Carbon Footprint In Industry and Opportunities to Reduce It

This article represents an overview of carbon foot printing in Energy production and industrial production. Carbon footprint is an important tool for analyzing the global climate change. Now a days to deal with the global warming issues, carbon di-oxide (CO2) plays an important role. Besides the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment is also responsible for the carbon footprint. In some cases, analysis of carbon footprint indicated the measure of sustainability of a country. Hence, it is very important to control the carbon footprint with the help of efficient technology. Various studies are being conducted around the world to control the carbon footprint

Influence of pressure ratio on GTU and CCP efficiency

In this work ways of increase in efficiency of gas-turbine units (GTU) are analysed. Besides commercially mastered high reference temperatures of gases in front of the gas turbine (GT) – to 1500-1600 °C, also other factors influencing efficiency of GTU, in particular, pressure ratio are considered. The analysis of optimum values of pressure ratio and the analysis of influence of intermediate gases heating and intermediate air cooling are carried out. The experience of developments of GT with high pressure ratio is given.В работе проанализированы способы повышения эффективности газотурбинных установок (ГТУ). Помимо коммерчески освоенных высоких начальных температур газов перед газовой турбиной (ГТ) – до 1500-1600°С, рассмотрены и другие факторы, влияющие на эффективность ГТУ, в частности, степень повышения давления. Проведен анализ оптимальных значений степени повышения давления, влияние промежуточного подогрева газов и промежуточного охлаждения воздуха. Приведен опыт разработок ГТ с высокой степенью повышения давления

Design Optimization of a Helical Coil Gas Cooler Based on the Results of CFD Modeling of Erosion Wear

Simulation of erosion wear and design optimization have been performed for a convective gas cooler with a helical coil. Based on the results of simulation of the standard gas cooler design with a flat baffle used in Shell gasification-based combined cycle unit, it is concluded that the particle impact angle is the main factor determining the erosion maximum. To reduce erosion, it is necessary to install a structural element instead of the flat baffle to align the flow path of ash particles at the inlet to the gas cooler. The results of simulation for various baffle shapes show that a hemispherical baffle is optimal. The use of a hemispherical baffle plate made it possible to align the ash particle flow path at the inlet to the gas cooler channels and reduce the maximum level of erosion by a factor of almost 4 compared to the standard geometry of the baffle plate. © 2022 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

A new approach to the development of zero-emission power generation system

The problems of tightening harmful emissions standards and meeting commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions require the development of environmentally and economically viable technologies to capture CO2 and its subsequent utilization. The integration characteristics of the generic technologies for CO2 emission utilization from energy industries with a short, medium- and long-term commercialization prospects are considered, depending on the level of technological maturity and market attractiveness. Potential CO2 consumers were classified according to the central most sensitive energy generation parameters: volumes, pressure, and purity, depending on the CO2 capture processes parameters and types of thermal power plants. The CO2 utilization unit principles designed for full CO2 capture by various industries under the Paris agreements are considered. The joint analysis of the operating and prospective power plants, leading industrial technologies based on CO2 consumption, has revealed three types of energy-industrial symbioses representing a cost-effective "Power Plant - CO2 Consumer"model. This model operates without CO2 capture and conditioning unit and has the efficiency close to the traditional power plant without emissions utilization. Critical technology solutions are being developed for one of these types. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Analysis of Methods of GTU Performance Increase

GTU cycles with intercooling and with regeneration are considered. The efficiency analysis of GTU of various cycles depending on ambient temperature, air compression ratio, intercooler effectiveness and the regenerator effectiveness is made. It is shown that under equal conditions the thermal efficiency of GTU with regeneration is higher than the thermal efficiency of the cycle with intercooling and simple cycle GTU.Рассмотрены циклы ГТУ с промежуточным охлаждением и регенерацией. Выполнен анализ эффективности ГТУ различных циклов в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха, степени повышения давления воздуха в компрессоре, КПД промежуточного охладителя и регенеративного теплообменника. Показано, что при равных условиях термический КПД цикла ГТУ с регенерацией выше термического КПД цикла с промежуточным охлаждением и простого цикла ГТУ

Use of carbon dioxide for supply of pulverized coal into the gasifier

The technologies of preparation and supply of fuel into the gasifier are considered in this work. As a result of the analysis of the systems of fuel preparation and supply into the reactor in the form of coal-water slurry (CWS), coal-CO2 slurry on the base of Phase Inversion-based Coal-CO2 Slurry technology (PHICCOS) and dry pulverized coal the data on efficiency of their application are obtained.В работе рассмотрены технологии подготовки и подачи топлива в газификатор. В результате анализа схем подготовки и подачи топлива в реактор в виде водоугольной суспензии (ВУС), суспензии уголь-СО2 по технологии Phase Inversion-based Сoal-CO2 Slurry (PHICCOS) и сухой пылеугольной смеси получены данные по эффективности их применения

EFFECT OF STEAM INJECTION INTO GAS TURBINE ON CYCLE EFFICIENCY

В работе рассмотрено влияние применения впрыска пара в газовую турбину на показатели газотурбинного цикла. Приведены тепловые потоки, определяющие энергетический баланс газотурбинной установки, основные факторы, влияющие на изменение параметров работы ГТУ.The influence of application of steam injection into the gas turbine on the gas turbine cycle performance are considered in the work. The main heat fluxes defining power balance of the gas turbine unit and main factors influencing the change of operating parameters are given

PERSPECTIVE IGCC

Advantages of transport-integrated gasifiers (TRIG) and their application prospect to energy production are considered. Data on the commercial Kemper IGCC project are presented. The IGCC perspective project with a power of 850 MW for China lignite is considered, its high efficiency in comparison with traditional steam-turbine blocks of supercritical and ultrasupercritical parameters is demonstrated.Рассмотрены преимущества транспортных реакторов (TRIG) и перспективы их применения для производства энергии. Приведены данные по коммерческому проекту Kemper IGCC. Рассмотрен перспективный проект ПГУ-ВЦГ мощностью 850 МВт для бурых углей Китая, показана его высокая эффективность по сравнению с традиционными паротурбинными блоками сверхкритических и ультрасверхкритических параметров

Creation of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly energy sources on fossil fuels to address global climate issues

For industrialized economies, a strategically important area is developing active methods for industrial use of carbon dioxide emissions to produce marketable products. A rational approach to the problem of clean generation should be based on the complete coordination of the output parameters of the CO2 discharged from the power plant and the input (working) CO2 parameters of the consumer, which will reduce the cost of emissions conditioning, and maintain power plant efficiency. The CO2 parameters from fossil fuel power plants and CO2 consumers' potential were analyzed for three main indicators most sensitive to power generation: the amount of CO2, operating pressure, and purity considering the level of technological maturity and market attractiveness. Based on the analysis, three types of energy-industrial symbioses were identified with a cost-effective Power Plant - Consumer model without an intermediate unit for matching input and output parameters of CO2 (without a CO2 capture and conditioning system). A hybrid solution combining modern IGCC and the latest thermodynamic cycles based on oxy-fuel technologies is offered as a generalized configuration of the energy part of the promising complex. The concept and key technological solutions of the promising energy-industrial symbiosis "Power Generation Unit - CO2-based production"are being developed at Ural Federal University. Such symbiosis ensures the low-cost supply of CO2 to industrial consumers using mineralization technology. It will allow utilizing not only technogenic carbon but also ash, slag, and construction industry waste to produce marketable products (cement, concrete, and other materials). © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work was supported by Decree 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 02.A03.21.0006