155 research outputs found

    Organizing and modulatory roles of plasma membrane microdomains in cell signaling and tumor therapy

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    ABSZTRAKT: Az irodalomban szĂĄmos publikĂĄciĂł mutat rĂĄ arra, hogy a sejtmembrĂĄn monosialo-tetrahexozil-gangliozidban (GM1) gazdag terĂŒletei – melyek azonosĂ­thatĂłk az Ășgynevezett lipid raftokkal, vagy lipid-tutajokkal – fontos szervezƑ-modulĂĄlĂł szerepet jĂĄtszanak a kĂŒlönbözƑ kimenetelƱ jelĂĄtviteli Ăștvonalak szabĂĄlyozĂĄsĂĄban. A citoplazmamembrĂĄn ezen koleszterinben Ă©s szfingolipidekben gazdag, szubmikron mĂ©retƱ strukturĂĄlis egysĂ©geinek tehĂĄt nem pusztĂĄn morfolĂłgiai, hanem funkcionĂĄlis szerepe van. A raftok kĂ©pesek egymĂĄstĂłl szigetszerƱen elkĂŒlönĂ­tve akkumulĂĄlni a kĂŒlönbözƑ sejtĂ©lettani folyamatokban egyĂŒttmƱködƑ membrĂĄnfehĂ©rjĂ©ket, Ă­gy biztosĂ­tva az eltĂ©rƑ kimenetelƱ jelĂĄtviteli kaszkĂĄdok hatĂ©kony lejĂĄtszĂłdĂĄsĂĄt. Ezek a lipid domĂ©nek, mint membrĂĄnon ĂșszĂł „forrĂł terĂŒletek” egy kis ĂĄtmĂ©rƑjƱ – 50-150 nm – terĂŒletre kĂ©pesek koncentrĂĄlni a receptorokat Ă©s mĂĄs jĂĄrulĂ©kos fehĂ©rjĂ©ket, ami egy sokkal hatĂ©konyabb Ă©s intenzĂ­vebb lefolyĂĄsĂș jelĂĄtvitelhez vezet. Dolgozatomban szeretnĂ©k kĂ©pet adni a membrĂĄn GM1 gangliozidban gazdag mikrodomĂ©njeinek szervezƑ Ă©s modulĂĄlĂł funkciĂłjĂĄrĂłl nĂ©hĂĄny tumor sejtvonal, Ă©s azokat cĂ©lzĂł molekulĂĄris terĂĄpiĂĄk esetĂ©ben. KĂ­sĂ©rleteimben megvizsgĂĄltam a tirozinkinĂĄz aktivitĂĄsĂș PDGF receptorok (PDGFR) ÎČ tĂ­pusĂĄnak lipid-tutaj- Ă©s konfluenciafĂŒggƑ szabĂĄlyozĂĄsĂĄt, tovĂĄbbĂĄ feltĂĄrtam a ciszplatin Ă©s egy Ășj, mĂ©g nem törzskönyvezett, igen hatĂ©kony platina alapĂș gyĂłgyszerjelölt Ă©s a TRAIL halĂĄlligand raftfĂŒggƑ szinergizmusĂĄt a DR4 Ă©s DR5 mediĂĄlt, kaszpĂĄz-8 dependens apoptĂłzis indukciĂłjĂĄban. MegĂĄllapĂ­tottam, hogy a sejtmembrĂĄn GM1 gazdag domĂ©njei minden vizsgĂĄlt rendszerben fontos szervezƑi a kĂŒlönbözƑ Ăștvonalakon lejĂĄtszĂłdĂł jelĂĄtviteli folyamatoknak, Ă©s Ă­gy nĂ©lkĂŒlözhetetlenek a vizsgĂĄlt sejtfunkciĂłk optimĂĄlis mƱködtetĂ©sĂ©ben.ABSTRACT:In the last two decades, several publications dealt with the GM1-ganglioside rich domains of the cell membrane — also termed lipid rafts — as essential modulators of growth factor dependent signaling. These cholesterol- and sphingolipid-enriched submicron sized membrane domains possess not only structural, but also functional roles. Rafts are able to simultaneously isolate or accumulate diverse membrane proteins involved in various signaling pathways; furthermore, these platforms are also able to organize effector and adaptor proteins together with receptors in small membrane compartments, thus evoking more efficient signal transduction. In my PhD thesis I aim to demonstrate the modulatory and organizing function of GM1 rich microdomains in the membrane of tumor cell lines, and their possible role in targeted therapies. My observations encompass the significance of lipid rafts in serving as a platform for cell confluence dependent regulation of the functional outcome of signaling by the receptor tyrosine kinase PDGFR ÎČ, as well as for generating an apoptotic response to combination treatment with platinum complexes and TRAIL. Overall, my results support the view that GM1 rich microdomains are important regulators of various signaling pathways, and can be considered essential platforms for the optimal execution of cellular responses to external signals.N
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