10 research outputs found
Undermining Australia's international standing: the failure to extend human rights protections to indigenous peoples affected by Australian mining companiesâ ventures abroad
Assessing the Spatial Structure of Urban and Population Growth in the Greater Cairo Area, Egypt: A GIS and Imagery Analysis Approach
The Relationship Between Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 in After Birth Oral Fluid and Acute Histologic Chorioamnionitis in Preterm Delivery
Effect of fatigue and annual ringsâ orientation on mechanical properties of wood under cross-grain uniaxial compression
The mechanics of fresh wood with and without a fatigue pre-treatment that mimics a mechanical pulping process was experimentally studied. The mechanical properties of Norway spruce samples under compression are considered with the macroscopic stressâstrain data and from local strain properties via digital image correlation technique. The results highlight the effects of the orientation of the wood annual rings compared to the loading direction and of the pre-fatigue. The wood presents a low yield point when the annual rings are tilted compared to the load axis, but the Youngâs modulus and yield stress are higher when the annual rings are either parallel or perpendicular to the load direction. In the last case, buckling of softest layers occurs. The fatigue treatment makes the wood less stiff as deduced from the decreases of Youngâs modulus and yield stress, whatever the orientation of annual rings. Secondly, it creates a thin and localized softened layer