13,969 research outputs found
Integrating Econometric Models of Australia's Livestock Industries: Implications for Forecasting and Other Economic Analyses
The perceived value of integrating small partial- equilibrium structural models of individual livestock industries into a comprehensive single-sector model is to take advantage of the interrelationships that are usually expressed by cross elasticities on both the supply and demand sides of these industries. Model integration should provide a more realistic representation of the livestock industries and an improved mechanism for industry analyses. However, model integration could also lead to increased error in model simulation that could reduce the value of the larger model for those purposes. Using forecasting as an example application, this paper investigates how the increased endogenisation of cross-commodity relationships in alternative structural econometric models of the Australian livestock industries affects the simulation performance of the larger model. Forecast accuracy and encompassing tests were used to investigate the value of model integration by comparing the accuracy of the models' forecasts and by testing for differences in the information contained in those forecasts. The general result was that combining the models did not adversely affect the forecasts from the integrated model and the encompassing tests indicated that the forecasts of the integrated and single models contained different information. Because the forecasts of the integrated model were not impaired relative to the single model forecasts, model integration was considered to be useful for forecasting and other types of economic analysis in the livestock industries.Structural econometric models, Model integration, Forecasting, Economic analysis, Livestock Production/Industries,
Australian Sheep Industry CRC: Economic Evaluations of Scientific Research Programs
By the end of its seven-year term in 2007-08, the Australian Sheep Industry CRC (Sheep CRC) will have received total funds of about 30 million, and in-kind contributions valued at 191.3 million, and a total benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 8.1:1 (both at a 5% real rate of discount), indicating that the Sheep CRCâs total research investment over all programs has the potential to return about 1 of research investment funds.sheep research, economic evaluations, economic-surplus- benefit-cost analysis., Agribusiness, Farm Management, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Q160,
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Software Development for Laser Engineered Net Shaping
Laser Engineered Net Shaping, also known as LENSTM, is an advanced manufacturing technique used to
fabricate near-net shaped, fully dense metal components directly from computer solid models without the
use oftraditional machining processes. The LENSTM process uses a high powered laser to create a molten
pool into which powdered metal is injected and solidified. Like many SFF techniques, LENSTM parts are
made through a layer additive process. In the current system, for any given layer, the laser is held
stationary, while the part and its associated substrate is moved, allowing for the each layer's geometry to
be formed. Individual layers are generated by tracing out the desired border, followed by filling in the
remaining volume. Recent research into LENSTM has highlighted the sensitivity ofthe processes to
multiple software controllable parameters such as substrate travel velocity, border representation, and fill
patterns. This research is aimed at determining optimal border outlines and fill patterns for LENSTM and
at developing the associated software necessary for automating the creation ofthe desired motion control.Mechanical Engineerin
Ion-beam-enhanced adhesion in the electronic stopping region
The use of ion beams in the electronic stopping region to improve the adhesion of insulators to other materials is described. In particular, the bonding of Au films to Teflon, ferrite, and SiO2 was improved by bombarding them with He and Cl, respectively. Improvements in bonding were also observed for Au on glass, Au and Cu on sapphire, and Si3N4 on Si. The mechanism is apparently associated with sputtering and track forming processes occurring in the electronic stopping region. Some applications are discussed
Field-theory calculation of the electric dipole moment of the neutron and paramagnetic atoms
Electric dipole moments (edms) of bound states that arise from the
constituents having edms are studied with field-theoretic techniques. The
systems treated are the neutron and a set of paramagnetic atoms. In the latter
case it is well known that the atomic edm differs greatly from the electron edm
when the internal electric fields of the atom are taken into account. In the
nonrelativistic limit these fields lead to a complete suppression, but for
heavy atoms large enhancement factors are present. A general bound-state field
theory approach applicable to both the neutron and paramagnetic atoms is set
up. It is applied first to the neutron, treating the quarks as moving freely in
a confining spherical well. It is shown that the effect of internal electric
fields is small in this case. The atomic problem is then revisited using
field-theory techniques in place of the usual Hamiltonian methods, and the
atomic enhancement factor is shown to be consistent with previous calculations.
Possible application of bound-state techniques to other sources of the neutron
edm is discussed.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure
Contrasting the capabilities of building energy performance simulation programs
For the past 50 years, a wide variety of building energy simulation programs have been developed, enhanced and are in use throughout the building energy community. This paper is an overview of a report, which provides up-to-date comparison of the features and capabilities of twenty major building energy simulation programs. The comparison is based on information provided by the program developers in the following categories: general modeling features; zone loads; building envelope and daylighting and solar; infiltration, ventilation and multizone airflow; renewable energy systems; electrical systems and equipment; HVAC systems; HVAC equipment; environmental emissions; economic evaluation; climate data availability, results reporting; validation; and user interface, links to other programs, and availability
The National Flood Insurance Program: Unattained Purposes, Liability in Contract, and Takings
Sheep CRC Renewal Proposal: Economic Evaluation of the Proposed Scientific Themes
The Australian sheep industry and its associated research and development agencies have developed a proposal for the CRC for Sheep Industry Innovation. âTop-downâ and âbottomupâ procedures were used to assess the expected economic benefits from this proposal. Formal âwith-CRCâ and âwithout-CRCâ scenarios were defined for each product and each research theme. Relevant costs were similarly defined. The requested investment by the Commonwealth and the Australian sheep industry in the CRC is assessed relative to a scenario where an alternative, lower cost research program into this industry is implemented. These extra resources have a discounted value of about 518 million in present value terms, which is far in excess of the marginal investment. Thus every 15.30 to the industry in present value terms.wool, sheep meat, research and development, economic, evaluation, Australia, Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Q160,
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