Das Strip-Till Verfahren als bodenschonende Anbaumaßnahme im Feldgemüsebau

Das Strip-Till Verfahren ist eine konservierende Bodenbearbeitung, bei der nur die Streifen für die Pflanzreihen gelockert werden, der weitere Boden aber unbearbeitet und bedeckt bleibt. Es trägt zum Schutz der Bodenstruktur und zur Speicherung des Wassers im Boden bei

A method for acoustic storage pest detection and its challenges

Insekten im Getreide sind ein Problem, nicht nur, weil sie das Getreide fressen, sondern weil sie durch Massenvermehrung mit ihrem Stoffwechsel dazu führen, dass Wärme und Feuchte und damit ein guter Lebensraum für Schimmel entsteht, der das Getreide unbrauchbar macht. So droht die Kontamination mit Mykotoxinen. Daher ist es wichtig, Insektenbefall frühzeitig zu erkennen und zu bekämpfen. Mit dem "Beetle Sound Tube" wurde ein System zur akustischen Früherkennung von Insekten in Getreide entwickelt, mit dem es möglich ist auch sehr geringen Insektenbefall akustisch zu erfassen und den Lagerhalter per E-Mail zu benachrichtigen. Das System befindet sich während der Lagerperiode dauerhaft im Getreide und überwacht das Getreide auf Insektengeräusche. Während der Entwicklung dieses akustischen Monitoringsystems ergaben sich unterschiedliche Herausforderungen bei der Analyse der sehr leisen Insektengeräusche in einer Umgebung mit vielfältigen Hintergrundgeräuschen. Auch anfallendes Datenvolumen und Analysegeschwindigkeit mussten optimiert werden, um Befall „just-in-time“ erfassen zu können. Das Akustik-Röhrensystem wurde für Silos, Flachläger und big bags entwickelt und ist damit für viele Lagerformen geeignet.Insects in grain can cause serious problems, not only because they feed on the grains. Mass reproduction also causes additional moisture and heat due to the insects' metabolism. This leads to favourable conditions for moulds, which can cause major losses and the formation of mycotoxins. It is therefore important to detect and treat an infestation at an early stage. The "Beetle Sound Tube" system was developed as an acoustic early detection system for insects in grain, which makes it possible to detect even very low levels of infestation and inform the storekeeper by e-mail. The acoustic system remains in the grain during the storage period, and permanently records insect sounds. Challenges were encountered in the development of this acoustic monitoring system, such as analysing very quiet insect sounds in a noisy agricultural environment. In addition, the amount of data collected and the speed of analysis had to be optimised to achieve just-in-time detection of insects. The acoustic tube system was developed for silos, flat stores and big bags and is therefore widely applicable

A new approach to acoustic insect detection in grain storage: Presentation

Insect pests in grain storages can cause severe financial losses. Infested grain needs to be treated and can be sold only with lower profit. Intense infestation can lead to contamination with mycotoxins and total loss of stock. Therefore, an early detection of insect storage pests is of great importance to farmers and storage keepers but is difficult to obtain in large amounts of grain. Besides conventional detection methods such as insect traps and monitoring of temperature and relative humidity, acoustic monitoring can identify insect infestation. Insects in grain and other stored products produce sounds at a low level during movement and feeding activity. A new acoustic system was developed as part of the project “InsectTap” to increase the detectability of insect sounds. Highly sensitive microphones were installed inside a metal tube that increased the surface on which beetle signals could be detected. Additionally, the tube worked as a beetle trap recording all sounds from even one single beetle inside the trap. The tube system was tested in 1 and 8 m³ boxes filled with wheat. Infestation could be detected at a very early stage about 8 weeks before a temperature rise, or beetles at the grain surface indicated an infestation. In the next step, this “Beetle Sound Tube”-System will be installed in different grain silos aiming for automatic early detection and specific identification of infestation. The information provided to the farmer or storage keeper allows early and specific treatment to reduce losses. Additionally, the introduction of parasitoids via the tube system will be tested to increase the efficacy of biological control.Insect pests in grain storages can cause severe financial losses. Infested grain needs to be treated and can be sold only with lower profit. Intense infestation can lead to contamination with mycotoxins and total loss of stock. Therefore, an early detection of insect storage pests is of great importance to farmers and storage keepers but is difficult to obtain in large amounts of grain. Besides conventional detection methods such as insect traps and monitoring of temperature and relative humidity, acoustic monitoring can identify insect infestation. Insects in grain and other stored products produce sounds at a low level during movement and feeding activity. A new acoustic system was developed as part of the project “InsectTap” to increase the detectability of insect sounds. Highly sensitive microphones were installed inside a metal tube that increased the surface on which beetle signals could be detected. Additionally, the tube worked as a beetle trap recording all sounds from even one single beetle inside the trap. The tube system was tested in 1 and 8 m³ boxes filled with wheat. Infestation could be detected at a very early stage about 8 weeks before a temperature rise, or beetles at the grain surface indicated an infestation. In the next step, this “Beetle Sound Tube”-System will be installed in different grain silos aiming for automatic early detection and specific identification of infestation. The information provided to the farmer or storage keeper allows early and specific treatment to reduce losses. Additionally, the introduction of parasitoids via the tube system will be tested to increase the efficacy of biological control