutrino as well as the charged lepton mass matrices be
proportional to a democratic mass matrix, where all entries are
equal to unity. Without considering the see-saw mechanism, or other more
elaborate extensions of the SM, and contrary to the case with only 3
generations, large leptonic mixing is obtained when the symmetry is broken.Comment: 6 pages, ReVTeX, no figure
Single Top Production at HERA and THERA
We study the single top production mediated by flavor changing neutral
current via both of the and vertices (here q represents c
and u quarks) in ep collisions at two colliders HERA and THERA. Contribution of
the second vertex becomes even more important as the couplings take more
improved values provided by the higher luminosities of colliders. In addition
to these improvements if the CM energy of the collider is increased, the
production will be dominated by the anomalous vertex.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, RevTeX4, references adde
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