New Minimal Distortion Shift Gauge

Based on the recent understanding of the role of the densitized lapse function in Einstein's equations and of the proper way to pose the thin sandwich problem, a slight readjustment of the minimal distortion shift gauge in the 3+1 approach to the dynamics of general relativity allows this shift vector to serve as the vector potential for the longitudinal part of the extrinsic curvature tensor in the new approach to the initial value problem, thus extending the initial value decomposition of gravitational variables to play a role in the evolution as well. The new shift vector globally minimizes the changes in the conformal 3-metric with respect to the spacetime measure rather than the spatial measure on the time coordinate hypersurfaces, as the old shift vector did.Comment: 5 page ReVTeX4 twocolumn latex file, no figures; slight revision: last sentence of section 2 deleted and replaced, citations reordered, additonal paragraph added to introduction with short explanation of the initial value problem and its thin sandwich variation, Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat reference added and acknowledgment expanded to include he

Effects of Offshore Outsourcing on Foreign Policy Flexibility: The Case of Information Technology Outsourcing

Offshore outsourcing of Information Technology (IT) is a relatively new phenomenon. Because of the potential cost savings offered, many corporate CEO’s and CIO’s are looking to give a portion or all of their IT functions, as well as many other business processes, to cheaper offshore labor. To date, little focus has been given to the national or international implications of this practice. This paper proposes a research stream to examine the effects of offshore outsourcing in general, and information technology outsourcing specifically, on the foreign policy options available to an outsourcing nation. I hypothesize that the increased use of offshore outsourcing, especially when outsourcing resources that are difficult to substitute, will significantly increase international economic interdependence. Further, the increased interdependence, coupled with a high degree of visibility of the interdependence, will decrease the realistic options available to domestic foreign policy makers

Exploring Service-Learning Outcomes and Experiences for Low-Income, First-Generation College Students: A Mixed-Methods Approach

This study explored the service-learning experiences of low-income, first-generation college students using a mixed-methods design that drew upon a national longitudinal dataset and in-depth, face-to-face interviews conducted over the course of a year and a half at three institutions in three states.  The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the outcomes related to service-learning participation for low-income, first-generation college students.  Findings indicated that participation in service-learning courses was significantly positively related to the development of several academic and affective outcomes related to increased academic success.  The presence of divergent findings from the two data streams also indicated particular complexity in measuring development for low-income and first-generation students—a complexity not found in the overall student population.  The author discusses specific implications of this study for practitioners, college and university administrators, researchers, and policy makers

Millennial Sex Habits: The Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors of Unmarried Undergraduate Males at a Small, Private, Christian Institution

This study analyzed the sexual attitudes and behaviors of 211 unmarried, traditionally-aged undergraduate males at a small, private, Christian, liberal arts institution in western Pennsylvania. As hypothesized, data were largely consistent with millennial theorists’ projections about current students’ decline in sexual activity in comparison to data from the past. The results of this project also confirm the relevance of the Social Norms Theory to the study of sexual behavior (Berkowitz, 2003). Descriptive data and definitions of sex, virginity, and abstinence are also discussed. This research suggests that student development professionals should invest in education and programming that provides accurate statistics about sexual behaviors

Measurements of bremsstrahlung produced by 0.75 and 1.25 mev electrons incident on typical apollo wall sections

Bremsstrahlung measurements on Apollo spacecraft wall sections irradiated with 0.75 and 1.25 MeV electrons from electron accelerato

Non-existence of New Quantum Ergosphere Effect of a Vaidya-type Black Hole

Hawking evaporation of Dirac particles and scalar fields in a Vaidya-type black hole is investigated by the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. It is shown that Hawking radiation of Dirac particles does not exist for $P_1, Q_2$ components but for $P_2, Q_1$ components in any Vaidya-type black holes. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon change with time. The thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is the same as that of Klein-Gordon particles. We demonstrates that there is no new quantum ergosphere effect in the thermal radiation of Dirac particles in any spherically symmetry black holes.Comment: Latex, 9 pages, no figure, submitted to Mod. Phys. Lett.

Research Agenda for Studying Open Source II: View Through the Lens of Referent Discipline Theories

In a companion paper [Niederman et al., 2006] we presented a multi-level research agenda for studying information systems using open source software. This paper examines open source in terms of MIS and referent discipline theories that are the base needed for rigorous study of the research agenda