Patterns in life quality changes of Irkutsk city’s inhabitants according to SF-36 questionnaire

Actuality. At the moment, one of the current trends in medicine and sociology is the study of life quality in population. The motivation for this study was the lack of population-based studies on life quality assessment for adult population conducted in Irkutsk, taking into account the individual characteristics of all age groups with questionnaire SF-36. Purpose. To evaluate standard criteria for Irkutsk adult population's life standard in terms of the age and gender by means of the standard questionnaire SF-36. Materials and methods. The article represents the interview results received from 579 Irkutsk dwellers at the age of 18-85. The Russian version of SF-36 Questionnaire has been used for the present research. The criteria were estimated according to 8 scales. The levels of the respondents' physical well-being, socio-environmental adaptation, psycho-emotional changes and viability were specified. Moreover, the respondents' clinical-anamnestic status including complaints, anamnestic evidences for somatic pathology and earlier surgical interventions were evaluated as well. The received data were processed by Statistica 6.0 software with the use of nonparametric and multiple factor analysis. Results. The results determine the levels of physical functioning, social adaptation, psycho-emotional changes and the viability of Irkutsk residents of different age, gender and socio-professional groups. Conclusions. The presence of comorbidity in varying degrees affected the quality of life

Quality of life of patients with singleand multigland parathyroid disease in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism before and after surgical treatment

Background. In 15–25 % of cases, the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is multigland parathyroid disease. The complexity of clinical and laboratory prognosis, low efficiency of imaging methods, inaccurate assessment of the radicality of the surgery are the components of the problem of this variant of the disease. Quality of life (QOL) is an important criterion for the effectiveness of surgical treatment. A study of the QOL in patients with multigland parathyroid disease in PHPT has not been previously conducted in our country. The aim of the study. To assess the quality of life of patients with single- and multigland parathyroid disease in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy (PTE). Methods. As part of a prospective observational study, the quality of life of 64 patients with PHPT before and after PTE was assessed using SF-36 (Short Form 36) questionnaire: main group (n  =  13) – patients with multigland parathyroid disease; comparison group (n = 51) – patients with single-gland parathyroid disease. The quality of life indicators of the patients were compared with those in a sample of the Irkutsk region population similar in gender and age. Results. Before performing PTE, the quality of life of patients with PHPT was lower than that of the Irkutsk region population. The greatest decrease in both health components was registered in the main group. In 90 % of patients, the quality of life improved after PTE, while in the main group changes were established 1 year after the surgery, in the comparison group – 6 months after the surgery. Transient complications (laryngeal paresis) and disease outcomes (hypocalcemia, hypoparathyroidism) did not interfere with the improvement of quality of life in both groups. When persistence was detected, no significant improvement in QOL was established. Conclusion. The quality of life of patients with PHPT is significantly reduced. PTE improves the QOL of these patients, and only persistence of the disease does not allow this to be achieved. Therefore, surgical tactics aimed at reducing the frequency of persistence will achieve a decent quality of life in the majority of patients with multigland parathyroid disease in PHPT

Non-invasive diagnostics of extrahepatic portal hypertension at the proliferative processes in the pancreas

The study of hemodynamics in 199 patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer was performed with use of radiological diagnostics methods: ultrasound research, CT and. portal scintigraphy. Ultrasound examination with color and. power Doppler, CT with 3D-reconstruction give an idea of the local hemodynamic changes in extrahepatic portal hypertension and. can identify preoperative anatomic and. topographic relationship of great vessels in their involvement in mass lesion of the pancreas. Portal scintigraphy with accuracy 83 %, sensitivity 62 % and. specificity 100 % functional condition evaluates collateral flow in extrahepatic portal hypertensio

INFLUENZA VIRUS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA IN 2011-2012

In the result of the monitoring for influenza in the Novosibirsk region during the season 2011-2012 85 strains of influenza virus on the culture of MDCK cells were isolated: 79 strains A (H3N2) and 6 strains of influenza virus B (five strains belonged to the Yamagata line and. 1 strain belonged to the Victoria line). During the entire epidemic season 2011-2012 on the territory of the Novosibirsk region no strains of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 were allocated. For molecular genetic analysis 3 strains of influenza A (H3N2) were selected. We determined full nucleotide sequence of NA and. HA genes encoding respective surface glycoproteins of influenza virus, as well as the comparative analysis of amino acid sequences of these proteins to the strains of influenza A (H3N2), vaccine strain and. the strain A/Victoria/361/2011 earlier seasons, for which diagnostic serum were obtained

Initial and severe cases of influenza in 2020-2022 and population immunity prior to epidemic season

The purpose of the present work was to evaluate population immunity to influenza and molecular genetic analysis of influenza viruses detected in the Russian Federation over 2020-2022. In this study, 1344 samples of blood serum collected prior to the 2021-2022 flu season in Siberian, Southern, Far Eastern, Volga and Ural Federal Districts were studied. Seropositivity to the A/Victoria/2570/2019 vaccine strain (H1N1) pdm09 was detected in 25% to 31% of samples from the four federal districts, and in 8% of samples from the Far Eastern Federal District. Seropositivity to the A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 strain (H3N2) was detected in 24% to 37% of the samples. The lowest population immunity was revealed to the influenza B/Washington/02/2019 vaccine strain (Victoria lineage), with < 10% of serum samples reactive to the studied strain. Since March 2020, the worldwide turnover of all seasonal respiratory viruses has sharply decreased, except of rhinoviruses. From March 2020 to June 2021, we have identified six B/Victoria influenza viruses from sporadic cases of influenza. From June 2021 to the end February 2022, the State Research Center “Vector” received 901 samples positive for influenza A(H3N2) virus RNA, two specimens positive for A(H1N1) pdm09 virus RNA, and 17 samples positive for influenza B. All studied A(H3N2) viruses belonged to the 3C.2a1b.2a2 subclade (Bangladesh group). The two verified A(H1N1) pdm09 influenza viruses belonged to the 6B.1A.5a clade. All studied influenza B viruses were assigned to the B/Victoria genetic lineage, and to 1A.3a2 subclade. The genomes of all identified viruses did not contain mutations of the NA gene responsible for drug resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, or mutations in РA gene responsible for baloxavir resistance. All viruses tested by fluorescence assay were sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir. The worldwide frequency of influenza isolates resistant to antineuraminidase drugs does not exceed 1-2% of cases. Hence, oseltamivir and zanamivir provide effective treatment for seasonal influenza

Humoral immunity to influenza and severe influenza cases in Russia in 2018-2019

The aim of our work was to investigate the herd immunity to influenza viruses among population of Russia during autumn 2918; evaluation of severe cases of the infection over the season of2018-2019 epidemics, and confirmed cases of influenza in vaccinated persons. A total of 1835 samples of blood serum were studied. Neither sample did react in hemagglutination inhibition test with highly pathogenic A(H5N8) and A(H7N9) viral strains. 41 to 58% of samples, dependent on sampling region, showed significant antibody titers (> 40) against против вакцинного штамма the vaccinal A/Michigan/45/2015 strain (H1N1pdm09). 40 to 63% of the same sera were positive for epidemic A/Lipetsk/1V/2018 strain (H1N1pdm09), isolated at the start of epidemic season (26.11.2018). From 26 to 46% of the samples were seropositive towards vaccinal strain A/Singapore/ INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2), and 10 to 23% towards Yamagata influenza B genetic strain. Severe influenza cases during the 2018-2019 epidemic season were caused, mainly, by influenza A virus, with predominance of A/H1N1pdm09 (52.5%), with only 3% of cases caused by influenza A viruses. 217 cases of influenza with lethal outcome were confirmed, of them about a half of these cases (44.7%) affected older persons (> 60 years old), 29% were diagnosed in the group of 46-59 years old. Eight lethal cases of influenza infection (3.7%) were documented in the persons vaccinated before the vaccination season. Over 75% of patients with lethal influenza cases had concomitant diseases, with cardiovascular disorders, obesity, diabetes, urogenital diseases, infectious diseases (HIV, hepatitis) being most often. Hence, vaccination against influenza remains the most effective protective tool, especially in the risk groups. The study was performed in the frames of the state task contract (ГЗ-1/16 and ГЗ-2/18)

2019–2020 herd immunity to seasonal influenza viruses prior to epidemic season and rate of severe disease cases

The aim was to analyze heard immunity against influenza viruses as well as severe course of influenza infection prior to the 2019–2020 epidemic season. Methods. Blood sera samples were collected prior to and after conducting population-wide influenza vaccination campaign at the sanitary and epidemiological centers in different regions of the Russian Federation as well as at the Siberian Federal District, respectively. Sera samples were tested by using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay with vaccine strains A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09, A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2), B/Colorado/06/2017 (Victoria lineage). Baseline clinical and autopsy materials in case of influenza infection in vaccinated patients or severe and fatal influenza cases were collected to be tested by RT-PCR at the sanitary and epidemiological centers, Rospotrebnadzor. All influenza-virus positive samples were further sent to the SRC VB “Vector”. Results. A total of 7,896 and 600 blood serum samples were collected from subjects at Siberian Federal District prior to and after the populationwide influenza vaccination campaign, respectively. Prior to the epidemic season, the proportion of individuals seropositive for the influenza A virus subtypes A/(H1N1)pdm09 and A/H3N2 exceeded 50% in most of the regions, whereas frequency of those seropositive for the influenza B virus was profoundly lower ranging from 12 to 46% in the Northwestern Federal District and Volga Federal District, respectively. After influenza vaccination, the percentage of seropositive subjects in the Siberian Federal District increased as follows: for influenza subtype A/(H1N1)pdm09 — from 66 up to 79%, influenza subtype A/H3N2 — from 68 up to 78%, and for influenza B/Victoria — from 32 up to 47%. In 2019–2020, influenza B virus more frequently caused severe infection that agrees with the herd immunity data prior to the epidemic season. However, the vast majority of the influenza cases with fatal outcome was associated with influenza virus A A/H1N1pdm09 subtype. Conclusion. Quality of influenza vaccine, especially that one intended to vaccinate risk group subjects remains a crucial issue for contemporary scientific community. The study was conducted within the framework of the State Assignments no. 1/16 and 2/18

Fatal cases of seasonal influenza in Russia in 2015-2016

The influenza epidemic in 2015-2016 in Russia is characterized by a sharp increase of influenza cases (beginning from the second week of 2016) with increased fatalities. Influenza was confirmed in 20 fatal cases registered among children (0±10 years), in 5 cases among pregnant women, and in 173 cases among elderly people (60 years and older). Two hundred and ninety nine people died from influenza were patients with some chronic problems. The overwhelming majority among the deceased (more than 98%) were not vaccinated against influenza. We isolated 109 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and one A(H3N2) virus strains from 501 autopsy material samples. The antigenic features of the strains were similar to the vaccine strains. A phylogenic analysis of hemagglutinin revealed that influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus strains belonged to 6B genetic group that had two main dominant subgroups during the 2015±2016 season. In Russia strains of the first group predominated. We registered an increased proportion of strains with D222G mutation in receptor-binding site. A herd immunity analysis carried out immediately prior to the epidemic showed that 34.4% blood sera samples collected in different regions of Russia were positive to A/California/07/09(H1N1)pdm09. We came to a conclusion that public awareness enhancement is necessary to reduce unreasonable refusals of vaccination. © 2016 Ilyicheva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited