Synthetic biology open language (SBOL) version 3.1.0

Abstract Synthetic biology builds upon genetics, molecular biology, and metabolic engineering by applying engineering principles to the design of biological systems. When designing a synthetic system, synthetic biologists need to exchange information about multiple types of molecules, the intended behavior of the system, and actual experimental measurements. The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) has been developed as a standard to support the specification and exchange of biological design information in synthetic biology, following an open community process involving both bench scientists and scientific modelers and software developers, across academia, industry, and other institutions. This document describes SBOL 3.1.0, which improves on version 3.0.0 by including a number of corrections and clarifications as well as several other updates and enhancements. First, this version includes a complete set of validation rules for checking whether documents are valid SBOL 3. Second, the best practices section has been moved to an online repository that allows for more rapid and interactive of sharing these conventions. Third, it includes updates based upon six community approved enhancement proposals. Two enhancement proposals are related to the representation of an object’s namespace. In particular, the Namespace class has been removed and replaced with a namespace property on each class. Another enhancement is the generalization of the CombinatorialDeriviation class to allow direct use of Features and Measures. Next, the Participation class now allow Interactions to be participants to describe higher-order interactions. Another change is the use of Sequence Ontology terms for Feature orientation. Finally, this version of SBOL has generalized from using Unique Reference Identifiers (URIs) to Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) to support international character sets.</jats:p

IMPROVEMENT OF ACCURACY AND PRECISION IN NON-DESTRUCTIVE ASSAY OF WASTE FROM DECOMMISSIONING OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS

ABSTRACT An analysis and evaluation system for the characterization of radioactive waste from nuclear installations for both declaration and free-release measurement is presented. Based on the consideration of measurement data, a-priori information and databases at the same time, accuracy and precision in activity determination are improved and the results are set on a more reliable basis

Optimisation of gamma assay techniques for the standard quality checking of nuclear waste packages and samples

Rapporto EURATOM EUR 19127. Descrive i risultati di un lavoro di ricerca triennale compiuto in ambito EU per lo sviluppo e messa a punto di tecniche gamma per il controllo di qualità di manufatti di rifiuti radioattivi condizionat

Optimisation of gamma assay techniques for characterisation of radioactive waste packages

Conditioned radioactive waste has to meet the specifications and acceptance criteria defined by national regulatory and management authorities. Gamma scanning is one of the most widely used non-destructive assay techniques for routine quality checking of radioactive waste drums. The result of gamma scanning measurements is strongly influenced by the gamma attenuation in the waste matrix. Standard correction procedures for gamma-ray attenuation are often performed by drum weighing or calculation of corrective factors based on 'simple' assumptions regarding the distribution of density and activity in the waste. In the case of heterogeneous activity and/or matrix distribution uncertainties will be introduced when applying standard correction procedures that can lead to significant errors in the activity determination especially for medium and high density waste combined with low and medium gamma-ray energies (below ca. 500 keV). The main objective of the R and D project was to develop and test methods that will decrease systematic uncertainties and bias, caused by a lack of information on the activity and matrix distribution, by taking into account hte relevant characteristics of the waste package under inspection. For the applicability of the improved gamma assay techniques in routine operation two important requirements were defined: The methods should keep the inspection time in an acceptable range and the implementa tion into existing systems should be possible without extensive hardware modifications and at reasonable costs. A modelling software (SOLIDANG, /SCK-1/) was used to calculate the detection efficiency of 'standard' gamma scanning systems which helped to design, evaluate and optimise new scanning techniques. Validation of the simulation software has proven that SOLIDANG can be used as an efficient tool for performance evaluation nd optimisation of gamma assay techniques. With this software the quantitative influence of relevant parameters on the assay result was investigated with reduced experimental effort. The results lead to a better understanding of possible sources of bias. (orig.)Radioaktiver Abfall muss die jeweils gueltigen Spezifikationen und Annahmebedingungen erfuellen, die von den zustaendigen nationalen Aufsichtsbehoerden fuer die Zwischen- und Endlagerung festgelegt werden. Das Verfahren des 'Gamma-Scanning' gehoert zu den am haeufigsten eingesetzten zerstoerungsfreien Nachweismethoden zur Qualitaetskontrolle an Abfallgebinden. Das Ergebnis dieses Messverfahrens wird in erheblichem Umfang von den Abschwaechungseigenschaften der Gebindematrix fuer Gammastrahlung beeinflusst. Etablierte Verfahren zur Korrektur der Abschwaechungseffekte von Gammastrahlung basieren z.B. auf der Berechnung von Korrekturfaktoren aufgrund von vereinfachenden Annahmen ueber die Zusammensetzung und den Aufbau der Matrix. Zu den Simplifizierungen zaehlt z.B. die Annahme einer homogenen Dichte- und Aktivitaetsverteilung im Gebinde. Hieraus resultieren bei der Inventarbestimmung systematische Abweichungen zwischen der gemessenen und der tatsaechlichen Aktivitaet im Gebinde, die im Einzelfall nur schwer zu erfassen oder zu korrigieren sind. Diese 'Nachweisunsicherheit' kann vor allem bei niedrigen Gammaenergien und mittleren bis hohen Dichten im Abfall zu erheblichen Fehlern fuehren. Wesentliche Zielsetzung des durchgefuehrten F+E-Vorhabens war es, verbesserte Korrekturverfahren zur Beruecksichtigung von inhomogenen Dichte- und Aktivitaetsverteilungen fuer das Gamma-Scanning zu entwickeln, zu validieren und unter praxistauglichen Bedingungen zu implementieren. Ausgangspunkt der Entwicklung waren Methoden, die die individuellen Eigenschaften eines Abfallgebindes zu erfassen gestatten, welche fuer das Messergebnis wesentlich sind. Ausserdem sollten die entwickelten Verfahren die notwendige Messzeit pro Gebinde nicht deutlich erhoehen sowie in existierende Messsysteme durch Erweiterung implementiert werden koennen. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RA 831(3806) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekCommission of the European Communities (CEC), Brussels (Belgium)DEGerman

Improvement of passive and active neutron assay techniques for the characterisation of radioactive waste packages

A joint european experimental exercise for plutonium determination by time correlation analysi

Improvement of passive and active neutron assay techniques for the characterization of radioactive waste packages

A joint european exercise for plutonium determination in nuclear waste