Supplementary Material for: Utility of an Internal Retractor (EndoGrab) for the Management of the Vesicouterine Ligament during Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The study aims to prevent serious urologic injury during a radical hysterectomy; we propose that one of the most important procedural steps is the careful management of the vesicouterine ligament (VUL). <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Between January 2013 and October 2014, we used a novel internal retractor in 17 patients undergoing a laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) for early-stage cervical cancer to obtain and secure a better surgical view. For management of the VUL during the laparoscopic procedure, we routinely used an internal retractor (EndoGrab; Virtual Ports, Misgav, Israel) and vessel tape to reposition the ureter in a safe lateral-caudal direction. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Using an EndoGrab, we were easily able to reproduce a suitable surgical view that simulated the one obtained by an abdominal route for radical hysterectomy. Using this improved laparoscopic procedure, we completed radical hysterectomies in all 17 cases without a ureteral injury complication. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our modified method using an EndoGrab is effective for the prevention of ureteral injury during a LRH, and its ease of use makes it suitable even for those surgeons early in their laparoscopic learning curve

12 new susceptibility loci for prostate cancer identified by genome-wide association study in Japanese population.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ~170 genetic loci associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but most of them were identified in European populations. We here performed a GWAS and replication study using a large Japanese cohort (9,906 cases and 83,943 male controls) to identify novel susceptibility loci associated with PCa risk. We found 12 novel loci for PCa including rs1125927 (TMEM17, P = 3.95 × 10-16), rs73862213 (GATA2, P = 5.87 × 10-23), rs77911174 (ZMIZ1, P = 5.28 × 10-20), and rs138708 (SUN2, P = 1.13 × 10-15), seven of which had crucially low minor allele frequency in European population. Furthermore, we stratified the polygenic risk for Japanese PCa patients by using 82 SNPs, which were significantly associated with Japanese PCa risk in our study, and found that early onset cases and cases with family history of PCa were enriched in the genetically high-risk population. Our study provides important insight into genetic mechanisms of PCa and facilitates PCa risk stratification in Japanese population