Intensity Ratio of Kβ/Kα in Selected Elements from Mg to Cu, and the Chemical Effects of Cr Kα1,2 Diagram Lines and Cr Kβ/Kα Intensity Ratio in Cr Compounds

Y. Ito acknowledges the financial support for the measurements of a part of the data by the REXDAB Collaboration that was initiated within the International Fundamental Parameter Initiative. This research was supported in part by FCT (Portugal) under research center grants UID/FIS/04559/2020 (LIBPhys). This work was also supported by the National Science Centre, Poland under grant number 2017/25/B/ST2/00901 and grant number 2021/05/X/ST2/01664, and by the Slovenian Research Agency (P1-0112). A. Kahoul and A. Hamidani acknowledge the support of the DGRSDT, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Algeria, and of Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi University, under project (PRFU) No. B00L02UN340120220001. Paul Indelicato is a member of the Allianz Program of the Helmholtz Association, contract n° EMMI HA-216 “Extremes of Density and Temperature: Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory”. P.I. acknowledge support from the PESSOA Hubert Curien Program 2022, Number 47863UE. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.(Formula presented.) X-ray lines from photon excitation were measured in selected elements from Mg to Cu using a high-resolution double-crystal X-ray spectrometer with a proportional counter, and the (Formula presented.) intensity ratio for each element was obtained, after correcting for self-absorption, detection efficiency, and crystal reflectance. This intensity ratio increases rapidly from Mg to Ca but, in the (Formula presented.) elements region, the increase becomes slower. This is related to the intensity of the (Formula presented.) line involving valence electrons. The slow increase of this ratio in the (Formula presented.) elements region is thought to be due to the correlation between (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) electrons. Moreover, the chemical shifts, FWHM, asymmetry indices, and (Formula presented.) intensity ratios of the Cr compounds, due to different valences, were also investigated using the same double-crystal X-ray spectrometer. The chemical effects were clearly observed, and the (Formula presented.) intensity ratio was found to be compound-dependent for Cr.publishersversionpublishe

Implementation of algebraic procedures on the GPU using CUDA architecture on the example of generalized eigenvalue problem

The ready to use set of functions to facilitate solving a generalized eigenvalue problem for symmetric matrices in order to efficiently calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors, using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology from NVIDIA, is provided. An integral part of the CUDA is the high level programming environment enabling tracking both code executed on Central Processing Unit and on Graphics Processing Unit. The presented matrix structures allow for the analysis of the advantages of using graphics processors in such calculations

Modelling of the soft X-ray tungsten spectra expected to be registered by GEM detection system for WEST

In the future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the interaction between the plasma and the tungsten chosen as the plasma-facing wall material imposes that the hot central plasma loses energy by X-ray emission from tungsten ions. On the other hand, the registered X-ray spectra provide alternative diagnostics of the plasma itself. Highly ionized tungsten emits extremely complex X-ray spectra that can be understood only after exhaustive theoretical studies. The detailed analyses will be useful for proper interpretation of soft X-ray plasma radiation expected to be registered on ITER-like machines, that is, Tungsten (W) Environment in Steady-state Tokamak (WEST). The simulations of the soft X-ray spectra structures for tungsten ions have been performed using the flexible atomic code (FAC) package within the framework of collisional-radiative (CR) model approach for electron temperatures and densities relevant to WEST tokamak

Natural linewidths of Cu Kα1,2 spectra obtained with an antiparallel double-crystal X-ray spectrometer

Funding Information: Y. Ito acknowledges the financial support for the measurements of a part of the data by the REXDAB Collaboration that was initiated within the International Fundamental Parameter Initiative. This research was supported in part by FCT (Portugal) under research center grants UID/FIS/04559/2020 (LIBPhys). This work was also supported by the National Science Centre, Poland, under grant number 2021/05/X/ST2/01664. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.To investigate the natural linewidths of Cu Kα1,2 diagram lines, the spectra of these lines were recorded in detail using an anti-parallel double-crystal X-ray spectrometer. The values obtained for the measured Cu Kα1 and Kα2 natural linewidths are 2.264(18) eV and 2.534(73) eV, respectively. The contribution of the Coster-Kronig (CK) transition for the Kα2 linewidth is found to be approximately 0.27 eV. Theoretical values 2.1454 eV for the Kα1 line and 2.1292 eV for the Kα2 line were calculated, using the GRASP and FAC codes. A detailed study of the same spectra using Si and Ge crystals and several Bragg surfaces was performed. In addition, the spectral measurements of Cu Kα3,4 satellite lines were made, and information on the energy values, FWHMs, and intensity ratios of these satellite lines was obtained from multiple-peak fitting analyses.publishersversionpublishe