3,264 research outputs found
Temperature and size-dependent suppression of Auger recombination in quantum-confined lead salt nanowires
Auger recombination (AR) of the ground biexciton state in quantum-confined
lead salt nanowires (NWs) with a strong coupling between the conduction and the
valence bands is shown to be strongly suppressed, and only excited biexciton
states contribute to Auger decay. The AR rate is predicted to be greatly
reduced when temperature or the NW radius are decreased, and the effect is
explained by decrease in both the population of excited biexciton states and
overlap of phonon-broadened single- and biexciton states. Suppression of AR of
multiexciton states exhibiting strong radiative decay makes obviously lead salt
NWs a subject of special interest for numerous lasing applications.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Electromagnetic structure of the nucleon and the Roper resonance in a light-front quark approach
A relativistic light-front quark model is used to describe both the elastic
nucleon and nucleon-Roper transition form factors in a large Q2 range, up to 35
GeV2 for the elastic and up to 12 GeV2 for the resonance case. Relativistic
three-quark configurations satisfying the Pauli exclusion principle on the
light-front are used for the derivation of the current matrix elements. The
Roper resonance is considered as a mixed state of a three-quark core
configuration and a molecular N+sigma hadron component. Based on this ansatz we
obtain a realistic description of both processes, elastic and inelastic, and
show that existing experimental data are indicative of a composite structure of
the Roper resonance.Comment: 19 page
State diagrams for harmonically trapped bosons in optical lattices
We use quantum Monte Carlo simulations to obtain zero-temperature state
diagrams for strongly correlated lattice bosons in one and two dimensions under
the influence of a harmonic confining potential. Since harmonic traps generate
a coexistence of superfluid and Mott insulating domains, we use local
quantities such as the quantum fluctuations of the density and a local
compressibility to identify the phases present in the inhomogeneous density
profiles. We emphasize the use of the "characteristic density" to produce a
state diagram that is relevant to experimental optical lattice systems,
regardless of the number of bosons or trap curvature and of the validity of the
local-density approximation. We show that the critical value of U/t at which
Mott insulating domains appear in the trap depends on the filling in the
system, and it is in general greater than the value in the homogeneous system.
Recent experimental results by Spielman et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 120402
(2008)] are analyzed in the context of our two-dimensional state diagram, and
shown to exhibit a value for the critical point in good agreement with
simulations. We also study the effects of finite, but low (T<t/2),
temperatures. We find that in two dimensions they have little influence on our
zero-temperature results, while their effect is more pronounced in one
dimension.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figures, published versio
Charmed baryon Sigmac(2800) as a ND hadronic molecule
The isotriplet Sigmac(2800) baryon with possible quantum numbers J(P) =
1/2(+), 1/2(-) or 3/2(+), 3/2(-) is considered as a hadronic molecule composed
of a nucleon and a D meson. We determine the strong two-body decay widths
Sigmac to Lambdac + pi which are shown to be consistent with current data for
the J(P) = 1/2(+) and J(P) = 3/2(-) assignments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
Step bunching of vicinal 6H-SiC{0001} surfaces
We use kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to understand growth- and
etching-induced step bunching of 6H-SiC{0001} vicinal surfaces oriented towards
[1-100] and [11-20]. By taking account of the different rates of surface
diffusion on three inequivalent terraces, we reproduce the experimentally
observed tendency for single bilayer height steps to bunch into half unit cell
height steps. By taking account of the different mobilities of steps with
different structures, we reproduce the experimentally observed tendency for
adjacent pairs of half unit cell height steps to bunch into full unit cell
height steps. A prediction of our simulations is that growth-induced and
etching-induced step bunching lead to different surface terminations for the
exposed terraces when full unit cell height steps are present.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure
Phenomenon of Alfvénic vortex shedding
Generation of Alfvenic (magnetohydrodynamic) vortices by the interaction of compressible plasma flows with magnetic-field-aligned blunt obstacles is modeled in terms of magnetohydrodynamics. It is found that periodic shedding of vortices with opposite vorticity is a robust feature of the interaction in a broad range of plasma parameters: for plasma beta from 0.025 to 0.5, and for the flow speeds from 0.1 to 0.99 of the fast magnetoacoustic speed. The Strouhal number is the dimensionless ratio of the blunt body diameter to the product of the period of vortex shedding and the inflow speed. It is found to be consistently in the range 0.15-0.25 in the whole range of parameters. The induced Alfvenic vortices are compressible and contain spiral-armed perturbations of the magnetic field strength and plasma mass density up to 50%-60% of the background values. The generated electric current also has the spiral-armed structuring
Imaging stress and magnetism at high pressures using a nanoscale quantum sensor
Pressure alters the physical, chemical and electronic properties of matter.
The development of the diamond anvil cell (DAC) enables tabletop experiments to
investigate a diverse landscape of high-pressure phenomena ranging from the
properties of planetary interiors to transitions between quantum mechanical
phases. In this work, we introduce and utilize a novel nanoscale sensing
platform, which integrates nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers directly into
the culet (tip) of diamond anvils. We demonstrate the versatility of this
platform by performing diffraction-limited imaging (~600 nm) of both stress
fields and magnetism, up to pressures ~30 GPa and for temperatures ranging from
25-340 K. For the former, we quantify all six (normal and shear) stress
components with accuracy GPa, offering unique new capabilities for
characterizing the strength and effective viscosity of solids and fluids under
pressure. For the latter, we demonstrate vector magnetic field imaging with
dipole accuracy emu, enabling us to measure the pressure-driven
phase transition in iron as well as the complex
pressure-temperature phase diagram of gadolinium. In addition to DC vector
magnetometry, we highlight a complementary NV-sensing modality using T1 noise
spectroscopy; crucially, this demonstrates our ability to characterize phase
transitions even in the absence of static magnetic signatures. By integrating
an atomic-scale sensor directly into DACs, our platform enables the in situ
imaging of elastic, electric and magnetic phenomena at high pressures.Comment: 18 + 50 pages, 4 + 19 figure
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