Filters with Multi-Loop Feedback Structure in Current Mode

Universal multifunctional (low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject and all-pass) nth-order active RC filters in current mode are presented in this paper. The filters are based on several multi-loop feedback and state-variable structures. Their modification and implementation using multi-output transconductors (OTA) and current followers are given

All-Pass Filters in Current Mode

Analogue first, second and high-order all-pass active filters in the current mode, with constant group delay and magnitude responses, are presented in this paper. These filters are based on a modification of the multi-loop feedback canonical structures using signal flow graphs. Implementations by multi-output transconductors, namely classical OTAs and novel CDTAs are given

On Canonical Structures of ARC Biquadratic Filters with Single Transconductor

The paper deals with simple canonical structures of the second order ARC filters employing only single transconductor (OTA) and passive components R and C. A systematic design procedure of this circuits based on the given autonomous networks is described. Several appropriate general autonomous circuits are presented and studied

In the shadow of the giant : the impact of the industrial city on identity in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American literature.

The Industrial Era in America ushered in a time of unprecedented economic growth, yet unfortunately, the industrial-consumer culture created by this growth fostered a devaluation of the American individual during this time in history. This study looks at four novels written during this era--Steven Crane's Maggie, Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie, Sherwood Anderson's Poor White, and John Dos Passos' Manhattan Transfer--and discusses the ways in which the authors of these books highlight the devaluation of people in the Industrial Era through their depictions of urban life in these novels. In Maggie, Crane uses an impressionistic portrayal of New York City to reveal deep social contrasts that affect the value its inhabitants place on themselves and others around them. Dreiser's Sister Carrie shows how industrialism during the late nineteenth century spawned a crazed consumerism in American culture that encouraged people to ground their senses of significance in their social status and buying power. The growth of Bidwell, Ohio, into an industrial city in Anderson's Poor White illustrates the sense of confusion and displacement people experienced during industrialism, a confusion that came as a result of being alienated from things in which they once found their value and significance. Finally, in Manhattan Transfer, Dos Passos likens the industrial city to an unyielding machine and, by way of this analogy, shows the way in which the industrial city robbed people of individual significance by demanding conformity to the industrial system

Nodal Analysis of Circuits Containing Current Conveyors

A special method of the nodal analysis of the circuits containing several types of the multiport current conveyors is presented in this paper. The method is based on the given regular and homogeneous models of the irregular current conveyors by the gyrators. Then a diakoptic solving and modification of the inversion of the admittance matrix is applie

Study of Adjustable Gains for Control of Oscillation Frequency and Oscillation Condition in 3R-2C Oscillator

An idea of adjustable gain in order to obtain controllable features is very useful for design of tuneable oscillators. Several active elements with adjustable properties (current and voltage gain) are discussed in this paper. Three modified oscillator conceptions that are quite simple, directly electronically adjustable, providing independent control of oscillation condition and frequency were designed. Positive and negative aspects of presented method of control are discussed. Expected assumptions of adjustability are verified experimentally on one of the presented solution

High-Order Lowpass Filters Using DVCC Elements

Special cells using a differential voltage current conveyor are presented. The use of these cells for high-order lowpass filter design is described. The filters can be designed to operate in different modes

Exploring the hidden potential of sugar beet industry brownfields (case study of the Czech Republic).

The paper focuses on spatial analyses of sugar beet industry brownfields in the Czech Republic. In the first part of the paper history of sugar beet industry on the area of the Czech Republic is briefly presented, then links between location of these sites and its transport potential are discussed. Benefits of brownfields regeneration for regional development are also evaluated. In the empirical part of the paper 49 brownfield sites within the Czech Republic, where the sugar beet industry was abandoned during the transition period after 1989, are evaluated and classified based on field research and aerial picture analyses. Three examples of reuse of former sugar beet factories are finally presented. It was found that development potential of studied sites is highly depended on their geographical location and some inspiration might be derived from presented examples. More targeted supportive policy in the Czech Republic to support regeneration of brownfields is needed. In the concluding part of the paper further development possibilities of sugar beet industry brownfields and their railway connection are considered

Overstepping the bounds: Domestic upheaval, removal, and personhood in nineteenth-century American women's writing

This project discusses works by three nineteenth-century American women writers who wrote in the sentimental, domestic genre so popular with readers in an era that upheld domesticity, a dominant nineteenth-century ideology that designated home as middle-class women’s main realm of influence, as the foremost authority on women’s identity. While many sentimental and domestic works from the era embrace domesticity and its exaltation of women as wives and mothers first and foremost, Catharine Maria Sedgwick, Susan Warner, and Harriet Jacobs, while not completely resisting this ideology, push beyond it to engage in conversations regarding women’s identity that highlight nuance and individuality. This study examines these writers’ general descriptions of domestic space in their works and significantly underscores the representations of domestic upheaval and removal they feature. In addressing this upheaval, this project demonstrates how each writer not only exposes the porous and illusory nature of home’s borders but also uses this dismantling of boundaries to forward versions of personhood for women that overstep the group identity assigned them by the ideology of domesticity and to advance instead an identity that underscores women’s individual personhood.While the introduction briefly explains how I initially formed my line of inquiry for this study, the second chapter provides a concise history of scholars’ critical assessments of nineteenth-century American women’s writing and how this project adds to this scholarship. Chapter Three explores Catharine Maria Sedgwick’s language and scenes of exile within four of her novels and argues that the author uses domestic upheaval as an opportunity to showcase her heroines’ unique identities. Focusing on Susan Warner’s The Wide, Wide World (1850), Chapter Four discusses how Warner’s heroine, Ellen Montgomery, overcomes the instability of her early removal from home and develops a stable sense of self through her Calvinst belief in heaven as her one unchanging home. Chapter Five then analyzes Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861) for how Linda Brent’s longing for a home of her own indicates more than simply ownership of a domestic space, and the conclusion brings everything full circle to address the twentieth-century’s New Domesticity