80 research outputs found
Associations between psychological distress and the most concerning present personal problems among working-age men in Japan
Individual participant data meta-analysis to compare EPDS accuracy to detect major depression with and without the self-harm item
Item 10 of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is intended to assess thoughts of intentional self-harm but may also elicit concerns about accidental self-harm. It does not specifically address suicide ideation but, nonetheless, is sometimes used as an indicator of suicidality. The 9-item version of the EPDS (EPDS-9), which omits item 10, is sometimes used in research due to concern about positive endorsements of item 10 and necessary follow-up. We assessed the equivalence of total score correlations and screening accuracy to detect major depression using the EPDS-9 versus full EPDS among pregnant and postpartum women. We searched Medline, Medline In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from database inception to October 3, 2018 for studies that administered the EPDS and conducted diagnostic classification for major depression based on a validated semi-structured or fully structured interview among women aged 18 or older during pregnancy or within 12 months of giving birth. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis. We calculated Pearson correlations with 95% prediction interval (PI) between EPDS-9 and full EPDS total scores using a random effects model. Bivariate random-effects models were fitted to assess screening accuracy. Equivalence tests were done by comparing the confidence intervals (CIs) around the pooled sensitivity and specificity differences to the equivalence margin of δ = 0.05. Individual participant data were obtained from 41 eligible studies (10,906 participants, 1407 major depression cases). The correlation between EPDS-9 and full EPDS scores was 0.998 (95% PI 0.991, 0.999). For sensitivity, the EPDS-9 and full EPDS were equivalent for cut-offs 7–12 (difference range − 0.02, 0.01) and the equivalence was indeterminate for cut-offs 13–15 (all differences − 0.04). For specificity, the EPDS-9 and full EPDS were equivalent for all cut-offs (difference range 0.00, 0.01). The EPDS-9 performs similarly to the full EPDS and can be used when there are concerns about the implications of administering EPDS item 10. Trial registration: The original IPDMA was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42015024785)
Prevalence and risk of mental disorders in the perinatal period among migrant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Enforcing IPR Through Informal Institutions: The Possible Role of Religion in Fighting Software Piracy
Mosaic Module Concept for Cost-Efficient and Aesthetic BIPV Modules
We present a module concept based on metal-wrap-through solar cells and conductive copper backsheets that offers a high degree of aesthetic freedom and allows individual designs. Our metal-wrap-through cell design features sub-cells that allow splitting and individual cell sizes enabling a flexible module design. We show results from sample manufacturing and façade mock-up implementation. The manufacturing is performed using automated equipment and low-temperature solder pastes. The process step of “tabbing/stringing” can be omitted compared to conventional PV module manufacturing. We perform IV measurements and a cell-to-module loss analysis. Results show that, considering the aperture area of the cells, competitive cell-to-module power ratios (~95%) are achieved. We estimate the mosaic module costs to be between 57 and 68 €/m² (depending on specific design) compared to 45 €/m² for common industrial, utility scale solar modules
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