Izdvajanje bakterije Escherichia coli O157:H7 i njezin dokaz lančanom reakcijom polimerazom u crijevima filipinskih šišmiša.

It is currently reported that bats in the Philippines harbor bacterial organism (Salmonella spp.) with pathogenic potential. The paper describes the conventional isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of another bacterium, Escherichia coli, from a sample population of 56 apparently healthy bats collected from Laguna and Quezon City, Philippines. Nineteen of the samples were positive for E. coli using the conventional method of isolation, while PCR molecularly detected the bacteria in 15 samples. The presence of hemolysin among the isolates was not observed. The isolates were subjected to E. coli O157:H7 serotype detection using the latex agglutination test and another PCR assay specific for this serotype. The data revealed that none of the isolates was positive for E. coli O157:H7 using serological and molecular diagnostic methods, which indicates that bats from Laguna and Quezon City, Philippines were not carriers of the pathogenic strain, E. coli O157:H7. The study also presents the first local report of conventional isolation and molecular detection of E. coli from Philippine bats.Poznato je da šišmiši na Filipinima mogu biti nositelji potencijalno patogenih bakterija, npr. salmonela. U radu je opisano izdvajanje i dokaz lančanom reakcijom polimerazom bakterije Escherichia coli iz 56 naizgled zdravih šišmiša uhvaćenih na području Laguna i Quezon City na Filipinima. E. coli bila je izdvojena iz 19 uzoraka, dok je lančanom reakcijom polimerazom ona bila dokazana u 15 uzoraka. Izolati nisu tvorili hemolizu, a lateks aglutinacija i specifični PCR rabljeni su za dokaz serovara O157:H7 bakterije E. coli. Nijedan izolat nije pripadao serovaru O157:H7, na osnovi čega se može zaključiti da šišmiši na području Laguna i Quezon City na Filipinima nisu nositelji patogenog soja E. coli O157:H7. Istraživanje je ujedno prvi dokaz o izdvajanju i molekularnoj identifikaciji bakterije E. coli u šišmiša na Filipinima

Izdvajanje bakterije Escherichia coli O157:H7 i njezin dokaz lančanom reakcijom polimerazom u crijevima filipinskih šišmiša.

It is currently reported that bats in the Philippines harbor bacterial organism (Salmonella spp.) with pathogenic potential. The paper describes the conventional isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of another bacterium, Escherichia coli, from a sample population of 56 apparently healthy bats collected from Laguna and Quezon City, Philippines. Nineteen of the samples were positive for E. coli using the conventional method of isolation, while PCR molecularly detected the bacteria in 15 samples. The presence of hemolysin among the isolates was not observed. The isolates were subjected to E. coli O157:H7 serotype detection using the latex agglutination test and another PCR assay specific for this serotype. The data revealed that none of the isolates was positive for E. coli O157:H7 using serological and molecular diagnostic methods, which indicates that bats from Laguna and Quezon City, Philippines were not carriers of the pathogenic strain, E. coli O157:H7. The study also presents the first local report of conventional isolation and molecular detection of E. coli from Philippine bats.Poznato je da šišmiši na Filipinima mogu biti nositelji potencijalno patogenih bakterija, npr. salmonela. U radu je opisano izdvajanje i dokaz lančanom reakcijom polimerazom bakterije Escherichia coli iz 56 naizgled zdravih šišmiša uhvaćenih na području Laguna i Quezon City na Filipinima. E. coli bila je izdvojena iz 19 uzoraka, dok je lančanom reakcijom polimerazom ona bila dokazana u 15 uzoraka. Izolati nisu tvorili hemolizu, a lateks aglutinacija i specifični PCR rabljeni su za dokaz serovara O157:H7 bakterije E. coli. Nijedan izolat nije pripadao serovaru O157:H7, na osnovi čega se može zaključiti da šišmiši na području Laguna i Quezon City na Filipinima nisu nositelji patogenog soja E. coli O157:H7. Istraživanje je ujedno prvi dokaz o izdvajanju i molekularnoj identifikaciji bakterije E. coli u šišmiša na Filipinima

Pengaruh Gratis Ongkir terhadap Keputusan Pembelian dengan Nilai Produk dan Diskon sebagai Variabel Moderasi

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari tagline gratis ongkir yang di berlakukan oleh marketplace Shopee terhadap keputusan pembelian oleh konsumen Shopee generasi Z serta untuk mengetahui apakah nilai produk yang ditawarkan dan promosi diskon yang diberlakukan dapat memperkuat atau memperlemah hubungan pengaruh promosi gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian oleh konsumen Shopee generasi Z. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 101 orang yang merupakan konsumen Shopee generasi Z. Hasil analisis data statistik uji t, diketahui bahwa variabel gratis ongkir (X1) memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,001 t tabel ( 13.634 > 1.970) dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen generasi Z di Shopee. Hasil analisis uji MRA (Moderating Reggresion Analysis) diketahui nilai signifikansi dari variabel nilai produk sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai R Square sebesar 0,714 (71,4%) disimpulkan bahwa nilai produk dapat memperkuat hubungan gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar 71,4%. Serta diketahui nilai signifikansi dari variabel diskon sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai R Square sebesar 0,715 (71,5%) disimpulkan bahwa dengan ditambahkannya variabel diskon dapat memperkuat hubungan gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen generasi Z pada marketplace Shopee

Protection mechanisms of the iron-plated armor of a deep sea hydrothermal vent gastropod

Biological exoskeletons, in particular those with unusually robust and multifunctional properties, hold enormous potential for the development of improved load-bearing and protective engineering materials. Here, we report new materials and mechanical design principles of the iron-plated multilayered structure of the natural armor of Crysomallon squamiferum, a recently discovered gastropod mollusc from the Kairei Indian hydrothermal vent field, which is unlike any other known natural or synthetic engineered armor. We have determined through nanoscale experiments and computational simulations of a predatory attack that the specific combination of different materials, microstructures, interfacial geometries, gradation, and layering are advantageous for penetration resistance, energy dissipation, mitigation of fracture and crack arrest, reduction of back deflections, and resistance to bending and tensile loads. The structure-property-performance relationships described are expected to be of technological interest for a variety of civilian and defense applications.National Science Foundation (U.S.)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Materials Science and Engineering (DMR-0819762)Singapore-MIT Alliance (Advanced Materials for Micro and Nano Systems Programme)Singapore-MIT Alliance (Computational Systems Biology Programme)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (Contract DAAD-19-02-D0002)Raytheon CompanyUnited States. Dept. of Defense ((National Defense Science and Engineering Fellowship (N00244–09–1–0064))Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (Interdisciplinary Research Group on Infectious Diseases