14 research outputs found

    Assessment of the Depth of the Deformed Layer in the Roller Burnishing Process

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    This paper presents the methods used to determine the depth of the plastically deformed top layer in the roller burnishing process. An analytical method was developed for determining the depth of the plastically deformed layer on the basis of the Hertz–Bielayev theory. The depth of deformation was obtained as a function of the process parameters: burnishing force, material strength and roller radius. The analytical solution has been verified using an original method based on the measurement of the face profile of rings. A mathematical model for a theoretical solution and a plan for experimental tests have been developed. The numerical simulation of the depth of the plastically deformed layer was carried out based on the finite element method. The results of deformation depth as a function of roller force, material strength and roller geometry show a good agreement between analytical and experimental methods.Наведено методики визначення глибини пластично деформованого верхнього шару матеріалу при обкочуванні роликом. Аналітичний метод розроблено на основі теорії Герца Беляєва. Глибину такого шару отримано як функцію зусилля обкочування, міцності матеріалу і геометрії ролика. Аналітичний розв'язок перевірено оригінальним методом, що базується на вимірюванні лицьового профілю кілець. Розроблено математичну модель теоретичного розв'зку і план експериментів. Чисельне моделювання глибини пластично деформованого шару виконано методом скінченних елементів. Результати, отримані аналітичним і експериментальним методами, показують їх хорошу відповідність.Представлены методики определения глубины пластично деформированного верхнего слоя материала в процессе обкатывания роликом. Аналитический метод разработан на основе теории Герца Беляева. Глубина такого слоя получена как функция усилия обкатывания, прочности материала и геометрии ролика. Аналитическое решение проверено оригинальным методом, основанным на измерении лицевого профиля колец. Разработаны математическая модель теоретического решения и план экспериментов. Численное моделирование глубины пластично деформированного слоя выполнено методом конечных элементов. Результаты, полученные аналитическим и экспериментальным методами, показывают их хорошее соответствие

    Effect of Grinding Parameters on the Surface Quality of Cutting Tools Made of High-Speed Low-Alloy Steels

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    The occurrence of defects caused by sharpening leads to the considerable variation of lifetime of cutting tools under identical process conditions. The loss of cutting ability of cutting tools or the change of the blade original geometry influences the quality of the surface finish as well as both dimensional and shape accuracy of workpieces. The effect of the grinding parameters on the surface finish of selected high-speed steels has been investigated. The influence of the grinding parameters has been defined especially for surface roughness, grinding forces and grinding ratio with a wide range of grinding parameters. It is found that the value of average roughness (Ra ) parameter decreases together with an increase in the grinding depth and the feed length. Furthermore, the value of Ra increases proportionally to the grinding depth. To increase the efficiency of sharpening, it is required to increase the feed length other than the grinding depth

    Selected design problems of mowers for felling woody plants and protection of green areas

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    Machines purposed for harvesting of high-stem energetic plants in small plantations

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    W artykule przedstawiono opracowane w Politechnice Rzeszowskiej rozwiązania konstrukcyjne wybranych maszyn do zbioru roślin energetycznych o zdrewniałych pędach. Jednym z przyjętych założeń podczas projektowania maszyn jest ich przeznaczenie do pracy w małych i średnich gospodarstwach, gdzie wykorzystanie wydajnych i kosztownych maszyn jest nieekonomiczne. Opracowane maszyny są półzawieszane na ciągniku rolniczym i napędzane za pomocą wałka odbioru mocy ciągnika. Jest to rozwiązanie optymalne biorąc pod uwagę wysoki koszt kombajnów samobieżnych oraz uniwersalność ciągnika rolniczego, który jest podstawowym źródłem napędu w małych i średnich gospodarstwach produkujących biomasę. Do opracowania wirtualnych modeli maszyn wykorzystano program Autodesk INVENTOR.In the article the agricultural solutions of machines developed in Rzeszow University of Technology were presented. A purpose of machines for work in small and medium farms where utilization of productive and expensive machines is uneconomical constitutes one of the project assumption. Elaborated machines are attached to a farm tractor and power-driven by using a power take-off shaft. This is an optimal solution taking into consideration high cost of mobile harvesters and universality of a farm tractor which is a basic source of power drive in small and medium farms producing biomass. To create virtual models of machines the Autodesk Inventor software was used

    An innovative device for soil application of sewage sludge

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    Osady ściekowe pochodzące z biologicznego oczyszczania ścieków komunalnych obfitują w glebotwórcze substancje organiczne i mineralne składniki nawozowe, które można wykorzystać do nawożenia plantacji roślin przemysłowych i energetycznych. W pracy przedstawiono możliwości przyrodniczego wykorzystania osadów ściekowych oraz nowy opatentowany aplikator do iniekcyjnego dawkowania osadów ściekowych. Urządzenie umożliwia wprowadzanie do gruntu na żądaną głębokość stałych nawozów mineralnych i organicznych o konsystencji sypkiej oraz bezzwłoczne ich przykrycie glebą, co obniża intensywność emisji zapachów do środowiska i ogranicza utratę lotnych składników nawozowych. Badania polowe wykonanego we współpracy z R&D Centre Inventor w Lublinie prototypu przystawki dawkującej nawóz, zaczepianej na rozrzutniku nawozów, potwierdziły cechy funkcjonalne zestawu.Growth of the areas of industrial and energy crops threatens traditional cultivation destined for food production. One of the ways to increase the areas of energy crops is the development of an increasing number of set-aside land, wasteland, degraded land or areas so far not used for agricultural purposes, which is related to the potential use of sewage sludge for fertilization. Sludge from biological sewage treatment process requires stabilization and hygienisation. The prepared sludge used as a fertilizer for the soil does not constitute health-risks. Health-risk arising from the use of sewage sludge on energy plants plantations is small due to the industrial use of biomass and exclusion of pathogens from the trophic circulation of humans and animals. Use of the presented device can increase the share of participation of agricultural usage of sewage sludge by injecting fertilization of energy plant plantations and plants destined for industrial purposes. Sewage sludge can also be used to forest and agricultural crops for the production of wood and cuttings. Fast-growing energy plants with high growth dynamics and high productivity can be cultivated on sedimentary and sedimentary-ground floors containing excessive amounts of heavy metals. The fertilizer is supplied to the vicinity of the root mass without damaging it, which facilitates the absorption of nutrients by plants. The concept assumes that the device is fastened to the manure spreader and has a hydraulic system laying its operating position in relation to the ground. The device is fastened to the fertilizer distributor and has the disc coulters mounted to a carrying frame. With attachment frame are coupled cylindrical housings with working inside the worm feeders. Feeding screws have, in the upper part, above the work area bevel gears propelled with a hydraulic motor drive. The device is equipped with three injection dosing sections of fertilizer with spacing of 0.7 m corresponding to a typical system of willow planting. Developed device according to patent PL 382062 is used for injection dosage of fertilizers, especially sewage sludge, and is a part of the stock of machines developed in Rzeszów University of Technology within a framework of the development of technology, plantation establishment, harvesting and processing of biomass
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