8,726 research outputs found
Uninsured Spells of the Poor: Prevalence and Duration
The number of persons in the United States without health insurance, particularly those lacking private health insurance, is increasing. Although there is a large body of research documenting the insurance status of people in poverty at a point in time, the duration of spells without health insurance, and the duration of poverty spells, much less attention has been paid to the dynamics of spells without health insurance among those in poverty. The results presented here, based on data from the 1990 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), conclude that the typical uninsured spell is longer for the uninsured poor (roughly 8.3 months) than for the uninsured nonpoor (roughly 6 months) and that the duration of spells has increased over time. The findings suggest that over 40 percent of the uninsured at a point in time are chronically uninsured and poor or near poor. The cost of obtaining health care is particularly prohibitive for this group, with serious implications for the reform of health care.
Review on Slip Transmission Criteria in Experiments and Crystal Plasticity Models
A comprehensive overview is given of the literature on slip transmission
criteria for grain boundaries in metals, with a focus on slip system and grain
boundary orientation. Much of this extensive literature has been informed by
experimental investigations. The use of geometric criteria in continuum crystal
plasticity models is discussed. The theoretical framework of Gurtin (2008, J.
Mech. Phys. Solids 56, p. 640) is reviewed for the single slip case. This
highlights the connections to slip transmission criteria from the literature
that are not discussed in the work itself. Different geometric criteria are
compared for the single slip case with regard to their prediction of slip
transmission. Perspectives on additional criteria, investigated in experiments
and used in computational simulations, are given.Comment: in Journal of Materials Science, 201
Decreasing Opportunities for Low-Wage Workers: The Role of the Nondiscrimination Law for Employer-Provided Health Insurance
As of 1978, the favorable tax treatment of fringe benefits, including health insurance, has been regulated via a nondiscrimination clause such that low-wage, full-time workers must be offered health insurance (and other benefits) that are offered to higher-wage workers by the firm. Part-time workers may be excluded from coverage, however, creating incentives for firms to hire some types of workers part time to deny them coverage. We hypothesize that firms will hire fewer workers whose relative costs have increased, that is, low-wage workers. These workers will be less likely to work for firms that offer coverage, and those that do will be more likely to work part time without being eligible for the firm’s health insurance benefits. We use the 1988 and 1993 Employee Benefits Supplements to the Current Population Surveys and an employer premium imputation to examine these hypotheses. Both the descriptive and multivariate analysis are consistent with our hypotheses. We predict the probability of working for a firm that offers health insurance to decrease as premiums increase for both high- and low-wage workers. An increase in the premium is also associated with a decrease in the probability of part-time work, but an even greater decrease in the joint probability of part-time work with eligibility for health insurance.
A study of the motion of high current arcs in splitter plates using an arc imaging system
Arc modelling is a valuable tool in the evaluation of the switching performance of low-voltage switching devices (LVSDs) prior to testing real products. All modelling process requires a validation of the results against experimental studies. In this study an arc imaging system is used to investigate the arcing phenomena in splitter plates. The imaging system is applied to a flexible test apparatus which allows the control of important feature of a typical LVSD. The results show the formation of the arc into the plates and the separation of the arc as a restrike occurs in the main arc chamber. The phenomena results in a rapid reduction in the arc voltage before the arc reenters the plates
Computational and Theoretical Aspects of a Grain-Boundary Model at Finite Deformations
A model to describe the role of grain boundaries in the overall response of a polycrystalline material at small length scales subject to finite deformations is presented. Three alternative thermodynamically consistent plastic flow relations on the grain boundary are derived and compared using a series of numerical experiments. The numerical model is obtained by approximating the governing relations using the finite element method. In addition, the infinitesimal and finite deformation theories are compared, and the limitations of the former made clear
Veni Vidi Dixi: Reliable Wireless Communication with Depth Images
The upcoming industrial revolution requires deployment of critical wireless
sensor networks for automation and monitoring purposes. However, the
reliability of the wireless communication is rendered unpredictable by mobile
elements in the communication environment such as humans or mobile robots which
lead to dynamically changing radio environments. Changes in the wireless
channel can be monitored with frequent pilot transmission. However, that would
stress the battery life of sensors. In this work a new wireless channel
estimation technique, Veni Vidi Dixi, VVD, is proposed. VVD leverages the
redundant information in depth images obtained from the surveillance cameras in
the communication environment and utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks CNNs
to map the depth images of the communication environment to complex wireless
channel estimations. VVD increases the wireless communication reliability
without the need for frequent pilot transmission and with no additional
complexity on the receiver. The proposed method is tested by conducting
measurements in an indoor environment with a single mobile human. Up to authors
best knowledge our work is the first to obtain complex wireless channel
estimation from only depth images without any pilot transmission. The collected
wireless trace, depth images and codes are publicly available.Comment: Accepted for publication in CoNext 2019 with reproducibility badges.
The measurements and the processing codes are available at
https://gitlab.lrz.de/lkn_measurements/vvd_measurements for your evaluatio
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