Performance of voice over frame relay

Frame Relay (FR) represents one of the most important paradigm shifts in modern telecommunication. This technology is beginning to evolve from data only application to broad spectrum of multimedia users and potential to provide end users with cost effective transport of voice traffic for intra office communication. In this project the recent development in voice communication over Frame relay is investigated. Computer ssimulations were carried out using the powerful simulation software OPNET. Performance measures such as delays, jitter, and throughput are reported. It is evident from the results that real-time voice or video across a frame relay network providing acceptable performance is possible

Tension-induced non-linearities of flexural modes in nanomechanical resonators

We consider the tension-induced non-linearities of mechanical resonators, and derive the Hamiltonian of the flexural modes up to the fourth order in the position operators. This tension can be controlled by a nearby gate voltage. We focus on systems which allow large deformations $u(x)\gg h$ compared to the thickness $h$ of the resonator and show that in this case the third-order coupling can become non-zero due to the induced dc deformation and offers the possibility to realize equations of motion encountered in optomechanics. The fourth-order coupling is relevant especially for relatively low voltages. It can be detected by accessing the Duffing regime, and by measuring frequency shifts due to mode-mode coupling.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures - supplementary information include

BB and BcB_c mesons with NRQCD and Clover actions

We present preliminary results from our study of the heavy-light spectrum and decay constants. For the heavy quark, we use NRQCD at various masses around and above the $b$ quark mass. For the first time, the heavy quark action and the heavy-light current consistently include corrections at second order in the non-relativistic expansion, as well as the leading finite $a$ corrections. The light quarks are simulated using a tadpole-improved Clover action at various masses in the strange and $c$ quark region.Comment: 6 Pages LaTex. Axis files of figures included. Joint writeup of two talks presented at LATTICE96(heavy quarks

Using agent based simulation to empirically examine complexity in carbon footprint business process

Through the critical analysis of the extant literature, it is observed that Simulation is widely used as a research method in Natural Sciences, Engineering and Social Sciences, in addition to argumentation and formalisation as the third way of carrying out research. Simulation is not so widely used in Business and Management research as it ought to have been, though this is changing for the better with the technological advances in computers and their computational power. These technological advances enhance the capability of theoretical research models, in defining a problem and their use in empirically examining a solution to the problem in simulated reality, like never before. Management journal searches for “Simulation and Complexity Theory” returned nil or zero returns, which explain that this combination is not popular in management research, though they are used individually more often. The major objective of this paper is to analyse some of the conceptual (or theoretical) and methodological (or empirical) contributions that Agent Based Simulation and Complexity Theory can make to the business and management community in their business process related research In view of this, some basic ideas are discussed of using Agent Based Simulation as a method in Business and Management Studies research and how an Agent Based Model can be applied to a business process as complex as Carbon Footprint. It is in this context that the use of Complexity as the base theory to empirically examine a business process is discussed. Throughout this article, our research on complex adaptive systems (e.g., Accounting Information System) in continuously changing organisations managing complex business processes (e.g., Carbon Footprint business process) is considered as the basis for illustrating some of the concepts. Through this article, avenues for further management research using these tools and methodology are suggested

Use of labour induction and risk of cesarean delivery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Induction of labour is common, and cesarean delivery is regarded as its major complication. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether the risk of cesarean delivery is higher or lower following labour induction compared with expectant management. Methods: We searched 6 electronic databases for relevant articles published through April 2012 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which labour induction was compared with placebo or expectant management among women with a viable singleton pregnancy. We assessed risk of bias and obtained data on rates of cesarean delivery. We used regression analysis techniques to explore the effect of patient characteristics, induction methods and study quality on risk of cesarean delivery. Results: We identified 157 eligible RCTs (n = 31 085). Overall, the risk of cesarean delivery was 12% lower with labour induction than with expectant management (pooled relative risk [RR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84-0.93; I2 = 0%). The effect was significant in term and post-term gestations but not in preterm gestations. Meta-regression analysis showed that initial cervical score, indication for induction and method of induction did not alter the main result. There was a reduced risk of fetal death (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25-0.99; I2 = 0%) and admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79-0.94), and no impact on maternal death (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.10-9.57; I2 = 0%) with labour induction. Interpretation: The risk of cesarean delivery was lower among women whose labour was induced than among those managed expectantly in term and post-term gestations. There were benefits for the fetus and no increased risk of maternal death. © 2014 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors

Impact of human resource management information systems on the quality of appraisal performance process

Copyright @ 2013 EMCIS.These days the recent development of information systems and their impact on human resource activities is one of the main hot debates in many large organizations. Many managers argue that adopting technology to incorporate the HR activities could help to improve the quality of management’s decision making process. Alternatively, there are big companies which are not adopting any specific type of technology in their HR activities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impacts of HRIS on the quality of HR activities, particularly from the appraisal performance point of view. The concept of the impact of HRIS on HR activities was applied to the case of company X which is one of the leader chemical companies in UK. In that process, interviews were conducted and they were the main methods for collecting personnel feedback, opinions and experiences about their new HRIS. It could be seen that, although the result of the research showed improvement in the quality of the activities in HR department, the quality growth was not as much as expected. It was assumed that the reason behind this limited impact on some activities could be because the new system needs some more time to implement potential efficiency gains. It is too early to measure the impact of new system on part of HR activities such as employees’ satisfaction. Keywords: Human Resource Information Systems, Management Information Systems, Executive Information Systems, Strategic Information Systems, Information Systems, Human Resources

Concircular vector fields for Kantowski Sachs and Bianchi type III spacetimes

This paper intends to obtain concircular vector fields of Kantowski Sachs and Bianch type III spacetimes. For this purpose, ten conformal Killing equations and their general solution in the form of conformal Killing vector fields are derived along with their conformal factors. The obtained conformal Killing vector fields are then placed in Hessian equations to obtain the final form of concircular vector fields. The existence of concircular symmetry imposes restrictions on the metric functions. The conditions imposing restrictions on these metric functions are obtained as a set of integrability conditions. It is shown that Kantowski Sachs and Bianchi type III spacetimes admit four, six, or fifteen dimensional concircular vector fields. It is established that for Einstein spaces, every conformal Killing vector field is a concircular vector field. Moreover, it is explored that every concircular vector field obtained here is also a conformal Ricci collineation.Comment: 21 pages, 23 Reference