One-pot mechanochemical ball milling synthesis of the MnOx nanostructures as efficient catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation reaction

Here, we report on a one-pot mechanochemical ball milling synthesis of manganese oxide nanostructures synthesized at different milling speeds. The as-synthesized pure oxides and metal (Pt and Cu) doped oxides were tested in the hydrogenation of CO2 in the gas phase. Our study demonstrates the successful synthesis of the manganese oxide nanoparticles via mechano–chemical synthesis. We discovered that the milling speed could tune the crystal structure and the oxidation state of the manganese, which plays an essential role in the CO2 hydrogenation evidenced by ex situ XRD and XPS studies. The pure MnOx milled at 600 rpm showed high catalytic activity (∼20 000 nmol g−1 s−1) at 823 K, which can be attributed to the presence of Mn(II) besides Mn(III) and Mn(IV) on the surface under the reaction conditions. This study illustrates that the milling method is a cost-effective, simple way for the production of both pure, Pt-doped and Cu-loaded manganese nanocatalysts for heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Thus, we studied the Pt incorporation effect for the catalytic activity of MnOx using different Pt loading methods such as one-pot milling, wet impregnation and size-controlled 5 nm Pt loading via an ultrasonication-assisted method

Synthetisation and characterisation of platinum nanoparticles in a wide range of size

Discovering new alternative catalysts for (industrial) organic reactions is an important and challangeing task. Use of transition metals in these kind of reactions has had success since the begining of the 19th century. Development of nanostructure related methods can help us to enhance these reactions. This study showcases different methods that were developed for synthetising nanostructured platinum crystals in a wide range of size. (1-100nm) Production of smaller nanoparticles requires ethylene glycol as solvent, while more robust crystals can be formed in a watery solution. The process could be made either with the use of proctecting organic groups or without; these properties provide good flexibility considering the further usage of the nanoparticles. Characterisation of the nanoparticles involved measurements with Transmission Electron Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering, these methods have showed the monodisperse size distribution and spherical geometry of the nanocrystals