Anatomical and Cytological Features of Spathoglottis Plicata From Java Island

Spathoglottis plicata is a ground orchid that displays large variation in flower features. In spite of large variation on morphological characters, its anatomical and cytological characters are not well known. This paper described the leaf anatomical and chromosomal features of S. plicata. Leaf anatomy was observed from both transverse and paradermal sections of leaves. Chromosome numbers were observed from root tip cells. Epidermis of all S. plicata variants comprised of two cell shapes, the rectangle cells located above veins, while the polygonal one located in between veins. Stomatal type was brachitetracyclic, which were only found on lower epidermis. Leaf transversal section comprised of one layer of upper and lower epidermis, spongy mesophyll, and vascular tissue. The number of leaf hair varied depended on the original habitat and altitute. All variants of S. plicata had same chromosome number (2n=40)

Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Paku Terestrial Di Hutan Kota DKI Jakarta [Terestrial Ferns Diversity in Urban Forest DKI Jakarta]

Urban forest is one of the green open area consisted of natural forest-like vegetation. It has suitable microclimate for understory habitat, including terrestrial ferns. The diversity of fern in three urban forest in DKI Jakarta is reported, i.e the urban forest at The University of Indonesia (UI) Campus, The Cibubur Arboretum and PT JIEP (Jakarta Industrial Estate Pulogadung). Vegetation analysis was conducted by purposive sampling method with a transect line of 200 m in each location with 15 plots of (3x3) m2 each. Fern determination was done based on herbarium specimens and literatures. Fern diversity was analyzed based on Shannon diversity index, and equality index. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed to determine the correlation between fern diversity and abiotic factors. There were 18 fern species classified into 11 genera and eight families, at the UI urban forest and Cibubur Arboretum, but there was no fern in PT JIEP. Fern with the highest importance value index was Sphaerostephanos sp. (161.33%) in The UI urban forest, and Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. (71.63%) in Cibubur Arboretum. The CCA result showed that the fern diversity correlated to four abiotic factors i.e temperature,humidity, light intensity and soil pH

Growth and Development of Apogamous Adiantum Lunulatum Burm. F. Gametophyte From Dry and Humid Areas in Java Island

Adiantum lunulatum Burm. f. has been widely used in aesthetic needs and medical fields. Detail information about the life cycle of A. lunulatum is still unknown, particularly about its gametophyte generation. Present work aimed to study and compare the growth and development of the gametophytes of A. lunulatum from dry and humid areas. Research method consists of two stages: (1) Spores were collected from two locations, Pasuruan and Bogor and (2) Spores were planted and observed the growth and development of gametophyte. The result showed that natural habitat of the plant in various dry and humid areas, affecting the rate of growth and development rates of A. lunulatum gametophyte. The gametophyte from the dry area showed faster rate of growth and development than that of humid areas. The spores collected from dry area need 9 weeks for germination, growth, and development while the spores of humid area took 22 weeks

Growth and Development of Apogamous Adiantum Lunulatum Burm. F. Gametophyte From Dry and Humid Areas in Java Island

Adiantum lunulatum Burm. f. has been widely used in aesthetic needs and medical fields. Detail information about the life cycle of A. lunulatum is still unknown, particularly about its gametophyte generation. Present work aimed to study and compare the growth and development of the gametophytes of A. lunulatum from dry and humid areas. Research method consists of two stages: (1) Spores were collected from two locations, Pasuruan and Bogor and (2) Spores were planted and observed the growth and development of gametophyte. The result showed that natural habitat of the plant in various dry and humid areas, affecting the rate of growth and development rates of A. lunulatum gametophyte. The gametophyte from the dry area showed faster rate of growth and development than that of humid areas. The spores collected from dry area need 9 weeks for germination, growth, and development while the spores of humid area took 22 weeks

Pengetahuan Tentang Tumbuhan Masyarakat Tengger di Bromo Tengger Semeru Jawa Timur

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan sistem pengetahuan botani tradisional masyarakat Tengger di Bromo Tengger Semeru Jawa Timur, meliputi pemanfaatan tumbuhan untuk pemenuhan berbagai kebutuhan hidup mereka. Mereka mengandalkan pertanian dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan, tempat tinggal,kayu bakar, obat-obatan, barang dagangan dan keperluan ritualnya. Penelitian dilakukan di sebelas lokasi yaitu di desa Ngadas, Gubuklakah kecamatan Poncokusumo kabupaten Malang, desa Wonokitri, Mororejo kecamatan Tosari, desa Ngadirejo kecamatan Tutur, desa Keduwung kecamatan Puspo kabupaten Pasuruan, desa Ngadisari dan Ngadas kecamatan Sukapura, kabupaten Probolinggo dan desa Ranupani, desa Argosari kecamatan Senduro kabupaten Lumajang Propinsi Jawa Timur. Metoda penelitian dilakukan wawancara terstruktur dan wawancara bebas untuk pengamatan langsung kemudian dianalisis dengan ICS (index cultural significance) dan UVS (nilai guna jenis tumbuhan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Tengger dalam kehidupannya mengandalkan sumber alam tumbuhan untuk berbagai keperluan dan memiliki pengetahuan cukup baik tentang keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan di sekitar mereka. Berbagai pemanfaatan jenis tumbuhan digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari adalah untuk bahan pangan (67 jenis), obat-obatan dan racun (120 jenis), bahan bangunan, tali-temali, bahan kayu bakar, teknologi lokal (52 jenis), konservasi dan liar (144 species), bumbu, pewarna, rokok, kecantikan (40 jenis), buah dan biji (50 jenis) pakan ternak (44 jenis), hias (138 jenis) dan bahan ritual (91 jenis), Selanjutnya hasil perhitungan indeks kepentingan budaya menunjukan 1 jenis memiliki nilai tinggi yaitu padi dan 10 jenis memiliki nilai manfaat jenis tinggi dan UVs terdiri 2 jenis memiliki nilai paling tinggi

Evaluation of Pulasan (Nephelium Ramboutan-ake) Genetic Diversity in Bogor, West Java, Using Microsatellite Markers

Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh) fruit is highly similar to rambutan rapiah (Nephelium lappaceum) fruit with ovate shape, sweet and sour fresh taste, but it has a thick rind. The diversity of pulasan is little informed including in Bogor. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of pulasan from Bogor revealed by microsatellite marker. The DNA of 63 individuals from 10 populations of pulasan were extracted using CTAB method and amplified using two primer sets, LMLY6 (GA)9(CA)2(GA)4 dan LMLY12 (CT)11. DNA amplification product was visualized and arranged in a matrix of binary data then analyzed the value of the number of different alleles (Na), the number of effective alleles (Ne), Shannon information index (I), heterozygosity (He), and the percentage of polymorphism (PLP). The results of the analysis showed the highest genetic diversity was found in North Bogor (He=0.313). The genetic diversity within a population (61%) was higher than that among populations (39%). A dendrogram was constructed using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). The similarity index ranged from 52 to 100% that means there are close relationships among individuals. Cluster analyses grouped some individuals originated from different locations in the same group. The levels of heterozygosity within a population was determined by the history of each individual in a population

A new species of Freycinetia Gaudich (Pandanaceae) from West Kalimantan, Indonesia

A new species Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki & Rugayah is described and illustrated based on specimen character from Mount Nyiut-Sambas, West Kalimantan (Indonesia). The species is differed from others by having sessile pedicellus, concave cylindrical of inner bracts and bright red bracts

Ethnobotany of MandailingTribe in Batang Gadis National Park

Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP) located in Bukit Barisan Mountains, Sumatera Utara. A Mandailing tribe who lives around the BGNP, has the unique local knowledge, such as processing young stem of rattan (Calamus manan) into pakkat (traditional food) and use rimbang (Solanum torvum) to neutralize toxins. These local knowledge could be lost because it only inherited orally from generation to generation. This study was aimed to reveal ethnobotany knowledge of Mandailing Tribe. The study was conducted in November 2015 in four villages around the BGNP, Sibanggor Jae, Hutabaringin Julu, Pastap Jae, and Botung Villages. Data were collected by interviewing informants in each village as well as the field survey through two approaches, emic and etic. A total of 262 plant species is used by Mandailing Tribe for subsistence and commercial needs. The highest utilization is for food (106 species), followed by traditional medicines (81 species), firewood (29 species), building materials (35 species), and animal feed (25 species). People also used plant for household appliances, agricultural equipment, art materials, ropes and wrap, and pest control materials. Eme/rice (Oryza sativa) have the highest Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) values. The existence of this species is maintained for its local wisdom. Thus, involvement of local community will give great contribution to manage and conserve the BGNP area