Fish oil supplementation in CCl4 injured rodents exclusively suppressed enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of DHA and EPA

Poster Session 1: abstract no. M4.07The Conference abstracts' website is located at http://www.issfal.org/conferences/2014-stockholm/abstractsFish oil contains high amount of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and helps in reducing risk of neurodegenerative diseases and coronary heart diseases. Because of the high numbers of double bonds, they are prone to undergo lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo. Many of the products generated through this process are claimed either to be bioactive or toxic. We, therefore, investigated the effect of fish oil supplementation with CCl4 liver injured rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into five groups: 1) water (Control), 2) canola oil, 3) CCl4, 4) fish oil (omega-3, 350 mg/kg), 5) fish oil + CCl4. Rats were treated ...postprin

Hyperoxia Elevates Adrenic Acid Peroxidation in Marine Fish and Is Associated with Reproductive Pheromone Mediators

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PDE4 as a target in preterm labour

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) are the enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis and inactivation of the second messengers, cAMP and cGMP. Eleven PDE families are described to date, and selective inhibitors of some PDEs families are currently used in clinic for treating cardiovascular disorders, erectile dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension. Isoforms of the PDE4 family are involved in smooth muscle contraction and inflammation. PDE4 selective inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of diseases related to inflammatory disorders. Because of their myorelaxant properties, we first examined their expression in human myometrium and uncover an increased expression of one specific isoform, PDE4B2, in the near-term myometrium as compared to myometrium in the nonpregnant state. Using human myometrial cells in culture, we demonstrated that PDE4B2 can be induced by its own substrate, under the control of one of the major utero-contractile agonists, PGE2, itself upregulated by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Functionally, augmentation of global PDE4 activity decreases the ability of β-adrenergic agonists (the most commonly used tocolytic drugs) to inhibit myometrial contraction at the end of pregnancy and during pathophysiological situations, such as persistent intrauterine inflammation which is a major cause of very preterm delivery. Currently exploring the anti-inflammatory properties of PDE4 inhibitors in gestational tissues, we recently demonstrated the ability of these drugs to block a persistent inflammatory response of the foetal membranes in Humans and to prevent inflammation-driven preterm delivery and foetal demise in mice. These data open up a new therapeutical strategy to prevent inflammation-induced preterm delivery and its sequelae in very preterm infants

Maternal-fetal evaluation of oxidized lipid products of polyunsaturated fatty acid induced by environmental contaminant perfluorooctante sulfonate

Poster Session 3: abstract no. N9.06The Conference abstracts' website is located at http://www.issfal.org/conferences/2014-stockholm/abstractsPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is synthetic fluorinated hydrocarbons. However the carbon-fluoride bonds render these compounds to be non-biodegradable, leading to their persistence in the environment and lengthy elimination half-life in vivo. PFOS could also penetrate the placental barrier and the blood brain barrier, and produce neurotoxic effect. High dose of PFOS leads to neonatal mortality and neurologic delays. It is known PFOS generate a dose-dependent ROS production, but the effect in PUFA lipid peroxidation, especially adrenic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids that are ...postprin

Towards a computer aided diagnosis system dedicated to virtual microscopy based on stereology sampling and diffusion maps

An original strategy is presented, combining stereological sampling methods based on test grids and data reduction methods based on diffusion maps, in order to build a knowledge image database with no bias introduced by a subjective choice of exploration areas. The practical application of the exposed methodology concerns virtual slides of breast tumors

Pour un échantillonnage et un conseil agronomique raisonné, les outils d'aide à la décision

To a sampling and personal fertility advice, the tools for decision support. Environmental and agronomic issues require always more well thought and suited farmer management of agricultural inputs; soil analysis is therefore an essential tool to support decision. However, for a soil analysis to provide valuable information, it is essential for the sample to be representative of the studied field. Without this representativeness, an analytical result, as accurate as it could be, would not be of interest if it could mislead the farmer. In practice, the main difficulty for the sampler is the recognition of soil criteria which are essential to provide a fertility advice, especially in Wallonia (Belgium) where soil variability is very important. With the Digital Soil Map of Wallonia (DSMW), drowned at the scale 1/5,000, it seems appropriate to give these information to the samplers in an useful form for routine works. That is why a mapping tool for decision support, named REQUACARTO, was designed to be used for soil analysis by provincial laboratories, members of the REQUASUD laboratories network. This tool responds to a real requirement in Wallonia: achieving a quality sampling for the development of personalized soil fertility advice