41,769 research outputs found
Observation of a (2X8) surface reconstruction on Si_(1-x)Ge_x alloys grown on (100) Si by molecular beam epitaxy
We present evidence supporting the formation of a new, (2Ă8) surface reconstruction on Si_(1âx)Ge_x alloys grown on (100) Si substrates by molecularâbeam epitaxy. Surfaces of Si_(1âx)Ge_x alloys were studied using reflection highâenergy electron diffraction (RHEED) and lowâenergy electron diffraction (LEED) techniques. RHEED patterns from samples with Ge concentrations, x, falling within the range 0.10â0.30 and grown at temperatures between 350 and 550â°C, exhibit n/8 fractionalâorder diffraction streaks in addition to the normal (2Ă1) pattern seen on (100) Si. The presence of fractionalâorder diffracted beams is indicative of an eightâfoldâperiodic modulation in electron scattering factor across the alloy surface. LEED patterns from surfaces of samples grown under similar conditions are entirely consistent with these results. In addition, the LEED patterns support the conclusion that the modulation is occurring in the direction of the dimer chains of a (2Ă1) reconstruction. We have examined the thermal stability of the (2Ă8) reconstruction and have found that it reverts to (2Ă1) after annealing to 700â°C and reappears after the sample temperature is allowed to cool below 600â°C. Such behavior suggests that the reconstruction is a stable, ordered phase for which the pairâcorrelation function of surface Ge atoms exhibits an eightfold periodicity in the "1" direction of a Siâlike (2Ă1) reconstruction. We also present a simulation in the kinematic approximation, confirming the validity of our interpretation of these finding
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction studies of the growth of lnAs/Ga_(1-x)In_xSb strained-layer superlattices
We have used reflection highâenergy electron diffraction to study the surface periodicity of the growth front of InAs/GaInSb strainedâlayer superlattices (SLSs). We found that the apparent surface lattice spacing reproducibly changed during layers which subsequent xâray measurements indicated were coherently strained. Abrupt changes in the measured streak spacings were found to be correlated to changes in the growth flux. The profile of the dynamic streak spacing was found to be reproducible when comparing consecutive periods of a SLSs or different SLSs employing the same shuttering scheme at the InAs/GaInSb interface. Finally, when the interface shuttering scheme was changed, it was found that the dynamic streak separation profile also changed. Large changes in the shuttering scheme led to dramatic differences in the streak separation profile, and small changes in the shuttering scheme led to minor changes in the profile. In both cases, the differences in the surface periodicity profile occurred during the parts of the growth where the incident fluxes differed
Phase properties of hypergeometric states and negative hypergeometric states
We show that the three quantum states (Plya states, the
generalized non-classical states related to Hahn polynomials and negative
hypergeometric states) introduced recently as intermediates states which
interpolate between the binomial states and negative binomial states are
essentially identical. By using the Hermitial-phase-operator formalism, the
phase properties of the hypergeometric states and negative hypergeometric
states are studied in detail. We find that the number of peaks of phase
probability distribution is one for the hypergeometric states and for the
negative hypergeometric states.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Chiral Corrections to Hyperon Axial Form Factors
We study the complete set of flavor changing hyperon axial current matrix
elements at small momentum transfer. Using partially quenched heavy baryon
chiral perturbation theory, we derive the chiral and momentum behavior of the
axial and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The meson pole contributions to
the latter posses a striking signal for chiral physics. We argue that the study
of hyperon axial matrix elements enables a systematic lattice investigation of
the efficacy of three flavor chiral expansions in the baryon sector. This can
be achieved by considering chiral corrections to SU(3) symmetry predictions,
and their partially quenched generalizations. In particular, despite the
presence of eight unknown low-energy constants, we are able to make
next-to-leading order symmetry breaking predictions for two linear combinations
of axial charges.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected and a new NLO prediction adde
77Se NMR Investigation of the K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2) High Tc Superconductor (Tc=33K)
We report a comprehensive 77Se NMR study of the structural, magnetic, and
superconducting properties of a single crystalline sample of the newly
discovered FeSe-based high temperature superconductor K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2) (Tc=33K)
in a broad temperature range up to 290 K. We will compare our results with
those reported for FeSe (Tc=9K) and FeAs-based high Tc systems.Comment: Final versio
Spatially resolved characterization of InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot structures by scanning spreading resistance microscopy
Cross-sectional scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) is used to investigate stacked InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot(QD)structures with different doping schemes. Spatially resolved imaging of the QDs by SSRM is demonstrated. The SSRM contrast obtained for the QD layers is found to depend on doping in the structure. In the undoped structures both QD-layers and QDs within the layers could be resolved, while in the dopedstructures the QD layers appear more or less uniformly broadened. The origin of the SSRM contrast in the QD layer in the different samples is discussed and correlated with doping schemes.T. Hakkarainen, O. Douhéret, and S. Anand would like
to acknowledge the Swedish Research Council VR for fi-
nancial support and the Kurt-Alice Wallenberg KAW foundation
for financing the microscope. L. Fu, H. H. Tan, and C.
Jagadish would like to acknowledge the Australian Research
Council ARC for financial support and Australian National
Fabrication Facility ANFF for access to the facilities
Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) PARM tape user's guide
The Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) instrument, onboard the Nimbus-7 spacecraft, collected data from Oct. 1978 until Jun. 1986. The data were processed to physical parameter level products. Geophysical parameters retrieved include the following: sea-surface temperatures, sea-surface windspeed, total column water vapor, and sea-ice parameters. These products are stored on PARM-LO, PARM-SS, and PARM-30 tapes. The geophysical parameter retrieval algorithms and the quality of these products are described for the period between Nov. 1978 and Oct 1985. Additionally, data formats and data availability are included
- âŠ